Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

B77B. The sky was touched by a long object.

.12.13.19.21.-.27.32.

The sky moved away and/or people's connection with the deity ceased after the sky or heavenly deity was touched, hit while working with a long object (pestle, broom, etc.). Cf. motives B77b1 and B77b2.

West Africa. Nzema [the sky was close to the ground; the old woman pushed fufu (yam food), her pestle hit the sky every time, she told the sky to move away]: Grottanelli 1967:36; kpelle [the sky was close to the ground; a pregnant woman pushed a potion in a mortar, hit the sky with the other end of the pestle, the pestle was stuck there, God got angry, pushed the sky aside, now we can't see it]: Westermann 1921b, No. 28:533; Eve: Olderogge 1959 [the sky was close to the ground; the woman could not properly interfere with the porridge, the spoon clung to the sky, the woman splashed hot porridge into the sky, hit Mawa in the face; he left the people, picked up sky with you]: 158; Schneider 1857:34 in Fischer 1932 [people went to heaven for fish, fish fell to the ground like raindrops; one woman crushed fufu grains, asked the sky to rise to work more comfortably pestle; the sky rose, then again; the third time it rose to its current height; now you can't reach God, and the fish do not fall from the sky]: 235; wolbari [Wulbari (Woolbari) was lying on Mother Earth Asase-Ya (Asashi-Yya); the old woman crushed the yam, touched him with a pestle, the smoke from the hearths ate her eyes, people wiped their dirty fingers against the sky, and another old woman cut off a piece from V. every time to make the food tastier; so V. went up; animals originally lived with him]: Belcher 2005:111 (=Scheub 2000:262; =Zhukov, Kotlyar 1976, No. 9:41-46); catch-up [the sky was close to the ground, women touched him with a wooden pestle; one woman shoved it to its current height]: Griaule 1938:48; Ashanti: Anpetkova-Sharova 2010 [the sky was low; people cut off pieces and ate; old woman was cooking fufu, crush cassava, touched the sky with a pestle, it moved away; the old woman told the children to put their stupas one on top of the other, get to the sky, cut off a delicious piece; one stupa was not enough; Anance's spider offered to take out their stupa from below, put it upstairs; the tower collapsed, the sky remained high]: 37-38; Cardinall 1920 [a woman pushed yams, pestled over the sky; the sky became angry and moved away]: 23; Scheub 2000 [Aberewa woman (this Asase Yaa was named after the spirit of the earth) cooked meals for the children, hitting Nyame ("sky", "God") with the end of the pestle; N. was tired of it, he retired from Earth; A. decided to be close to him again, put a lot one on top of the other; she needed the last one, she asked the child to give it to her, he did not find it, she told me to give one of the lower legs, then the tower collapsed]: 5; aquapim [Nyankupong sky, incarnation of God Nyang, was close to the ground; it was enough to throw a stick at him when a big fish fell from there; the woman pestled in the fufu mortar, asked N. to move away a little; he got up and asked is it enough; but the woman asked three times and eventually the sky moved very far away; now there are few fish]: Frobenius 1909:380; gisiga (about the same at the capsica) [at first the sky is close to the ground, people walked bent over, ate pieces that they had cut off from the sky; the leader's daughter instead picked up grains from the ground, crushed them in a mortar, touching the sky with a pestle; asked Heaven to move away three times; twice it moved slightly, the third time to its current height; people were able to walk straightened up and farm, but were unable to eat pieces of the sky]: Beek 2010:53; Igbo [ the sky was low; the woman crushed the yam, hitting the sky with the end of the peste each time, ignoring God's requests to be more careful; God (=heaven) moved away from the ground]: Scheub 2000:32; Hausa (Niger) [ the sky was low, people broke off pieces from it with their hands, ate; old people forbade children to make noise, grind in a mortar, disturb the sky; one girl began to grind water in her mortar, hitting the sky with the end of the pestle; the sky moved away, people had to eat not manna from heaven, but grain, old people told women and girls to grind grain]: Mariko 1984:5-7; lele [Kounimo (god of rain and thunderstorm) spread it all over the ground seeds of cultivated plants; one woman pushed them into a mortar, always hit K. with the end of the pestle, told him to move away; one dog could not find a place to relieve himself - crops grew everywhere; K. went up and took the cereals with him; now they have to be grown]: Ruelland, Caprile 1993:19-21

Sudan-East Africa. Nuba [1) the sky was close to the ground, the women could not raise a spoon to prevent the porridge, burned their hands, grabbing pots; one woman pushed the sky with a spoon, the sky moved away in anger; 2) the sky was low, people tore off edible pieces from him; the woman shoved it with a spoon, the sky moved away in anger; therefore, the clouds only rain for a short time of the year]: Parrinder 1967:35; Dinka: Lienhardt 1961 [the sky was low, people easily climbed a rope into heaven to communicate with the deity; the deity gave the first man and woman Garanga and Abuk one millet grain a day, forbiding to grind more; this enough; out of greed, the woman began to grind (or sow) many grains at once, for this purpose she took a long pestle (or hoe), it hit the sky; then God sent a blue bird to cut the rope that connected the sky and earth; heaven (=deity) is gone, it became necessary to work, illness and death appeared]: 33-34; Scheub 2000:6 [Abuk is the first woman, sometimes wife or mother of the supreme god Deng or other deities; her husband Garang; D. allowed A. and G. to sow only one millet seed a day; once hungry A. sowed a lot and at that time hit D. on the toe; he cut off the rope that connected heaven and earth, and people they have been sick and dying ever since], 177 [same, the supreme deity is Nebo-Nhialik; he warned not to work with a hoe with a long handle; the woman took such a hoe, hit N. with the end of the pen, the sky moved away from lands]; Stubbs 1934 [Nyalich (Supreme Deity, Rain, Sky) was close to the ground; the woman ran away from her husband into the forest; when she crushed the grains, she raised the pestle up, hitting N. in the stomach; he became angry and moved away from the ground]: 243; nyimang (ama) [the sky was lying on the ground, the earth was suffocating; women had to stir porridge, bending low over the cauldron, hitting the sky with a stirrer; one poked the upper sky at the end of the mixer, the sky, the clouds, the spirits were furious, far from the ground]: Scheub 2000:5; atuot [when a person died, the Creator picked him up and he came to life again; torment from one there was enough millet grain for everyone; one woman decided to crush more and raised the pestle so high that the Creator told people to work hard from now on; the bird flew by, cutting off the rope, the man died, others sprinkled ashes on themselves]: Burton 1991:83; Stubbs 1934 [Nyalich was not high above the ground; one woman left her husband, went into the forest; began to break the grain, raising the pestle high, hit N. in the stomach; he angry, retired from the ground]: 243; Somalia [the sky was low, protecting people from the heat and cold; two women were millet in mortars, pestling through the sky; the sky tried to stop the women, those not listened, then it rose to its current height; rays shine through holes - these are stars; when a heavenly girl carries a bucket of water home, water overflows and flows down through holes, it rains]: Kapchits 1997, No. 1:15-16 (retelling in Kotlyar 2009, No. 36:56).

Melanesia. New Hebrides {central?} [the sky was so low that a woman would hit him with a pestle when she was cooking; she got angry and told him to move away; that's what happened]: Fischer 1932:234.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Garo: Mandal 2009 [heaven and earth were almost close to each other; everyone was afraid of being crushed; the old lady was breaking rice, it hit the sky with the end; the old woman in her hearts shoved the sky and it rose to its current height]: 87-88; Playfair 1909 [after the land separated from the water, a huge black vessel hung above the ground; Bonépa pushed it away with a pestle, then the sun shone]: 84.

Burma - Indochina. The Thais of Vietnam: Nguyên Xuân Hiên et al. 2004:131-132 [the sky was low, pestled, ruffled with rice, and by shuttle when they were weaving; all cultivated plants were large, pumpkin-sized rice; rice bins and fish vessels filled themselves as needed; one widow caught on a huge rice plant; she pruned grains, rice took on herbaceous shape; wife the deities got angry, cut the thread that attached the sky to the ground, the sky rose high]; Chesnov 1982h [in some Thai myths, an angry woman insulted the sky by hitting it with a rice pestle]: 488.

South Asia. The Assames (Golaghat; his sister Garo Kachari lived here in the past) [the sky was close to the ground; an old humpback hit him with a broom, it moved away]: Elwin 1949:79; varley (western India) [the sky was close to the ground, touching the water vessels that women carried on their heads; the woman's pestle hit the sky, it moved away]: Elwin 1949:79; birkhor [the sky was close to ground; an old woman was breaking rice, accidentally hitting the sky with a pestle and it rose to its current height]: Roy 1925, No. 8:436 (paraphrase in Elwin 1949:79); bondo [the sky was close to the ground, and people were below the grass; the old woman's broom touched the cloud; she shoved it off in her hearts; the sky rose, people grew up]: Elwin 1954, No. 1:29; gondas [the sky was close to the ground; the old woman swept, hit her head against the sky shoved it off in my hearts with a broom]: Elwin 1949, No. 5:82; kannada [the sky and sun were close to the ground, people were dying from the heat; one peasant just shaved his head, it burst and he died; his daughter was breaking rice, raising the pestle higher; the pestle hit the sky, bounced and killed the girl; her mother cursed the sky: why doesn't it move away? After that, the sky and the sun began to rise; at this time, a donkey carrying a bale of dirty laundry threw it off and ran; laundress donkey: stop, stop! the sky decided that he was asked not to rise higher and stopped at the height where it is now; if it were not for this laundress, the sun and sky would have moved so far that people would die in the absence of rain and light]: Ramanujan 1997, No. 75:212; Sinhales: Parker 1910 [=Perera 1917:50-51; the sky was low, the sun and moon passed right above the roofs, the stars served as lamps; the maid is unhappy that clouds touch her broomstick; hit the sky with a broom, it rose]: 29-30; Volkhonsky, Solntseva 1985, No. 2 [the rice itself ripened, the cows gave oil, you did not have to go to the forest for honey; the sky was low, the stars could be grabbed with her hands; the maid was unhappy that the clouds hit her broom's stick; she hit the sky with a broom, she was offended, rose]: 3.

Malaysia-Indonesia. Temuan (mantra): Hervey 1883 [the sky was low at first, but Blo pushed it away with his hands, because when he was breaking rice, the pest hit the sky]: 190; Skeat, Blagden 1906 [Mertang's older brother and younger B'lo descended to earth from heaven; their mother was a handful of Earth, their father was a Drop of Water; the sky was low; B. pushed him away with his hands, because he ruined rice and touched it with a pestle]: 337; clementan [the sky was low; The giant Usai (brother of the owner of the dead) crushed the sago with a wooden mallet, accidentally hit the sky; it moved away]: Hose, MacDougall 1912:142.

Taiwan - Philippines. Payvan: Coyaud 2012, No. 53 [women pushed millet, it was hot, alone peeled off the sun, this sun went blind and became the moon; the sky moved away from the ground, turned black; the Sakidadau bird sang and took one woman as her wife; the woman told S. what she needed out of need, asked to accompany her; the next time S. replied that she should go alone; the woman told her crap to answer for her, ran away]: 113-114; Egli 1989, No. 7 [the sky was low; a man named Kulele crushed millet, touched the sky with a pestle, it rose, it became spacious, the sun moved away and stopped burning unbearably; before from the heat you couldn't leave the house and do anything outside]: 33; Ho 1967, No. 8 [the sky was low, two suns were burning unbearably; two women pushed millet pests on the roof; shoved the sun with pastures, one went blind, it became moon; the sky rose with another sun]: 215; Whitehorn, Earle 2003, No. 8 [two women pushed a grain on the roof; the sky was low and two suns burned unbearably; women touched one sun with a pestle, this the sun went blind and became the moon, and the sky moved away from the ground; Kidadaw screamed, the women fled, K. caught one and carried her to him, putting her on a grindstone, which he placed on his shoulder; woman: I'm afraid of your needles; but K. brought her home and made her a wife; one day she went to wash, caught fish, cooked at home, then she had a stomachache; asked K. to go with her - she needed it out of need; when he was tired of walking with her, she told the crap to answer for her, ran away; when K. heard the vague for the third time, "Oh," he went and saw only crap; with his erected penis he hit him a stone and thus burned a fire], 64 [there were two suns in the sky, the sky was low, people were constantly working and did not sleep; Tukanivan crushed millet and hit the sky with the end of the pestle; one sun fell and the sky moved away; with You can sleep since then]: 71, 292; apayao [the sky was low, some trees sprouted into it; the woman was breaking rice, touching the sky with a pestle, it was frightened, rose, uprooting trees]: Wilson 1947b: 20- 21; mangian [Mahal Makanaako held a tree in his hands, it gave shade; a worm fell from the tree into his hand, his bowel movements became earth; other worms appeared in the ground, it grew larger; MM created the brothers Malvay and Dalidali, ordered the land to be sculpted; M. worked diligently, valleys appeared; D. was in a hurry - mountains; a grain of rice was enough to feed everyone; the machete cleared the field himself; people dumped skin and younger; children were born by men from calf legs; the first were born to M.; Doug's woman ("earth") felt sorry for men, told her brother that women would give birth; stepped over his leg, she had the baby in his stomach; the sky was low, preventing rice from breaking; Dalidali hit him with the upper end of the pestle, it rose; Wild Chicken gave people eggs; D. ran impatiently to see if there was droppings in the basket Wild Chicken refused to give more eggs; D. watched one rice fill the pot; the rice felt ashamed to be looked at, now they needed a lot of rice]: Eugenio 1994, No. 25:73-74 (translated into Rybkin 1975 , No. 1:27-28); manobo: Eugenio 1994, No. 35 [the sky was low; the woman was breaking rice, hitting the sky with a pestle, it rose], 48c [the sky was low, the sun was burning terribly at noon; Eva, hitting the sky with a pestle, I didn't have time to cut the rice when the sun had already risen; I asked God to raise it higher; and so it happened]: 90-91, 110; bagobo: Benedict 1913, No. 2 [you could reach the sky by hand; old woman Mona destroyed rice, hit the sky with the upper end of the pesta, wished it to rise; and so it happened (=Eugenio 1994, No. 49a: 111; translated to Rybkin 1975, No. 4:31)], 3 [=Benedict 1916:66-67; as in (2), but Mona - the common name of the people who lived at that time; they hid in a hole from the heat of the near sun; they were old, did not give birth; after the sky rose, people began to give birth to children (Eugenio 1994, No. 49b: 112)]: 16, 16-17; Tagals: Eugenio 1994, No. 42a [Ingat was hard-working and his brother Daskol was lazy; D. destroyed rice, pest knocked on the sky every time; the sky rose]: 103; isneg [the sky was low; wife destroyed rice slowly; the husband began to raise the pestle on a grand scale, touched the sky with its end; the sky rose, taking with him a necklace (the beads became stars), a comb (became the moon), a flaming hearth (became the sun), a vessel with with a lid; when the moon is full, it is a vessel, when it is not there, a lid]: Eugenio 1994, No. 45:106; ilocan: Eugenio 1994, No. 43 [the husband brought a deer; the wife began to break the bones with a pestle, putting a comb and necklace to the sky, which was low; the pestle knocked on the sky, she asked the sky to move away every time; the sky rose, the necklace became stars, the comb was the moon], 55 [the same, the husband destroyed the rice; she also rose to heaven the stove that became the sun]: 104-105, 119; kalinga [the husband brought a deer; the wife began to break bones with a pestle; he knocked on the low sky; she asked the sky to move away every time, the sky rose to the present height]: Eugenio 1994, No. 44:105-106; mamanwa [the sky was low; the old woman told her daughter to break rice; her pestle hit the sky; the old woman asked for the sky to rise; so it happened, but the old woman died]: Eugenio 1994, No. 47:108; bukidnon [the old maiden destroyed rice with a comb and necklace in the sky; the pestle rested against the sky, she hit the sky harder, it rose; the crest became the moon, beads necklaces with stars]: Cole 1916:124 (=Eugenio 1994, No. 62:125); tirurai: Eugenio 1994, No. 48a [a woman cut rice on a hill, hit the sky; wished the sky to rise, the earth to fall; so and it happened], 161b [the woman broke the rice, touched the sky with a pestle, then it moved away from the ground]: 109, 307; moro [the sky was so low that when the sun passed its way, everyone hid in houses from the heat; the moon and stars were taken to play with them, then put them back; one woman destroyed rice, hit the sky with a pestle, it rose]: Eugenio 1994, No. 48b: 109; blaan [woman destroyed rice by hitting pestle into the low sky; asked him to come up; remembered that she put a bag with a baby in the sky; became a bird whose screaming meant asking him to return the bag]: Eugenio 1994, No. 48d: 110-111; subanon [ the man was breaking rice, he was tired, he threw the pestle up, the sky rose]: Eugenio 1994, No. 48e: 111; tboli [the supreme god d'Wata and his sons dug holes for the pillars of the house; from the excavated land of his wife Hyu We and Sedek We sculpted human figures; H. did the right thing, and S.'s nostrils were open upwards and their genitals were on her knees; S. began to destroy rice, hit the sky with a pestle, it moved away from the ground; S. and H. quarreled, H. hit the figures sculpted by S., their noses and genitals got to where they are now; H. wanted to place the figures on the moon so that they would always be children; S. wanted to place them on a stone so that they were hard as a rock; H. disagreed, turned away, then S. put it on a banana; so people multiply like bananas and die; D. revived the figures by blowing on them]: Eugenio 1994, No. 182:307-308; Philippines ( ethnicity is not a decree.) [the supreme god Maca aco placed a man and a woman in two compartments of bamboo trunks; when Gorlinka sat on bamboo, they went outside; Macalinog ("earthquake") allowed them to marry, they come from people; they began to crush rice and with long rice cutters pushed away the sky that was formerly near the ground]: Povedano Manuscript 1572, in Eugenio 1994, No. 191a: 316-317.

China - Korea. Miao [the sky was low, covered with a burden of brushwood, a pestle of rice; his great-grandfather picked it up, placing incense wood supports in the four corners; stretched out colored canvases to make them colorful clouds and colorful stones; made the sun out of gold, the moon out of silver, stars from colored stones; dwarfs live underground, whose eggshells serve as vessels; giants live in the sky]: Schotter 1911:326.

The Balkans. Bulgarians: Marinov 2003:25 [the peasant plowed, chasing four oxen with a long chirp; he hit the sky with them, God pushed the sky aside], 25-26 [the man folded a haystack, he rested on the sky, the man kicked the sky with a pitchfork, it moved away]; the Serbs [the sky was low; it moved away after the woman, putting bread in the oven, hit the sky with a shovel]: Janković 1951:23; (cf. Hungarians [before humans appeared, the sky was close to the ground; when God saw birds flying against it, he shoved it off with all his might with a stick and it rose to its current height]: Erdész 1963:57-58).

Volga - Perm. Chuvashi [the sky moved off the ground after the mower hit it with a pitchfork]: Messarosh: 77-78 in Denisov 1969:120.