Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

C39A. The sky was covered with ice. 26.

A hole in the sky or a crack in the ground has been covered with a piece of ice, so it's cold in the north (northwest, northeast).

Ancient China, Chinese (Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu).

China - Korea. Ancient China {Link to Min-chien chuan-shuo II, 29-30} [Chiang T'ai-kung is hooking fish; because his wife twisted the hook (krumm demacht hat), he caught the world's SE and NW fish corners of the world; because of this, the earth sank down; the gods repaired the cracks; the crack in the SV was covered with a substance that always causes a cold wind to blow from this direction]: Eberhard 1937, No. 66:111; Chinese (Jilin, Changchun City, informant from Wu. Yitong) [Gungong quarreled with Zhuzhong, but could not defeat him and hit Mount Buzhou with his head; the ground tilted to SE, and sea waters rushed there; the sky collapsed in the northwest, where it formed a big hole and small holes so that even the stars stopped standing in place and began to fall there; Nuiva built a huge furnace, melted five-color stones, fused them together and filled them they had a hole in the sky; however, the hole in the NW was too big and the stars continued to fall there; N. ran to Mount Kunlun, broke off several pieces of ice there, began to cover the sky in the NW; the hole filled , the stars stopped falling there, Nude went again to melt five-color stones; the sky in the NW was repaired, but the pieces of ice are still there; every time the wind blows NW, it brings cold with it; because the sky is NW not tightly imported, then some star, no, no, let it fall through holes between pieces of ice and five-color stones; these are meteors]: Zhou Yang et al. 1992, No. 1:1; Chinese (Liaoning; g. Fushun, Wanhua District, 44-year-old woman, primary education) [Mother Nuiwa collected a lot of stones, there was also a green building stone, repairing the sky by inserting stones into the walls; it remains to repair the northern one side, but there was no suitable stone, and she put in a piece of ice; on the ground, the old people saw this piece and thought that the ice would not withstand the streams from the sky and would fall, people would be crushed; people were desperate and became to work poorly; upon learning of this, the Jade Emperor and Tathagata pointed it out to N.; she blew blue air and finished repairing the sky; it is cold on the north side because a piece of ice is stuck in there; after the sky was repaired, there was nowhere to place the remaining two stones; N. went to Mount Huago and left them there; Mother Sivanmu ("mistress of the West") once stayed at these stones; the stones absorbed the rays the sun and the glitter of the moon split and a stone monkey jumped out of the two halves; it was the one who was named Sun Wukun (Monkey King)]: Liaoning 1994, No. 1:3; Chinese (Henan) [Pan-gu shared heaven and earth and has moved them apart for 18,000 years. His son Taishan Lao-Jun (=Lao Tzu) sat in his mother's womb for 80 years, asking him if the sky was ready. In the end, she lied to him, he ate her three ribs and got outside, saw that the sky was not ready, and there was a hole in the northwest. He sealed the hole with a piece of ice, so the wind coming from the northwest is cold. The piece of ice looked different from the rest of the sky, it looked ugly, and then Taishan Lao-Jun took off his blue robe and hung it on the sky, which turned evenly blue. The eight trigrams on the robe turned into the sun and moon, and the patterns turned into constellations]: Vol. 24:16-17; Chinese (Henan, W. Anyang) [In ancient times, the sky stood on five pillars, each holding its own turtle. One day, the water in the seas dried up, the turtles in the four corners were left without water, became angry, began to spin, and the pillars supporting the sky collapsed. Nuiva sent a heavenly spirit to cut off these turtles' legs and prop up the sky with them. However, holes remained in the sky, and through them black mist descended from the sky, causing people to die. Nuiva and his heavenly army used three hundred and sixty methods, patched the sky for three hundred and sixty years, but never finished. Eventually, the spirit of Venus suggested taking stones from Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, and Saturn, melting them and patching the sky with them. Nuiva went to the center, where the sky did not collapse, made a fire there, melted the stones and began to patch the sky with them. Because there were not enough five-color stones, a hole remained in the northwest corner, and Nuiva covered it with a piece of ice, so the northwest wind is cold and sometimes brings black clouds and hail with it. Nuiva finished patching up the sky, was very tired and began to look for a place to relax. She didn't like it anywhere, and as a result, she settled in a place where she melted five-colored stones. The slag left after Nuiva melted the stones turned into a mountain that kept warm. It was reaching the sky, and the Jade Lord sent thirteen dragons to cool it down. The dragons were icy, and when they got down to the mountain, it immediately cooled down. Even in the hottest summer, this place is cool, so people nicknamed it "Cool Mountain" (Qingliangshan)]: Zhou Yang et al. 2001b, No. 10:17-18; Chinese (Henan, Wu. Qixian) [It is said that Qixian is the center of heaven and earth, and in ancient times it was called the Middle Sky Village (Zhongtian). The village of the Middle Sky was located at the top of a mountain in the Middle Sky, and was only three tsunyas away from the sky. At that time, people were only seven to eight tsunis in height, and they did not touch the sky even when they climbed to the top of the Middle Sky Mountain. But the head of a Middle Sky village had four children, three Zhang each, who could go to heaven at any time. The elder's eldest son was Gungong, the second was Zhurong, the third was Qiren ("Irritating"), and there was also a beautiful daughter named Nuiwa. Gungun had red hair, a green face, fangs sticking out, looked very scary, and could spit water from his mouth, so everyone called him the "god of water." Zhuzhong had a big head and claws, his face was all red, and he could spit fire from his mouth, so he was called the "god of fire." Qiren and Nuiwa, on the other hand, were very beautiful and talented. The children also had different characters: Gungong and Zhuzhong were quick-tempered, Qiren was cowardly, and Nuiwa was very kind, intelligent and quick-witted. Gungun and Zhurong once quarreled over who would get the swan egg, fought for many days, but neither could win. Gungun spit water, and the flood flooded the ground, Zhuzhong spit fire, and the flame covered the sky. Many days later, Zhurong's exhaled fire turned the sky red hot and the water on the ground dried up. Gungun realized that things were bad and ran headlong west. Zhurong chased him, and Gungong inadvertently crashed into Mount Buzhou, which supported the sky, on which a Western Sky village stood, and it crashed. As a result, the western sky collapsed. The flood immediately began, and stones rolled. As a result, there were many rocks in the west that made mountains, and the flood waters flowed east to form the sea. When the sky fell, the cowardly Qiren went crazy with fear, stretched out his neck, widened his eyes, and started running along the mountain of the Middle Sky, shouting: "The sky has fallen! The sky has fallen!" Nuiva saw all this and was upset: how can people live? She walked around the mountains and collected several five-colored stones, melted them, and patched a hole in the western sky with them. Despite her fatigue, she returned to the Middle Sky Mountain and talked to Qiren for a long time, barely reviving him. A few quiet days passed and then the war between the Yellow Lord and Chi-yu began. The sky immediately turned dark, and Qiren, once again mad with fear, began to run from side to side, shouting: "The sky has fallen! The sky has fallen!" At some point, the Mid-Sky village was renamed Qixian. People got taller, and Qiren was still running around shouting, "The sky has fallen! The sky has fallen!" , which annoyed people a lot. As a result, they blamed Qiren for "worrying from scratch that the sky is falling" (a reference to a well-known story from Chuang Tzu - AT). One day, Qiren, like a blind man, crashed into the royal palace and Sky Observation Tower and destroyed them. The king got angry, took out his sword and cut it to pieces. It is said that the high mountain west of Qixian is Qiren's transformed remains. Note: The story of "Nuiwa patches the sky" is primarily common in the Wangushan Mountain area near Jiyuan City, Sidugang Hills in Sihua County ("Nuiwa City"), as well as in the Shangqiu and Qixian areas, and the second is in Anyang, Xunxiang, Xinzheng, etc. The plot of the story is generally similar. The method of repairing the sky is mainly using molten five-color stones, but sometimes it is covered with an ice block, covered with cloth or sewn with a needle and thread. In addition to Mount Qingliangshan mentioned above, traces of Niuwei's sky repair are found in several places in Henan Territory. Firstly, it is a layer of red-coated stones on Mount Wangushan near Jiyuan City; secondly, three Sidugang Hills in Sihua County, which locals say are ash left after melting the Nuwei stones; thirdly, it is a huge stone on Mount Fuhushan in Xunxian County, which locals call "mountain on the mountain" and which is said that when Nuiwa melted stones, she used 360 of them, and this one, because it was neither round nor square, threw it away. Because this stone was unusual, a grotto with 999 Buddha sculptures was carved into it during the Tang era and became known as the "Cave of a Thousand Buddhas"]: Zhou Yang et al. 2001b, No. 10a: 18-19; Chinese (Jiangsu ): Zhou Yang et al. 1998a, No. 3 (u. Hai'an) [many have heard that Mother Nuiwa patched the sky with molten stones; in fact, she melted ice and patched the sky not only in the northwest; when Pangu separated the sky from the ground, there were no pieces it was enough in the northwest and southeast; N. at first saw only a part of the sky from the NW and said: "Wrong! If there are holes in the sky, it could collapse. How will the people live then?" She came up with the idea of melting ice; ice is better than stones: when the sun shines on it, it shimmers in different colors; Matushka N. melted the five-color ice and patched the sky in the NW with it, and it became the same as everywhere; after that, Matushka N. turned around and saw that a piece of sky was also missing in SE; she had a kerchief on her head and patched the sky in the southeast with it; so the wind was cold and SE was warm: the sky the NW is made of ice, and from there it blows cold; the sky in SE is from Mother N.'s kerchief, and she keeps her warm and perspiration], 3 (y. Donghai) [Jiang Ziya (CC) was the youngest of 12 students; he defended Jie, but then went west and defended Wen Wen Wang; V. the state was called Zhou, and his last name was Ji, and his name was Wen-wang Ji Chan; he had one hundred sons, and Lei Zhenzu was one of them; ZC arrived in Xiqi and went to the Fishing Terrace (Diaoyutai) to fish; his hook was straight and only frightened the fish; that day he went to lunch, his wife came to replace him, saw that the hook was straight and bent it; he came back, continued fishing and caught a northwestern turtle; it is said that the 4 corners of the sky hold 4 feet turtles; when the turtle was caught, the sky fell on the NW; when the CC saw it, he let the turtle go back into the water, but it could not raise the NW sky to its previous height; then they began to say that Nuiva when she saw that the sky had collapsed, she melted stones to cover the sky; but she realized that it would take a long time to melt the stones, so she took a piece of ice from the NW river and patched it up the sky in the NW; how the wind will blow from NW, it immediately gets cold]: 4, 5.