Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

A2C. Extra suns are the children of the main thing, A736.1.4.1.

.12.15.21.23.-.27.31.

The extra suns that were in the past or may appear in the future are the children of the Father Sun. See A2A motif.

Loma, Eve, Von, Diola, Vute, Latins, Kachins, Muria, Kondas, Sora, Birkhor, Santals, Bhuya, Bhattra, Binjwar, Semangi, Senoi, Bataks, Mentawai, Java, Western and Eastern Toraja, Tagals, Chinese (Shaanxi), Ancient Greece, Bulgarians, Macedonians, Serbs, (Romanians), Russian written tradition, Lithuanians.

West Africa. Loma (loma mende) [The Sun is an uncle, the Month is a nephew, everyone has their own children; when hungry, the Sun offered to eat the children; divided its own in half, ate its share; the Month ate only a little, and He hid the rest and suggested the next day as if it were his child's flesh; the Month distributed some of its light among its star children so that the Sun could not attack them suddenly; after that The Month itself has become dim, shining only at night, fearing the Sun's attack]: Pinney 1973:72; eve [Lissa's sun married the moon Dsinu (=Suñh); they have many sun children who tried to follow father; out of jealousy, he rushed to kill them, some killed, others fled to sea; daughters did not try to follow their father and now with their mother (stars); the word for a star literally means "child of the moon," also "scattered children"; some believe that the Sun and the Moon made man; sometimes the Sun goes off its way and rushes to hit the moon, causing an eclipse; then people make noise and shout for it to leave moon at rest]: Ellis 1890:65-66; background [The moon tells her brother the Sun that they each have many children and overshadow their parents' fame; the Sun agrees to drown the children; first the Moon threw bag into the river and then the Sun; but at nightfall, the Sun saw that the moon's children were stars in place; the Sun's children turned into fish]: Toton 2017:57-58; diola [the sun has as many children as the sun by the moon; the children of the moon are stars, and the children of the sun are hot, the earth is unbearably hot; the moon invites the sun to get rid of children to moderate the heat; throws a bag of white stones into the water, and the sun of its children it really drowned; when night fell, the sun saw that the stars were in place; decided to pull its children out of the river, but they died immediately; they turned into fish; since then the sun hates the moon and sometimes attacks her]: Reuss-Nliba, Reuss-Nliba 2018:66-67; wute [The Month and the Sun were friends; the Sun offered to swim, otherwise they both got very dirty in a year; he swims upstream himself and let the Month buy lower; when it hears that the water is hissing and boiling, let it also rush into the river; the Sun ordered its people to bring firewood and termite mite; having heated the fragments of termite mines in the fire, the Sun threw them into the river, the water hissed, the column of steam rose up; The month believed that it was the Sun was bathing and also jumped into the water; the cold water cooled down, its light faded forever; the Sun forgot about this prank, but A month decided to take revenge; after 15 years he said that their people had become stubborn and disobedient, wouldn't it be better to exterminate them; The Sun agreed; The Month told its people to cook more lumps of something red ( Rotkugeln) and throw it into the river; The Sun believed that the water was stained with blood, killed all its people; when he saw the Month with many followers, the Sun asked why he deceived it; The Month recalled how It became cold because of the Sun; they went on different roads; (obviously the people of the Month are stars)]: Siebert 1921, No. 1:54-57 (brief retelling in Lembezat 196:236).

Southern Europe. Latins [Phaedra's fable (1st century): "Seeing a magnificent wedding, a thief neighbor, /Aesop immediately began to tell: /One day the Sun decided to take his wife, /Why did the frogs scream to the sky. Jupiter, disturbed by the gam/What's up? Swamp residents say:/"It dries the backwaters alone, /Forcing us to die in dry places;/What will happen if it gives birth to more children?" (per. M.L. Gasparova)]: Phaedr. I. 6 (Gasparov 1962:10).

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Kachiny [Sun Brother is the father of nine Sun Girls, Sister Moon has many star children; when people started stealing rice, the Sun released all daughters as punishment, gave dogs 9 tails each, and field dogs mice (favorite game) 9 holes each; people made a large bow to shoot live snakes at the Sun; then the whole Sun family hid; they sent the Battleship, the daughter of the Sun killed him; then the Rooster; he agreed for the Sun to revive the Battleship, give him sturdy clothes and a long tongue; scatter his daughters, breaking them apart (they also became stars); if the Rooster does not welcome the Sun, the Fox will deal with him; if the Sun doesn't come out, the Toad will swallow it, and if the Moon doesn't come out, the Dog will swallow it]: Gilhodes 1908, No. 24:691-693; (cf. nokte [the great Rango-Kotakrang placed a Sun man and a Moon woman in the sky; they have many children, but the Sun destroyed them and his wife's crops with its heat; she threw buffalo droppings at him; the Sun said that for a few days a year they will change their sex (so the moon is sometimes big, sometimes small); the next time the Sun threw buffalo droppings at the moon, the spots remain]: Elwin 1958a, No. 19:51-52; dhammai [people did not die at first, but the children of the Sun and Month died every time; the Sunwoman asked the month-old man to cover his face more every day, and she would cry like he was dying; on the ground, the man wrapped the dog in a shroud, began to cry as if someone had died; the Sun sent a bird, a chicken, a pig, a bee, but only a hornet pierced the shroud and found out that there was a dog under him; when the next The Sun's child died, she threw his body to the ground, it became the carcass of a deer; people ate it and became mortal]: Elwin 1958a, No. 3:284-285).

South Asia. Muria; kondas; sora; birkhor; santals; bhuya; binjwar [when the Sun had children, the gods were afraid that the world would burn down; they asked his sister Call him to visit the moon, feed him sweet potato, saying that it is the flesh of her children; sprinkle water on their bones and they will come to life; the Sun did so to his children; his children became spirits, from time to time attack The moon, causing eclipses]: Elwin 1954, No. 6:39-40; bhattra [The sun is brother, the Moon is sister, both have children; the Moon gave her daughter for the son of the Sun, and he did not give his own for the son of the Moon; the Moon hid her children, said she killed them; the Sun killed her own; the children of the Moon are back; they only appear with their mother so that the Sun does not kill them]: Elwin 1954, No. 1:57.

Malaysia-Indonesia. Semangs; haynoi; bataks; mentawai; Java [text on how the Moon provoked the Sun to destroy its children, A. Bastian recorded in Java (Bastian, Vö1ker des östl. Asien, Bd. V, S. 117)]: Kühn 1936:74; Western and Eastern Torajas; Western Torajas (Bada') [The Sun used to be a woman and the Moon a man; they changed their sex as if the Sun had children were born, everything would burn]: Kruyt 1938, No. 24:370.

Taiwan - Philippines. Tagaly.

China - Korea. Chinese (southwest Shaanxi, W. Fengxiang) [A long time ago, the sun always rose in the east and set in the west. But the sun became lonely, and it commanded the animals to find him a wife. All the animals responded to his call, but the rooster, instead of helping, went to the desert to peck sand. All the animals were surprised, and the rooster told them that if the sun found a wife, he would have children, and then it would be impossible to live on earth {because of the heat}. Therefore, the rooster bites the sand to "take precautions for later life" {get used to eating sand alone}. Hearing this, the animals refused to look for a wife for the sun, and the sun, having learned of this, refused to shine and took refuge in the sea. The animals began to blame the rooster. The next day, the sky never brightened, and the rooster ran to the sea, stood on its shore and screamed. The sun heard his loud scream, surprised, and peered out of the water. Seeing this, the rooster ran away and screamed again; the sun saw no one and came out of the water completely. Then the rooster ran away again and screamed, and the sun rose even higher. So the sun forgot its anger and returned to normal. The animals were happy. The sun remembered that it had refused to shine, but was ashamed to come back. Since then, the rooster has been screaming every morning and the sun rises in the east and sets in the west]: Zhou Yang et al. 1996, no. 10:12.

The Balkans. Ancient Greece [Phaedrus's fable (1st century): "Seeing a magnificent wedding, a thief neighbor, /Aesop immediately began to tell: /One day the Sun decided to take his wife, /To which the frogs screamed to the sky./ Jupiter asked, disturbed by the hum, /What's the matter? Swamp residents say:/"It dries the backwaters alone, /Forcing us to die in dry places;/What will happen if it gives birth to more children?" (per. M.L. Gasparova)]: Phaedr. I. 6 (Gasparov 1962:10); Gasparov 1968, № 289 [Perry 1952, No. 314; the sun is celebrating its wedding in the summer; the frog is afraid that the sun will have a child who will dry the earth more than the sun]: 146; 1991, No. 6 [ The sun decided to marry; the frogs screamed and turned to Jupiter: The sun is killing us alone, but what happens when he has children?] , 25 (Babriy) [=1968, No. 289, Toad and Sun]: 273, 358; Bulgarians: Kovachev 1914 []: 43-46; Kuznetsova 1998 [1) The sun announced his wedding to the Moon, invited all the animals; the Hedgehog sat sad, chewing on a stone; replied that he liked the treat, but he wanted to learn how to eat stones in advance, because when the Sun has children, everything on earth will burn; the Sun refused to marry; the animals are angry with the Hedgehog, the Sun gave to protect his needle; 2) The sun is going to marry his Moon sister; "matchmakers" gathered - all animals; The hedgehog threw food into the horse's feeder, sat silently; replied that the wedding would take place if his horse ate his horse food; explained that when little suns are populated, everything on earth will burn, so he wants to teach the horse how to eat stones in advance; the animals decided to make sure that the Sun and the Moon never meet]: 78; Marinov 2003 [The sun decided to marry; the Hedgehog, who came on a donkey, put stones in his feeder instead of hay; explained to the Sun that when the Sun has children, the heat from many suns will incinerate everything, let the donkey settle gets used to eating stones; The Sun has given up its intention to marry]: 29; Stoynev 2006 [(briefly, like Kuznetsov)]: 303; Johns 2005 [The sun asks God for permission to marry; God consults the Devil, that replies that he is God, and it is up to him to decide; God sends a bee to Hell; she overhears the Devil telling his donkey to drink from the river, for when the Sun gives birth to children, the rivers will dry up; God refuses to give permission for a wedding]: 268; Strausx 1898:11, 37-38 in Hatt 1949 [The sun was put to marry because people (or the Devil) began to think what would happen if he had children]: 73; Macedonians: Tsenev 2004:32 [1) Orache; first there were three Suns; one was eaten by a serpent, the second went underground and shines there, the third remained; 2) Strnovac; the Sun has brothers and children who shine in other lands], 36-37 [1) on Petrovden, people decided marry the Sun; only St. Peter was sad; said that when the Sun had sons and daughters, the world would burn; people decided that the Sun could not marry; 2) The Sun was going to marry, but the Hedgehog said that when many Suns were born, live it would become impossible; the animals decided that the Sun should not marry; then he sank into the sea; the Rooster began to sing, the Sun came up and accused him that he, the Sun, was drowning while he was singing; since then the Sun has come out When a rooster sings and he cursed the hedgehog, he hides that day; 3) God forbid the Sun to marry, then he sank into the sea; the Rooster began to sing, the Sun went out to see why he sings and stayed; 4) when the Sun decided to marry, Mule said that if there were two suns, he would burn; the wedding was canceled and the Sun cursed the mule to have no offspring]; Martin 1955 [the animals began to think they could do good for Suns; the Hedgehog offered to marry him, the Sun was happy; Leo doubted: new suns would be born, the earth would burn; the Sun sank into the sea; the Rooster volunteered to return him, crowed for three days, but to no avail; then he jumped into the sea, got wet and appeared miserable; the Sun asked what was wrong with him; the Rooster replied that he had been persuaded to marry and was now miserable; there is nothing better than living alone; the Sun was happy and came out; the hedgehog was condemned and he is now hiding from everyone]: 32-36; Ortenzio 2008, No. 4 [the animals gathered for the Sun's wedding; the hedgehog picked up stones, put his donkey in the feeder; explained that when The sun will give birth to children, it will be so hot that there will be nothing left but stones, let the donkey get used to it; after learning that the animals no longer want him to marry, the Sun disappeared into the sea; the rooster led to the seashore an old shabby rooster and began to crow until the Sun came out and asked what was going on; the rooster said he sings for joy - he was single, but the example of a married man next to him; the Sun decided that You shouldn't get married and came back]: 15-18; Serbs: Eschker 1992, No. 45 [The sun decided to marry and invited everyone to the wedding; the Hedgehog also came; everyone left their horses to graze in the meadow, and the Hedgehog in the sand; let them learn to eat sand; when the Sun gives birth to children as hot as their mother, everything else will burn; the Sun was offended and sank into the sea for a year; the Rooster promised to lure him out; began to crow on the shore ; when he heard the rooster scream for the first time, the Sun stuck its head out to look; the Rooster slowly began to move away from the shore, and the Sun rose on the sea and lit up the world]: 207-208; Jankovich 1951 [The sun decided to marry, He invited everyone to the wedding; the Hedgehog gave his donkey stones, said that he should learn to eat them; when the Sun had children, everything would burn; the Sun refused to marry]: 63-64; (cf. Romanians [God sends a bee to ask the Devil whether to create one sun or more; sitting in the Devil's hair, the bee overheard him think out loud; we must create one sun, for a few would burn hotter than hellfire and the Devil would not be able to torment (sinners); if the suns were shining night and day, people would not fall under the power of the Devil]: Gaster 1915:71 in Johns 2005:269).

Central Europe. The Russian written tradition ["Jesop" by Simbirsk captain Pyotr Kashinsky (1675, of the two surviving lists, one dates back to 1684 and the other to the first third of the 18th century), which consists of three books and is a free translation of fables from the collection "Przypowieśći Aezopowe, z Łacińskiego na Polskie z pilnośćiů przełozone. Przydane sů k temu przypowieśći z Gabryela Greka y Laurenthego Abstemiusa", published in Krakow around 1600: the toads were happy when they heard that the sun was taking a wife; the old toad said : "Oh silly people, what are you happy about?! Gentle to you, a ray of one sun causes you to lose that the swamps dry up. Well, do you understand whether it will be better when he has many such children?" (Book 2: "The Proverbs of Gavril the Greek", listed in the 18th century)]: Tarkovsky, Tarkovskaya 2005, No. 39:418.

Baltoscandia. Lithuanians [frogs found out that the Sun was getting married; decided that when children appeared, they would dry up all water bodies, burn everything; went to complain to God, but did not find him at home; the Sun found out that frogs went to complain, deprived them of their warmth; frogs became afraid of the sun, they croak only after sunset]: Lybite 1965:400.