C30. Impossible condition.
(.11.-.17.22.-.24.26.27.29.-.36.)
To get rid of the obligation, the character sets a condition for something formally logical and simple, but really impossible.
Bantu-speaking Africa. Bulu [a man will give his daughter only to someone who brings water in a basket; a turtle goes with a basket to the river; says he will bring water if he gives her a carrying strap of smoke; the person agrees pass off a daughter as a Turtle]: Schwab 1914, No. 6:269; nyanja [a clever poor brother advises a rich man to declare that he no longer works; the brother refuses, he is a blacksmith; the chief sends him a lot of iron, tells you to turn all this into products in a day, otherwise he executes it; a clever brother advises that the blacksmith complain about the lack of water in the well; if the leader's men fill the pot with tears, water will immediately appear; this is not succeeded, the leader did not execute the blacksmith]: Holland 1916:121-122; ganda [the king orders the leader of the blacksmiths Walukaga to make a living iron man; friend V. advises asking for a thousand to be prepared carts of coal made from burnt human hair and a hundred vessels filled with tears instead of water; people shaved, burned their hair, but the ashes were scattered; tears dried; the king refused the demand]: Roscoe 1911:484-485 (=Arnott 2000:121-125; =Radin 1952, No. 20:85-86); Kaguru [the giant tells the blacksmith to forge a woman in 8 days, otherwise he will eat him on the ninth day; he forged it, but the woman is not alive; the maternal uncle first refuses to give advice, then advises to ask the giants to collect a vessel of tears to wash the bride; they fail, the blacksmith says that an iron woman cannot be revived either; a giant leaves]: Beidelman 1971, No. 7:25-27; Comorians [animals chose the Elephant as their leader; decided to dig a pond to collect rainwater; The hare refused to work - he has enough water; Donkey, then the Sheep remains to guard , The hare promises them sweet water, binds them, uses a pond; The turtle smears the shell with glue, the Hare climbs into the pond, sticks, he is brought to trial by the Elephant, imprisoned; he tells the watchman that the mountain falls, asks for a hold, runs away; caught again, put in a hut where everyone brings their crap; The hare proves that there was no agreement to bring urine, released; (cf. Khmer)]: Haring 2007, No. 51:101 -102.
West Africa. Kono [contrary to the ban, the Spider cultivated the field on the slopes of the sacred mountain; the spirits demanded that the field be moved to another location; the Spider agreed, requiring the spirits to remove their traces from the field]: Holas 1975:248; Sicon [the peasant set up a field in the forest, planted cassava; the deer began to spoil it; replied to the peasant that this was his land and he always went here; the peasant agreed to leave the field if the deer could remove its tracks from the ground; the deer failed; agreed with the peasant that he would clean the field after the deer made it rich; told him to sleep on a rock at night; stole cola nuts from the chief and brought him to the rock; the servants followed the trail, grabbed the peasant, threw him into prison; rats appeared, the man killed them; a snake crawled out, ordered her to give her rats; promised to bite the leader's son for this, he would die; gave three leaf: they will revive the boy; the man revived, the chief rewarded him and brought him closer]: Pinney 1973:277-280; Vai [the woman promises to give her daughter only for someone who builds a house on a rock (this is impossible, because this is impossible. you need to dig in poles); the young man is ready to fulfill the condition, but asks to cook crabs for him; is outraged that the shells are tough and crunch on his teeth; the judge admits that it is as impossible to build a house on a rock as make the shell soft, decides in favor of the young man, he gets a wife]: Ellis 1914, No. 10:192-193; goals: Pinney 1973 [a woman promises a daughter to someone who cuts down a tree with wood as strong as iron and will build a house out of it on a rock; the hare undertakes to do it, but asks the woman to cook the crabs so that they are completely soft; the woman cannot; the hare: it is also impossible to cut down this tree and build a house on a rock]: 45-46; Westermann 1921, No. 16 [a woman promises to give her daughter only for someone who will build a house on a rock (this is impossible because you have to dig in poles); the young man asks to cook crabs for him; indignant that claws tough; the girl's mother says that the claws cannot be made soft; the young man replies that the stone too; gets a wife]: 91; mosi [the lazy son of a peasant became a barber; when resting under a tree, a dirty shaggy spirit appeared; despite his objections, the young man cut his hair and washed his hair; the spirit demanded that he put his hair back; the young man could not, rushed to run, the spirit with the sword followed him; the young man ran to his father's field; the father told the spirit that he had the right to kill his son, but he must remove his traces and smell from his field without a trace; the spirit rushed to run, the father with his sons and dogs after him; On the edge, the spirit became invisible and has remained so ever since, and the former barber became a good peasant]: Mariko 1984:115-117.
Sudan - East Africa. The Nubians [the king tells the man to build a house out of sand, his daughter advises him to ask the king to dissolve the sand in the water first; the same: count the stars (let him gather them together); build a wall of ash ( let him mix ash with water); the king demands the girl to him; she tells her father to dress up a jar of honey in her clothes; the king tries to hug the girl, then is angry that she is silent, cuts the vessel with a sword, thinks that the girl had honey instead of blood]: Hohenwart-Gerlachstein 1979, No. 1:82-83; amhara [the man bet that by morning he would say how many elbows the earth stretches from sunrise to dusk; the wife tells stick a pole and say how many elbows from it to the east and how many to the west, and whoever does not believe, let him count; the Negus found out about the bragger, called him, and when he found out that his wife had found the answer, he demanded her; the wife called the Negus to visit, put bowls, each with only dust under the lid; explained that women are all the same and would also turn to dust; only a faithful heart is valuable; the Negus gave the owners and left them alone]: Tyutryumova 1991:25-29; Somalis [Arravelo got married, had children, but wanted to do men's activities; asked women to do nothing around the house for three days; when men started studying women's affairs, women took possession of weapons, castrated men; sage Odey Bikay managed to hide in the forest; A. sent him to kill, but he convinced the castrates not to do so, it will still come in handy; A. orders to build an arch the size of a rainbow; OB advises to specify the size of the rainbow; A. realizes that a man remains uncrowded; OB was planted on a strong camel so that A. could not notice that he was carrying something heavy; bring a skin with hair on both sides - a donkey's ear; bring curiri fruits (healing) on a camel, but do not pack the camel; OB: let the camel lie in wet clay, the fruits will stick to the skin; A. bathed in the only well; camels had to wait for her to wash her little finger, many died of thirst; after the death of her husband, A. gave birth to a girl; she gave birth to a son with OB; persuaded A. not to kill him; he went to OB, he taught him to kill A. with a spear; power passed to men, daughter A.'s son was the leader; women resigned themselves]: Hanghe 1988:132-140 (=Capchits 1997, No. 55-60:55-60 {so!} ; referred to in El-Shamy 2004, No. 981B: 685); (cf. The Masai [Masai came to live in the country of the Arincon people, where pastures are good; they have a giant strong leader, it is dangerous to fight them; A. began to set impossible conditions, otherwise let the Maasai leave; boy finds solutions; 1) bring fresh milk (bring a cow whose calf has died and milk it immediately); 2) make a sandal with wool on both sides (donkey ear sandal); 3) bring calebas with live fleas (fill it with chopped donkey hair, the wind blew it into A.'s face, it seemed like fleas were jumping); 4) bring a metal toothbrush; the boy demands a club that should not be broken, sends to a special tree; the Masai speak allegorically; then they explain that we are talking about this toothbrush, they kill A. with a club, their remnants are Masai; it was assumed that the fifth requirement would show road to heaven]: Kipury 1983, No. 9:42-44).
North Africa. Tunisia [The king has seven sons, he thought they were interfering with his subjects, and he imprisoned them in a palace. A maid brought them food. Just bread and water, but she felt sorry for them and started bringing them tasty and tasty food. She once told the king that his children had stopped eating and she did not know what was wrong with them. Then the king decided to marry them. He dressed them like a king, gave them each an apple. The princes threw apples. For one, it pointed towards the vizier's court, the other towards the court of a noble man, and so everyone decided on the bride, except for his younger brother. There was no way he could find his apple. Six got married and gave them a gift from the king of the palace, while the youngest was left alone. One day he went hunting and saw his apple, and a frog stuck to him. He wanted to unhook it, but he didn't succeed, so he threw the apple and the frog under the bed. When he left, the frog shed its skin and turned into a beautiful girl. She did all the household chores and went back under the bed. This went on for several days. When the prince returned, he thought it was the neighbors' wives who had decided to help him. He went to thank his neighbors, but it turned out they weren't them. Then he turned to the sheikh. He advised him to hide and see what was going on in the house in his absence. So the prince saw the beauty, burned her frogskin, married her and got his own house. Once the king decided to visit his son and daughter-in-law. When he saw his daughter-in-law, he wanted to get rid of his son and marry her himself. He ordered the prince to make a burnus out of a piece of marble. The frog told her husband to go to his father, take a sandbasket with him, and ask him to make silk threads out of sand. The king admitted that his son overcame his ordeal. He ordered the army to be brought in and the entire army fed with "musarrad". The frog made a couscous, then added the king's musarrad and his handkerchief to it and told her husband to say: "For the hungry!" This is how he fed an entire army. The third task is to bring a talking baby. The frog sent her husband to her sister, who had just given birth. She said to the baby, "The one who came for you is your aunt's husband, and whoever you're going to talk to wants to kill your aunt's husband and marry your aunt himself." She said that and handed him a sword. The prince took the baby to the king. The baby said to him, "We speak and we want words over words, and we cut off your head." A baby cut off the king's head]: Al-Aribi 2009, No. 45 in Korovkina MS
Southern Europe. Basques [the devil promises a man to do all the work in 8 days if he gives him his soul; the man tells his wife about this; she pulls his hair off his head and tells her husband to ask the devil for him straighten it out; the devil could not, threw his hair into the fire, disappeared]: Barandiaran 1962b:101.
Western Europe. The French (Gascony) [after learning about the noble man's deep knowledge, the king demanded him and ordered him to find answers to three questions in 8 days: how long does it take to travel around the world, how much the moon weighs and where is the middle of the world; otherwise he will hang; a noble man tells the miller everything; he takes his money, puts on his clothes, goes to the king instead of him; if you climb into the sun, the earth you can go around in 24 hours and let the king reach the stairs; the moon consists of 4 quarters and weighs a pound, here's the scales, the king can check; the center of the world is in the center of this circle, the king can check; the king asks a new question: what is he thinking now; miller: the king thinks he is talking to a noble man, and a miller is in front of him]: Arnaudin 1967, No. 21:216-220.
Western Asia. The Arameans [(The Tale of Ahikar Premudr; apparently created in Assyria in the 7th century BC; the oldest fragments of the 5th century BC in Aramaic were found on Elephantine among Jewish documents military colony; the oldest Syrian copies of the 12th-15th centuries AD; the Syrian version formed the basis for translations and alterations in Arabic, Ethiopian, Armenian, Romanian, Slavonic); Pharaoh commands the sage Akhikar solve the riddle; there are 12 cedars on the pole, each has thirty wheels, each wheel has two ropes - white and black (year, 12 months, 30 days, day and night); tells you to weave five ropes out of sand; A. asks for one rope from the warehouses as a sample; he refuses; then A. drills 5 holes in the wall, sprinkles sand into it, rays of light intertwine like a twisted rope; A. asks that these ropes be taken, and he will weave others; Pharaoh orders to sew a broken millstone; A. asks to cut off the missing pieces for the upper millstone; the pharaoh gives A. the Egyptian serve in three years]: Belov, Wilsker 1960:29-30; mehri [when dying, the father tells his son to marry in Hilal for a hundred dirhams; the son mortgaged the house and the slave, received 95; borrowed 5 from the moneylender; if he does not return it in a year, he has the right to cut off the debtor's body as much flesh as 5 dirhams; in two houses, a young man is told that their daughter is not worth 100 dirhams; in the third, they give her daughter; he brings her home, builds a hut; she tells her to sell her jewelry for these money to buy the house and the slave, and there will be more; tells her to buy a carpet and invite guests; sends her husband to trade, stays with the slave; three men promise her money for love; she shaves off her first beard burns his crotch with a ring; he tells his friends that the pleasure was 300 dirhams; the same with the other two; they decide to find her husband; told the Sultan that they gave this man money, but he did not return it; they took his ship; he became a baker; his wife came disguised as a man, promised to pay his debt if he allowed him to see his wife; he refused; he agreed a third time; she took his beard as collateral , belt and staff; comes to the Sultan: if those three have a stigma in their crotch, execute them, and if not, execute me and the baker; those three were executed, the Sultan returned the ship and property to the man; at home, the wife speaks with her husband, everything is explained; that moneylender appeared, demanded man's flesh; the sultan agrees; the wife in the guise of a sheriff appeared unrecognized on horseback; offered 1000 dirhams, but the moneylender refused; the imaginary sheriff: if you cut more weight, let that man cut off as much from you; the moneylender took 5 dirhams; as a reward, the imaginary sheriff took a man's ring; at home, his wife showed it to her husband; the Sultan's husband showed it a gem; the vizier said that he gave this stone to the man's wife, with whom he slept; the sultan arrested the man; the wife ordered to make silver shoes, brought one, said that the second the vizier stole; he swore that he had never seen this woman in his life; she said that she was the wife of the one he had convicted; the sultan executed the vizier, let the man go]: Müller 1907, No. 19:73-87.
South Asia. Jataki [the king demands a sandrope; the wise man advises asking for a sample of such an old rope to know how thick it should be]: Jataki 2003 (Jataka 546): 308; Kashmiris [King Akbar tells two close associates to count the waves in the river; a Muslim cannot do it, fired; the Hindu Bir Bal asked the king to give him money and soldiers; placed soldiers along the river with ordering to fine any boat passing by for disrupting the natural flow of the river and discounting the waves; says A. that it was not possible to count the waves, but brings bags of money; A. his rewards]: Haughton 1913:293; Nepali [lazy son married, is going to beat his wife; she tells him to earn money first, gives 100 rupees; he enters the one-legged house; he demands his leg, supposedly Loaned to the father of the person who comes, agrees to take 50 rupees for now; the second 50 people give, staying with a one-eyed man; then spends the night with an old woman; she argues: if her chicken sings with a rooster in the morning, the person who comes will become her slave, and if not, will take her property; the person does not know that a basket of rooster is hidden under the chicken basket; becomes a slave; the wife goes to look for him; says to the one-legged that the father-in-law has many legs folded, let the owner give the second one to try on which one he is; he is forced to return 50 rupees; the same for the one-eyed; understands the conversation between the chicken and the rooster, replaces the baskets; the old woman is forced give everything away, husband does not beat his wife]: Sakya, Griffith 1980:130-133; Telugu [Balaramaya was a village strongman, Madhavaya is weak but smart; the village chief wants to marry his son to the daughter of a rich man; he replies that his daughter will not be able to pull the jug out of a deep well; everyone laughs at the rich man; he suggests that the elder make a rope out of sand to tie a jug for it; M. advises to say that he would make a rope if the rich man's daughter scoops water with a sieve, otherwise the rope would not stand it; the wedding took place, Madhavaya was respected; in the vicinity of the devils pishachi; M. teaches his wife to tell the children to they did not cry, for their father would soon bring them pishachi; the pishachi are running away]: Zograf 1964:267-272.
Burma - Indochina. Khmer [the harlot wins a dispute against the king, gets the right to relieve her great need for the royal throne; she is told that the treaty does not allow her to urinate on the throne]: (Gorgoniev 1973 or Marunova 1972); ahem [a childless woman wants to go to the monks to ask for a child; everyone refuses to transport her across the river; she builds a stupa by a tree out of sand, asks the tree to give her three children to take revenge on those in power, monks and elders; gives birth to three children, dies; the eldest is Aay CaaLaay ("liar"; A.); he was adopted by husband and wife; he feathered a bunch of crap, asked for an foster the father to catch the bird, he smeared himself; the same with the adoptive mother; they left it to be eaten by the tiger; A. asks the tiger not to eat it - he will show where to steal the pig; they carry the pig on a stick; A. let the tiger carry that part of the trunk, where the thorns, ordered not to moan, otherwise the food will become bitter; the tiger moans; A. shows the star, sends the tiger there for fire, at this time he makes a fire, cooks meat, lays it for himself, in a part for the tiger put bitter fruits; the tiger returns without fire, A. sends him to make spoons for leaves, poured white on the leaves himself so that the tiger thinks it was from birds (and looked for it longer); the tiger eats bitter meat is because he moaned on the way; A. prepares pig testicles, says he cut off his genitals; the next day the tiger agrees to have A. cut off his testicles; when A. climbs a tree, the tiger sees that everything is in place; A. throws the fruits away while the tiger picks them up, manages to go down and run away; tells the girls that a tiger is coming, they threw their clothes, A. put them on, the tiger did not recognize him; the same with women and children; with men who cut straw; every time A. asks to show the wound, pokes hot smut at it, splashes hot juice, stabs it with straw; jumps into a hole; tells the tiger that the sky is falling, let him jump; just let him not push him up, or the sky will crush him; stabs the tiger with a needle, he pushes A. out of the hole, A. stoned him; tells the peasants that a tiger has fallen into the hole; they ran to the hole, A. burned the village, hiding meat and rice; says that wherever his spear and arrow go, there is meat and rice; shows that people believe, throw spears, but find nothing else; they catch A., hang them in the basket on a tree to later knock a tree into the river; a man with a gong was walking by, his eyes hurt, A. convinced him to change places - his eyes would recover; people knocked down a tree, the man drowned; A. says that in the river met his deceased parents, they asked him to take whatever he wanted, he took the gong; everyone jumped into the water and drowned except an old woman with an empty calebass; A. smashed the calebas with a stone, the old woman also drowned; A. told the governor that his wife fell off the roof, and to his wife that her husband had been wounded by a boar; they ran to look for each other, collided with their foreheads; the governor expelled A. three blows to the slit gong, and A. measured three lengths of the gong, built a house there; the governor's children relieved themselves at A.'s house; A.: let them poop or pee, but not both; governor: try it yourself! A. emptied his bladder, tied his penis, put a pile in the governor's house; he ordered to go where the earth turned upside down; A. built a house on the field where they plowed with a plow; the hunchback came, carrying vessel on her back; A.: look, there are two suns in the sky; she looked, the vessel fell and broke; people filled bamboo vessels with intestinal gases, came to A. not knowing it was him; he fed them buffalo manure and arranged them to open their vessels under their noses]: Lindell et al. 1978, No. 3:50-62.
South Asia. Sindhi [the poor peasant asks the loan shark in vain; has been starving with his wife for four days; four wanderers come, no one wants to shelter them; the peasant sheltered; the wife sends to the moneylender; he agrees to give money if the peasant returns it tomorrow at noon or he cuts off a pound of his flesh from him; the guests bless the peasant, promising to help; the peasant does not have time to bring money to the moneylender; on the way, the peasant threw a stone at the camel that was poisoning the crops, he died; pushed the child, who fell dead; tripped over the sleeper, he died; all four took the peasant to court king; in each case, the peasant is defended by one of those four guests, turns the case so that the accuser himself pays the peasant 100 rupees; let the moneylender cut off exactly a pound of flesh, and if more or less, will be punished; let the camel owner kill the camel with a stone, otherwise he will give 10 camels; let the father of the deceased child give his wife to the peasant, who will give birth to a new one, and when he grows up, let the father take his wife and child (he naturally refuses the offer); let the brother of the deceased jump off the wall himself; the farmer returns with 400 rupees]: Schimmel 1995, No. 18:118-126.
Malaysia-Indonesia. Dusun (Tempassuk) [the widow gives birth to a boy Ginas, leaves him in a box, who grows up in three months; kills other people's pigs; the Raja demands that G. make the waves quiet; G. sends him sand to weave a rope to catch the waves; the Raja tells him to wash his hands without soaking the mattress on which he is sitting; G. splashes water into the Raja's face, gives him a mirror; the Raja sees that he is ugly and leaves one-eye throne boy, wife, daughter]: Evans 1913:468-469.
China - Korea. Koreans: Cho 2001, No. 128 [a girl marries rich Lee, rejecting his poor friend Kim; K. goes to work, gets rich; Lee is impoverished, went into debt, came to ask K. for money; he gives money secured by a pound of flesh L.; L. cannot pay; the judge's daughter offers a solution: K. can take flesh but not blood; the judge is made famous]: 248-249; Park 1991 [the Emperor of China ordered the King of Korea load the river water on the ship, send it to China; the Prime Minister advised to ask the emperor for sand masts]: 29.
The Balkans. Ancient Greece [a story from the Aesopian cycle; owner Aesop promises to drink the sea; E. advises to ask first to separate seawater from the water of rivers flowing into the sea]; Gagauz people [man sold his soul to Devil; when the Devil comes, his wife offers him to straighten her pubic hair; the devil can't do it, it bursts]: Moshkov 2004:205; Bulgarians [the tsar ordered the extermination of the old men; one the boyar hid his father; no one can go around the royal horse; the healer advises to tie him with a rope of sand; the tsar tells the boyars to bring a rope; the boyar's father tells his son to answer that to weave the rope it is possible, but a sample (of what thickness and color) is needed; the tsar agrees not to execute the boyars; next time he orders to get grain in hunger and drought; the father advises to dig anthills, ants collected grain by grain; the boyar confesses who his adviser is, the tsar orders to honor the elderly]: Karaliychev, Todorov 1969 (4): 102-106 (=Klyagin-Kondratyeva 1951:141-143); Macedonians [in one country it was a custom to leave the elderly in the mountains to starve; the son wanted to leave his father in one place, but he asked to take him further - this is where he once left his father; the son decided to bring his father home; the king wanted to cancel this custom; ordered everyone who still has a father and everyone who no longer has a father to make a chain of sand; the young man's father told him to answer: I will make a chain if the king gives a sample; the king ordered me to tell who told the young man answer this way; forbid killing old people]: Martin 1955:111-120; Moldovans [the tsar wants to marry his son to an intelligent girl; she must come neither on foot, nor on horseback, nor by air, nor by land, nor with a gift , neither without, nor undressed, nor dressed; she sewed clothes out of mesh, sat on a lame hare, tied a pigeon in a handkerchief (the gift immediately flew away); the king gives three reels of thread to make clothes for all the people; the girl asks the prince to make weaving tools out of three twigs; the prince did not find a bride, and the girl married a poor boy]: Moldovan tales 1968:215-218.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. Kalmyks [khan wants to find an intelligent wife for a fool's son; it rained, two girls ran home, the third covered the dung with beshmet and drove the calves away from the cows (so that they would not suck milk); beshmet got wet, but I'll dry it by the fire; Khan: how many dung are there in the bag? girl: as long as your horse stepped from the palace to our kibitka; the khan orders to make koumiss from bovine milk, sew the kibitka with ashes; the girl covered the kibitka with matting and burned it, put up a pole ( it means that someone is giving birth in the house); Khan: How can a man give birth? girl: in the khanate, where koumiss is made from bovine milk, maybe; the khan orders to ride a two-headed horse not along the road or along the steppe, upon arrival, sit not inside the kibitka or outside; daughter tells her father to come on a stallion mare, ride along the side of the road, sit outside at the doorstep with kibitki felt over his back; the khan ordered him to come next time with a bag for gold and an arcana for horses; the bag will not be filled in any way, You can catch as many horses as you want with an arcana; girl: a bag of human eyes, you have to add sand to fill it; a lasso from a human vein; to shrink it, you have to burn one end; khan married son on this girl; fell ill; told his son to catch up with the tumbleweed, ask him where he would spend the day and night; the wife ordered to answer: we must ask the ravine and the wind; the khan tells his son to bring a horse with two heads that look in different directions; wife: bring the stallion mare, the foal's head is pointing back; the khan died quietly]: Dzhimbinov 1962:149-152 (=Vardugin 1996:471-473); Abkhazians [tsar promises a daughter to whoever drains the sea; Serim undertakes to do so, but tells the king to drain the rivers that flow into the sea first; receives a princess; at a feast tells his dairy brother Kerim to give a piece of meat to whoever is his loves more; he gives half to the dog, eats the other himself; the wife is insulted, leaves; S. beats K. and the dog; K. says he did the right thing: dogs love S., although they were beaten, and the wife left angry because of a trifle; S. buys all the cattle, the king is starving, returns the princess to Serim, giving a large dowry]: Gulia 1909:30-32; Abaza [the princess did not give the poor girl Fatimat salt; she grew up from revenge told the princess that the prince ordered to cook a bakhsym (intoxicating drink) without malt; the prince came with the guests, no one began to drink bakhsym; the prince orders either to find the girl or take off the skin from the stone, otherwise He will cut everyone; F. tells his father to ask the prince to slaughter the stone first; now the prince demands to sew a hat and white mittens from the hemp stem; F. tells us to ask for a loom from the stem hemp; the prince orders that whoever comes up with such answers come and not come, dressed and undressed, on horseback or on horseback, with the chest full and incomplete; F. sewed a transparent dress, came on horseback on the goat, tied two birds with one stone to it, put a bird in a tiny chest; the prince let the dogs down, they chased the hare; he lowered the last one, it chased the second, the bird flew out - the chest was full, but became empty; the prince received F., she cooked Bakhsym, gave the prince drunk, brought her father to his house, he returned to his home in the morning]: Tugov 1985, No. 89:267-272; Kabardian people: Aliyeva, Kardangushev 1977: 32-33 [the boastful horseman promised to drink the sea; friends promised to give him their horses in this case; the servants were approaching, the servants were approaching, the horseman does not know what to do; the neighbor advises to go to the sea but ask friends to stop the rivers that flow into him; friends recognized him as the winner of the dispute], 37 [returning from an unsuccessful campaign, the prince ordered the old servant to remove the skin from the stone; the daughter advised him to invite the prince first stab the stone so as not to remove the skin from the living; the prince married her]; the Nogais [all living creatures gathered to equate the Devil with animals; the Owl whispered something in her daughter's ear, she said that when the Devil rides the haze and the oil makes fire, the devil will become an animal; he could not; the Eagle married his son to the Owl's daughter, the Owl refused, hid it in the west, the Hedgehog indicated the place, the son of the Eagle I found it, they fell in love with each other; the owl cut off her nose in grief, since then she has been snub]: Ganiyeva 2011a, No. 67:187-188; Dargins [the poor mother's son brought the only chicken as a gift to the rich man; he tells him to divide it; the young man gives his head to the rich man, his heart to his wife, wings to his sons, legs to his daughters, keeps the rest for himself; receives half a bag of gold as a reward; the neighbor wants more gold brings five chickens; he does not know how to divide, one of his daughters and he did not get anything himself; a rich man calls yesterday's poor man; he gives one chicken to his husband and wife (three), one to two brothers (three), one to two sisters (three), keeps the remaining two (also three); receives half a bag of gold; the nuker says that the rich man will go broke, he goes to take the gold; asks the poor man where the middle of the earth is; he tells first give him his horse, gun and clothes; shoots a nuker under his feet, he runs away, comes to serve another rich man; advises him to demand half a herd from the first rich man: because his stallions are screaming, mares foals brought a neighbor; a rich man calls the former poor man; he with five nukers comes to the village of the second rich man, tells him to kill all the dogs: they dispersed the wolves of another village; if this is not possible, then mares did not necklace because of the laughter of stallions; the rich man demands to sew an iron fur coat, the poor man tells you to make iron threads; rich man: you are still beard; poor man: take a long-bearded goat; the first rich man gave poor daughter]: Aliyeva 2013, No. 31:144-147; taty [poor young man is hired by Shah Abbas's tailor; dreams how he grabbed the moon with one hand, the sun with the other, put the sun on his knees; refuses tell a dream to the owner, and the Shah himself, is thrown into a hole; eats the ground and digs a passage, ends up in the chambers of the padishah's daughter, eats there, kisses the sleeping woman; next time the beauty sprinkles salt on the wound, does not sleep; says that Padishah Chimechina ordered to find out what apple of the present, what is the past, what is the harvest before last; if they do not guess, he will take the padishah's daughter; the young man promises to guess if the padishah's daughter is given to him; He guesses by putting apples in a bucket of water: the older the apple, the lighter; the mullah wanted to avert the wedding and get a princess for his son, but the young man quietly pushed him off the minaret; the wife gave birth to a son and daughter; Padishah Cimechin summons the young man to him, orders him to sew beshmet out of marble; Padishah Chimechin's daughter advises to bring pebbles, ask his father to make threads out of them, then he will sew beshmet; young man comes back, the dream is explained: the sun and moon are his children from the princess]: Kukulla 1974, No. 15:123-129; Georgians [the peasant plowed, found a golden mortar; daughter does not order to give it to the king, peasant gave it, the king demands a pestle; the peasant laments, the king orders his clever daughter to be brought to him; tells her to come not naked, dressed, not on foot, not on horseback; the girl wrapped herself in a net, tied her to a donkey; the king returned the mortar, married the girl; the shepherd's mare necklace, the other stole the foal, tied his bull to his leg; the king decided in favor of the thief; the wife advised the victim to start throwing a net on in a dry place in front of the palace: if there are no fish on land, then the bull did not give birth to a foal; the king decided to separate from his wife, but allowed him to take what was dear to her; she drank him, brought him to his father's houses: you're all for me more expensive; the tsar did not separate from his wife]: Kurdovanidze 1988 (2), No. 109:189-193; Georgians [the servant condemns the king for his frivolous lifestyle, he decided to get rid of him; demands to drink the sea, calculate the distance from the ground to the sky, say what he thinks; the old man dressed in the clothes of a servant, came in his place; he would drink the sea if the king separated the water of the flowing rivers from him; he measured the distance, here is yarn, whom he measured, let the king check; the tsar thinks that his servant is in front of him, but he is mistaken; the tsar was embarrassed and fell in love with his servant]: Kurdovanidze 1988 (2), No. 156:309-310; Azerbaijanis [when a tailor woke up the disciple, who said that he had a dream that would tell only when the dream came true; the Shah overheard the conversation, demanded a dream, when refused, put the young man in prison; the young man dug entered the princess's chamber, ate pilaf, returned to the cell; the princess waited for the young man; fell in love with him; the neighboring shah threatens war; the princess teaches the young man what to do when he is called to give advice; for the right answer demand her hand; the enemy ambassador will draw a circle (our world) - divide it in half; he will put a bow on top - put a sword; fill in millet (he has so many warriors) - release the rooster, he will bite the millet; the shah sent three horses - which one is older? princess: let the mare go to the horses, they will follow her in order of seniority; which end of the stick is closer to the base - throw it into the water, the top will emerge first; the enemy shah ordered to send a guessman; ordered to sew a robe made of the rock; the Shah's daughter orders to demand a thread of sand; the tailor's apprentice took the daughters of both shahs, each gave birth to a boy; when the Shah came in, the son-in-law had one wife on the left, the other on the right, on both knees to son; he said he dreamed of a star on his knees and the moon falling on his head]: Akhundov 1955:266-271.
Iran - Central Asia. Vakhans [Orphan dreams of the sun on one side and the moon on the other; the grandmother does not tell me to dream, he is about the king's daughters; but Orphan spilled out, he was put in prison; he did in a hole in the wall, found herself in the royal daughter's room; secretly eats what the maid brings to the princess; the princess cut her finger, added salt, caught the thief; teaches Orphan to solve the problems that her father will ask, whoever decides will give his daughter; 1) distinguish a mare mother from a foal (she will run from behind); 2) what is in the chest (Orphan overheard: another chest); 3) make shirts and pants out of stones for an army; we must invite the king first thread sand into the needle; the tsar cannot, gives his daughter to Orphan]: Grunberg, Steblin-Kamensky 1976, No. 49:414-418.
Baltoscandia. Tikhvin Karelians, Southern Veps [popular stories about a sorcerer who asks the devil to make a rope out of sand, but he cannot]: Irina Yuryevna Vinokurova, personal message 04.04.11; Edda [Loki promises to give the dwarf his head, but he shouldn't hurt his neck]: Liungman 196:236
Volga - Perm. Comey [tailor Thomas is poor, his wife scolds him for this; Thomas: it is not the marsh mistletoe (demon) that will give money; mistletoe shows where the gold is, but for this F. must sew his entire tribe by the solstice; the wife carries black cloth to the mistletoe house, says that it got dirty on the way, before sewing, let the mistletoe wash; they still wash the fabric]: Plesovsky 1975:113-114.
Turkestan. Kazakhs: Bosingen 1985 [Shaitan invites his friend Khan to ask for whatever he wants; Khan asks for pastures, Shaitan agrees, gives people all the land; in response he asks for the Moon and Sun; no one knows what to do now; the old hedgehog comes, stumbles, laughs at her, she leaves, muttering something; the khan sends the vizier to eavesdrop; the Hedgehog says to ask Shaitan to make a rope out oil and catch a mirage in the steppe; Shaitan cannot fulfill the condition, turns the old woman into a hedgehog as punishment]: 85-87; Poyarkov 1891 [Damn eclipsed the sun; everyone gathered for advice, the Hedgehog did not come; Leo was sent to him. Tiger, Jackal; Hedgehog agreed to come if he was given reliable skin, if mice stopped eating it and he ate mice himself; everyone asked God to fulfill the Hedgehog's wish, he came to the council in a new skin; Hedgehog suggested telling the Devil to make leather out of sand, dratva oil, sew boots by noon; Damn it, he could not, he returned the sun; since then the hedgehog has been considered sacred]: 39-40; Potanin 1972, No. 7 [Jebrail Jalmouth The peigambar caught all the birds, made holes in their noses, put them on the lasso, was going to eat; Baigus remained; suggests D. make lasso from sunlight and cow oil; D. cannot, lets the birds go; Kazakhs do not catch Baigus]: 49-50; Kyrgyz [Damn angry and hid the sun; everyone is gathered for advice; the wise Hedgehog said that he is defenseless and cannot come; he is given a new skin with needles; he suggests ask the Devil to make leather out of sand and sew ichigi out of oil by noon; the sun has to free the line]: Brudny, Eshmambetov 1981:347; 1989:370-371; Uighurs [the old man accidentally pushed Khan, who orders to sew clothes out of stones; the daughter tells the khan to allow him to take a measure and cut off the sleeve of the robe with her hand; the khan gives 20 boiled eggs, tells the old man's daughter to sit their chickens; daughter with the father ate eggs, the daughter sends the khan a jug of stones - let him chew the chickens to feed; the khan demands that the girl come to him not by the road or in the field, not on foot or on horseback, dressed or naked, with gifts and without gifts; she came to the roofs of houses, wrapped in a fishing net, holding a goat between her legs, presented a sparrow, which immediately flew away; the khan forgave and rewarded the girl's father]: Aliyeva, Kabirov 1989:47-51.
Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Shors [older brother Maas ("gadfly") is rich, younger Arychak ("bee") is poor, he has a daughter Sholban ("Venus"), M. agreed to give her a calf, he gave him a big offspring, M. demanded not another calf, and the whole herd; both brothers came to Khan, who tells them to solve riddles; M.'s wife gives stupid answers, S. - wise (mother earth is fatter than fat, sun is faster than fast); Khan tells Sh. a mosquito leather fur coat, which in response demands to give her a thread of sand; Khan orders the bull to calve; S. collects grass, says that for the newborn, because her father gave birth; Khan marries Sh. became wiser; Khan goes with his son, tells him to shorten the road, he begins to draw on the ground; S. explains that Khan asked to talk to shorten the path]: Funk 2011 (2): 248-252; Khakas (Sagai people) [cf. H40 motif; having created the earth and man, God gives the moon and sun to Erlik Khan; it becomes dark; God gathers birds, tells us not to laugh if the Corncrake comes; the head of the birds Stork laughs; the corncrake was offended and left; sent Owl to overhear what the Corncrake was saying at home; Let Erlik Khan catch the echo of the rocks, his shadow, the tramp of a hundred horses; E. is forced to return the sun and moon because he could not fulfill God's requests]: Katanov 1963, No. 582:156-157; Khakas (Kachins) [God gathered a bird gathering to choose an official; the Corncrake was the last because it flies poorly; said that the Crane cannot be chosen, he He would not do anything; the crane broke his leg; they chose the big colorful bird Ala-Gus; God bet many people to his brother the Unclean, gathered the birds again; when the Corncrake, limping, entered, Ala-Gus laughed; The corncrake was offended and left; God sent the Swallow for him; the second time she overheard the Corncrake swear and said to invite the Devil to catch its reflection in the mirror or its shadow; The devil had to bring people back; God turned Ala-Gus into forty, divided her blue feathers among all birds]: Kuznetsova 1899, No. 2:148-149; Tuvans (Toja) [old man SMeldey tells his daughter that he will go to Ai- Khan to drink milk; she teaches what to do and how to answer; A.: 1) "In the middle of a blue lake, a sandalwood without a top, 15 branches are raw, 15 are dry"); if S. does not guess, A. tells him to cut off his arm and head (moon in the first and second half); 2) count the years of a polar bear with a black head (the daughter sewed three dried human skulls to her father's clothes on the right and left; the bear says he is 110 years old, and I have never seen such a seven-headed creature); 3) weave a rope of ash (weave it from a sedge, pull it between poles, set it on fire, it will be covered with ash, but will remain tight); A. tells S. to drive home 6 oxen, milk, cook tarak; daughter tells me to drive them into the pen, sits down to comb her hair in the morning; A. arrives, asks how much hair she has; she: how many steps your horse has taken; forbids entering the yurt - her father gives birth there; if the father cannot give birth, then how to get milk from oxen; A. tells S. to come with his daughter; writes the names of all living beings on the pole, and deliberately misses the falcon and the kite; S. I did not notice this, the daughter noticed; A. married daughter S. to his son; he came to Saryg Khan, who put gold and silver under his pillow, accused him of theft, crucified him on four stakes; sent him to his camp four soldiers; crucified A. asks to convey obscure words; daughter-in-law understands, orders to kill three soldiers, let one be a guide, go with the army; they release A., Saryg Khan was captured]; South Altai Tuvans [Haraat Khaan and Jechen Haan hate each other; DH has an unfit son; he left a sign on the ovaa with the inscription; the poor girl read it and said: If an eagle is painted, why write "kite" if a woman is drawn, why write "man"; khan decided that she is fit for daughter-in-law; khan: how many times did she stretch out her skin under a leather stick? girl: how many steps did your horse take? khan orders to latch a rope from the ashes; the girl burned the rope; khan: make tarak from bull's milk; girl: the father is now having labor pains; since a man cannot give birth, then the bull does not milk; khan: let the father will come and be neither inside nor outside, naked or dressed; the girl tells her father to wear pants, shirt and stockings and climb between the wooden lattice wall and the felt of the yurt; the khan tells the girl's father to count years of a bear's life; daughter tells me to bring her two skulls that have turned white in the sun; painted them red and tied them to her father's shoulders; bear: there are 75,000 trees on the mountain, and I'm 75 years old, but I've never seen one; find out hare age; daughter: smear honey and sugar on trees in a hare meadow; hare: 60,000 trees on the mountain, and I am 60 years old, but I have never tried such sweets; XX married my son to a girl; was captured; two heroes and XX was tied to iron stakes, XX was given one louse a day, heroes two lice; XX said that his people were warlike; to take prisoners, you must send his son a letter: you need to gather people with the lower reaches of a large river and from the upper reaches of a small river; the droppings of a sheep and a neutered goat are a value, it cannot be left; daughters-in-law say: let sheep and goats with horns go ahead, and without horns follow them; in front of 4 iron poplars with my doors; let two cut down and uproot two and bring them here; I win, I lie on 9 blue silk carpets, lean on 4 iron backs on all four sides of the world and eat every day sheep soup; son is going to saw poplars; daughter-in-law: gather warriors, they will need weapons sent to kill two at once, take two with them; the soldiers freed the khan and brought the loot]: Taube 1994, No. 39: 255-258; Buryats: Khangalov 1958a: 327-328 (Balagan) [the owner of the earth, Dadyn-Ezhin Daba-Noyon (but also Delhen-ezhin Diben-Sagan-Noyon) demanded from the sky Khan Khurmas (or Khurmas-Tengeri) the rays of the moon and the sun, promising to harm people if he did not comply with the requirement; feeling sorry for the people he created, with the participation of all other Western Tengrians, Hurmusta tried to catch the sun and moon rays, but suffered failure, convened all 55 Western Tengrias for the council; Zarya-Azarga was also present at the council; since the Tengrii Council did not figure out how to fulfill the demand of the land owner (Dadyn-Ezhin), ZA went home; He said on the road: "Hurmust's western sky has gathered all Western Tengarins for advice, and they can't figure out a way to catch the rays of the sun and moon, but this is impossible because on earth it will turn dark; they must come up with something that would force the land owner to renounce his demand; if they demand "dadyn-zhirelge" and "dalan miralga" from the landlord , then the owner of the land will not be able to get it and will then give up his demand." Those sent by H. to eavesdrop on what he would say FOR, who had a habit of thinking out loud, told H. the words of the hedgehog; Western Tengria followed the advice and demanded dadyn-zhirelge and dalan miralga from the owner of the land; he instructed the king of waters Uh-Lobson to send him Dalan Miralga, but he replied that he could not do it, and Dadyn-ezhin himself could not catch Dadyn-zhirelge and should have withdraw their demand], 328 (Kudins) [Esege-Malan-Tengari and the landlord became related through the marriage of their children; the owner of the land was visiting heaven Esege-Malan-Tengari; when he went home, he asked for the sun as a gift for the moon; EMT could not refuse; it became dark on earth; EMT sent for Zarya-Azorg, the latter being offended by the ridicule of 9 sons and 9 daughters of EMT, who laughed at because the hedgehog does not walk because it has no legs (?) , but rides; ZA left, blurted out his thought on the way, which EMT used; he went to visit the owner of the land himself; What should you give? says the owner of the earth; the horse from the spring reflection and the arrow from the echo; the owner of the earth could not fulfill the request, took the sun and moon out of the box and handed it to the guest]; Khangalov 1960 [High Sky ( Under Tengari) married the daughter of the Broad Earth (Ulgen Dalhey) for her son; the Earth demanded the Sun and Moon for her daughter, locked them in a box; the sky and earth became dark; the sky cannot to figure out a way to get the Sun and the Moon back; sent Zarya Azarga for the wise Hedgehog, ordered his 9 sons and 9 daughters not to laugh when he came in; ZA had no legs, rolled on the ground; sons and daughters, when they saw him, could not help laughing; ZA got angry, drove back; Heaven sent Hare, Deer, Ermine, Squirrel, Ferret to eavesdrop on what ZA would say; "Let sons and daughters The High Sky will descend to earth and become huts and ongons; in order to return the Sun and Moon, we must ask the Broad Earth for the Echo of the Forest and the Flickering of the Water; it will not be able to catch them, it will forced to give back the Sun and Moon"; the Hare overheard these words; as a result, the Sky received the lights back; 9 sons of the High Sky descended to earth, became western huts, and 9 daughters became ongons]: 11- 12; Sandschejew 1928 (Alar) [chief author in Bulut village in 1926; Sagadai is an old man, the main spirit of fire, all the fire spirits in the hearths are his descendants; Esege-Malan Tengri married his son Sagadai the daughter of Mr. Earth Bayan-Hangai; he demanded to the dawn moon and sun; EMT sent Sara-Sargaschi for the sage, warning his children not to laugh at when he would come; at the third invitation, the SS came; but the children became laughed, the SS was offended and left; began to wonder out loud why EMT would not guess to ask for all the waves running through the water as a dowry; the Eagle heard this, gave EMT; he asked for such a dowry, BH did not was able to collect the waves, he had to return the sun and moon]: 969-970; the Mongols [Khan Enh Amgalan swore that he would not refuse anyone's request; one beggar asks silk to wrap the whole world, the second rice to fill the sea, the third gold, to cover Mount Sumer; the councilor's eight-year-old son tells us to advise you to measure the earth to know how much silk you need; measure the depth and weight of the sea to know how much rice must be measured; measure Sumer; beggars have turned into a water meter (measures water), an earthworm (measures the earth), a spider (measures the mountain)]: Skorodumova 2003:42-45; Dagurs [young orphan Hanlimao - a wonderful hunter; chasing a deer, caught her alive, brought her home; in his absence, someone cooks and cleans; he suddenly returns, sees a deer turn into a girl; grabs her when she is going to become a deer again; she agrees to remain in the form of a man, to become the wife of H.; the king demands her for himself; the girl warns that the king will be in trouble; he orders to weave a net the size of river; the girl asks to specify the size of the river; the king does not know; demands to embroider all birds and animals on silk; the girl demands their image; the king demands to catch a hundred deer; the girl turns her deer into deer hairs; the counselor suggests sending H. to kill two terrible demons - a thousand-year-old white rabbit and a pheasant; the wife teaches that demons are afraid of smoke and fire; when he sees the heads of demons, the king leaves H. alone]: Bender, Su Huana 1984:126-138.
Western Siberia. The Nenets [a and Num are married to sisters; so Noom could not say no when he asked Num for the moon and sun to illuminate his dark home, where he came across the corners of seven-layer permafrost; darkness fell on the ground, animals began to die, bumping into trees and falling into pits; people asked Num to return the light; Yav'mal advised Num to visit a, return the luminaries by cunning; Num, referring to loneliness, asked his shadow as his companion; And he did not know that he had a shadow, was surprised to see it, agreed, but the shadow, despite persuasion and beatings, did not want to leave the owner; being offended, Noom snatched out the corners of the dungeon are the sun and the moon, brought them back to heaven]: Khomich 1966:198; the Eastern Khanty (Pim River) [God promises the Devil what he asks for; Damn takes the sun and the month; the son of God tells the father to ask his father The line is a shadow; he can't grab it, returns the sun and the month]: Kulemzin, Lukina 1978:69 in Lukina 1990, No. 3:64.
Eastern Siberia. Yakuts (Kolyma) [Ulu-Toyon sends his grandfather Sesen to marry Kyun Kys (Sun-Daughter) from Ai-Toyon; he asks for a mirage and a water swell in return; W. collects animals; the Wolf and the Raven promise to get it, they get the first long legs, the second vigilance for this; but they do not get it, they are still looking; and Kyun Kys gave birth to the sun]: Seroshevsky 1896:655-666.