C6c1. Birds: Successful and Unsuccessful Divers .35.36.42.46.
Two or more different birds (often a loon and a duck) dive successively to get the ground from the bottom. Only one can do it.
Forest Nenets, Mansi, Southern Selkups, Nganasans, Western Yakuts, Podkameno-Tunguska and Sym Evenks, Evens, Kvakiutl, Sheyens.
Western Siberia. Forest Nenets [at first there is water everywhere; Num sent swans and geese to look for land; they came back, said there was no land anywhere; sent Loon to dive; she returned to the sixth day, said that there was something at the bottom, but she did not have enough strength; the Luri bird dived, on the seventh day it came up with the ground and a stalk of grass in its beak; made a nest for itself; it was driven by the wind from one bank to the other; N. told the Lury to dive again, she returned seven days later; N. squeezed the ground, making it large enough to build a house; an old man came and asked him to be let in, N. reluctantly agreed; in the morning they saw that the old man was washing his face at the edge of the earth, but was really trying to destroy the earth; N. drove him away; made the earth even bigger; let various peoples, animals, trees appear, rivers, etc.; the old man returned, asked for at least enough land to stick a stick; N. agreed, the old man went into the hole, said he had deceived N., now he would steal people from him]: Lehtisalo 1998:8-9; Southern Selkups [recorded by I.N. Gemuev, 1980, an informant shamanil when he was young; "The Earth was the first to sink. God sent a loon, it didn't get anything. Gogol (porya) took out sand. This is our land. God let the snake go, then the bird, the speckles. And earlier - to a hoof. And the speckle frightened the hoof. The hoof began to bite at him, which is why the grouse only has a little white meat, the rest is black. And he let everyone go ahead - he let people go. People got into a fight, he let the snake go to disperse them. He let the dogs go, as he let a naked man go. She's freezing - damn it. - What happened? I'm freezing. Got the hell out of her skin. Now we are sick - we cough. God sent - made a man out of clay, he sits like a man. And the hell spit, I spit. This is what we are rooting for]: Baulo, Tuchkova 2016, No. 4, fragment 3; Mansi: Dunin-Gorkavich 1911 [water first; God tells the lula (loon) bird to get the land, it did not get it; little lula came up through three days, blood with liquid earth in his beak; the earth began to grow, trees appeared; God created a man ("pyris") and a woman ("ekva"); to find out how big the earth was, pyris sent a crow that was white ; while the cauldron was being cooked, the raven flew around the ground and returned; the next day, the crow sent pyris again, which returned only in the evening; he sent it the next day, the raven returned only on the third day and black, because saw carrion and began to peck at it; since then the raven has been feeding on carrion; because Lula took out the earth, the Voguls did not hit it or eat it; pyris himself went to look for the end of the earth, but was tired and returned; made a horse out of wood , but he did not like it; then he forged 7 wings for the horse - the horse flew in circles; forged the eighth wing, flew for a long time, did not find the end of the earth; returning to the yurt, pyris noticed that the fire was barely smoldering in the dude; he he put it out with his foot; the ekwa sitting in the yurt had become an old woman, began to shout: why did I put out the fire of my husband, whom I am waiting for; puff hit her on the floor of the yurt, she became young; people came from pyris and equa divided into clans and tribes]: 41-43; Kazakova 1960 (Berezovsky District [husband and wife lived on a piece of tundra in the middle of the water; Loon dived, brought a piece of land, attached it to land near the house; for the second time brought a larger piece; the earth increased; diving caused the feathers on the top of Loon's head to stir; the couple had a son, Taryg-pes-pygris (Crane Thigh); he brought seven wives: Etpos-ne (Month Woman), Por-ne (Female Witch), Mosh-ne (Good Woman), Hotal-ne (Sun Woman), Vit-Kosai-ne (Woman Mistress of Water), Thief Koshai-NE (Woman - mistress of the forest), Syp-Kosyai-ne (Woman is the mistress of the mountain); then began to live with the same Mos-ne]: 47-48; Lukina 1990, No. 105 (northern Mansi) [an old woman and an old man of the tundra hill live, there is water around; c An iron diver dives in the sky, on the third attempt it brings earth in its beak; when she inhaled it, her throat burst (this place is now a reddish spot); the iron crest (called the second loon) also dives, the top of her head bursts (there are reddish feathers); the earth grows; the old woman and the old man send a white crow to see if it is big; the third time he bites the dead, comes back black; the old man tells him eat carrion; (then the old woman gives birth to Taryg-Pesch-Nimalya-sov, aka Mir-Susne-Hum, "a man watching the world"; see motif A4; he visits distant worlds, gets wives; the old man is Torum , his wife is Kaltas)], 106 [the beginning is the same], 107 (southern Mansi) [Bright Boy (SM), the son of the Bright Husband Father (Num-Torum) leaves the sky for the middle world; there is water everywhere; he blew his nose, created a tundra hill out of snot; hell comes, tries to break the hill, SM takes two loons with iron beaks out of his pocket, they kill the devil; sends them to dive underground; the first emerges through without seven months, seven years, the second in seven years, shakes off, rocky earth appears; its inhabitants are mortal; SM blows out, a snake worm appears, turns into a man; meets a Ruff woman; they ask each other what each came from; he is from the snot of the Bright Husband-Father, she is from black earth; she lies down, pulls him towards her, his genitals under his arm; she tears them off and puts them in their place man and E. copulate; E. tells him to eat two berries from a three-leaf tree, its leathery membrane descends; they give birth to a whole genus of girls and boys]: 258-259, 272-273, 291-293; Rombandeeva 1991 [on A husband and wife lived in a patch of peat in the middle of the water; they had Loon and another waterfowl, Lula; they asked L. to get land from the bottom, she brings a lump on her beak; he grows up; the White Raven flies to see if the earth is big; the corpse eats, turns black; at first the earth was smooth, then it rattled for seven days, mountains appeared]: 14; Chernetsov 1935 [(a prefabricated version from some heard by the author excerpts); big and small loon dive to get the ground from the bottom; unsuccessful at first; when they dived together, they got it; from tension, they bleed, now the big loon has a red chest, and the small one has a red chest back of the head]: 23-24; 2005, No. 1 [(land extraction - p. 33-35); Peaty wife-and-husband-piece live in the house, there is water around them, they have a white crow; an iron Loon dives from the sky, for the third time a grain of earth in its beak, the loon flies to the sky; the iron Lula dives (now there is no such bird, it had a red crown and legs standing back); for the third time there is a piece of earth in its beak, with its beak on Peat- The piece smeared, returned to heaven; in the morning the earth was the width of the foot, on the second day it grew; the husband sends the Raven three times to find out if the earth is big; by the evening of the third day he returns only in black evening, so how a dead man pecked; the husband tells him to eat carrion from now on; the first cedar grows; the couple has a son, the husband calls him Taryg-Pes-Nimalya-Sov; he grows up, sees a bearded man in the ice-holes, then understands that it is himself; the father tells him to get a wife himself, pull the leash in manure, T. pulls out the horse, leaves; the old woman says that while he was sleeping, Paraparsekh stole his wife; gives scissors, iron the skin of a kite, a hare, a mouse, a pike; T. comes to a woman, she says that P. will fly in the skin of a crow; T. chases an iron kite; then an iron hare for a hare, the same iron mouse, a pike; in the horse's nostrils fly through the fire; hangs on an aspen, the grandmother arrives, takes it off; the giant almost pulls it into his nose, he cuts his nostrils with scissors; after many adventures, T. arrives in gooseskin to Mortym Equa and Mortym-Oika; sees ME cook teals, then threw the bones into the water, they came to life (p.59); returns his wife, flies to her parents]: 33-61 (a brief retelling in 1991:14); (cf. Chernetsov 1935 [(prefabricated version from individual excerpts heard by the author); large and small loon dive to get the ground from the bottom; unsuccessful at first; when they dived together, they got it; from tension they bleed, now the big loon has a red chest, and the small one has a red head]: 23-24); nganasans: Dolgikh 1976, No. 4 [The duck asks Loon to dive, find land; she pops up on the third the day is dead; The duck brings grass, moss in seven days; says that it has raised the earth up], 5 [The Duck and Loon agreed that the Duck will get the earth, and the Loon will release the nose of the disease, piercing the sick (Duibu-nguo stabs the loon's nose when he heals); The duck dived, brought black earth; The duck brought moss from nine Syrad, put it on the water]: 50, 51; Popov 1984 [the water reached to the sky, Loon lay on her; her voice asked her to dive underground; she was frightened, did not dive; Kamenushka dived, surfaced on the fourth day with blades of grass, moss in mouth; Loon was punished by telling her to nest in the water, lay only two eggs; The Stone nests in a dry place, has many chicks; Nguo created the sun, thunder and rain, a month for women to calculate time genera]: 41-42 [the shaman remembers; the deceased goes down the river; she is like Ket, but the water is black; the young man is in front, the old man is behind; there are many fish; he caught up with the dead, but did not dare to go too far; Ivendgai Paya, the owner of the underground land {Tuchkova: Vendygai Paya (Ketan dialect) - "Staraya Paya", SDS 2005:83}, who was the first to die; everyone goes to her; she is on the river, but her house is dry place; but only human bones swim along the river, but also dog bones bark; there is a watchman from a distance, and if you come up, a bear]: Baulo, Tuchkova 2016, No. 4, fragment 3.
Eastern Siberia. Western Yakuts (Turukhansky Krai) [the mother of God created a white-nosed loon and a long-nosed merganser (i.e. duck), sent them to the bottom of the ground; the merganser was the first to emerge, gave them the land brought; then the loon, which, although she had the earth in her beak, said that it had not reached the bottom; the mother of God cursed the loon, saying that she had given her a "holy name" and hoped for it, and she had no hope justified; condemned the loon to live on the water and eat rubbish; the merganser was given agility; then the Mother of God made two men and a woman out of sand]: Tretyakov 1871:421 (quoted in Napolsky 1991:151 with reference to Tretyakov 1871:207); Sym Evenks [at first there was water and two brothers; younger Action forced the loon to dive and get the ground from the bottom; the loon could not do so, for this is E. broke her legs (that's why all loons don't walk well); E. Gogol sent, he dived and grabbed the ground from the bottom with his beak; for this, Exery kissed his head (so all the Gogols have white spots on their heads since then); E. put a piece of land on the surface of the water; the land began to grow, but was still so small that action could even rest on it; his older brother was angry with E. ; when he was sleeping, he began to draw the ground from under him, but the land only stretched out and became very large]: Vasilevich 1936:4; 1959:173; Podkameno-Tunguska Evenks (Baikit District, River Chavid, West 1923) [Amaka made water, let the birds go; told the loon to dive, which took out the sand, but did not give it to A., wanted to make the land herself; then A. sent Gogol, who brought sand and gave it to A.; A. made the ground, punished Gagara by pulling her legs out of her stomach and sticking her to her tail so that she could not walk on the ground; he decorated Gogol's head with a long feather]: Osharov 1936a:15 (=1936b, No. 11:279-280); Evens : Robbeck 2005:206 [water everywhere first; Hevki: Can you find clay? goose: no, we'll die from the cold; duck: no, we'll die in the water; the loon dived, brought a piece, H. ordered to keep it in its beak for now, but Arinka stole it; H. sang, clay slipped out of A.'s mouth; X. singing the earth opened (I mean expanded}, streams and mountains appeared], 209-210 [there was a fire on the ground, then it was flooded; deer and people gathered on the high mountain also drowned when the mountain went under water; Mikola asked the loon to dive, she brought some clay in her beak; clay slipped out of the beak, the hell stole it, M. spat at it, the devil fell underground; M. began to sing: a river, a lake, a mountain appear; M.: let there be no mosquitoes; hell: let the mosquitoes stay so that people do not get proud and that there are fewer of them]; Robbeck, Dutkin 1978 [1) the shaman asks for a lump of clay from the bottom; the goose can't, the Loon gets it, the shaman creates land; in the other The Duck plays the role of the demiurge; 2) people sailed on a raft, caught fish, ducks; caught Loon, she promised to get the earth from the bottom; The raven makes her drop a lump into the sea three times; the shaman of the sky helped; 3) The loon pulls out a barely visible speck of dust from the bottom, puts it in the boy's palm; he does not understand how to make the ground out of it; God put a speck of dust on his left palm, it has become squirrels on his stomach; on the edge of the raft, off the hoof deer; from an elk's stomach; grew into an island]: 157.
NW Coast. Quakiutl: Boas 1895, No. XVIII.1.6-8 (neveti, tlatlasicoala subgroup) [Minka wants the boat with women to capsize; dives, sealing their genitals with resin; the raccoon asks who can cure women; Mink calls to do so; removes resin by copulating with each of the women; everyone gets pregnant; he sails away with his son in a boat; pretends that his nose insert has fallen into the water, dives; the wife sees that Norka is not looking for an insert, but eats Seehunde, swims away; he asks him to throw his bow and arrows; shoots at the sky, makes a chain of arrows; comes to his father Sun; he asks him to carry a sun disk (this is a nose pendant) instead him; tells you not to stray above and below, otherwise the earth will freeze or burn; The mink descends, the sea is boiling, the forests are burning; the Sun has thrown it to the ground, turning it into a hole; after the fire, only rocks; Omeatl (Raven) sails in the sea in a boat, tells Gagara to reach the ground; she dived and drowned; then sent Podiceps and Duck (Harlekin) to dive, they are drowning too; sent the duck Oidemia Deglandi (humpbacked scoter, duck family), which brings an oak branch from the bottom; O. creates land, mountains, trees, sea sand]: 172-173 (=2002:381-382); Boas 1910, No. 18 [Omean (raven) sends Loon, seal, Hobe duck get the soil and leaves from the bottom; the former emerge before reaching, the Duck brings soil and leaves, the Omeal drags it into the boat; since then there has been soil and leaves; O. painted Kamenushka, Gogol and other birds; he was in a hurry, so he only managed to rub the Crow with coal and the Seagull with clay; the flood began; those who dived became seabirds; those who did not reach the water were land]: 223 -225 (translated to Romanova 1997, No. 55.2:209).
Plains. Sheena: Grinnell 1907-1908 [At the beginning of time, the Creator asks waterfowl to dive; swans, geese, ducks do not reach the bottom; a little duck brings silt in its beak; the Creator throws it into the water, Land arises]: 170; Marriott, Rachlin 1968 [Maheo creates sky, salt water, light, waterfowl; tells them to dive and get land from the bottom; Goose, Duck, Loon do not dive; Coot brings silt from the bottom in his beak, puts M. in his hand; he makes a lump, creates land; M. is looking for whose back to approve the land; snails, crustaceans, fish are not suitable for this; only Grandmother Turtle is able to hold this weight; this is Mother -Earth, it gives birth to plants; from its right and left ribs, M. creates a man and a woman (retelling in Cooper 1996:222)]: 22-26