D4B. Payback for the fire. 12.-.13.27.29.
Thosewho steal or ask for fire and/or people who receive fire are punished by the deity.
Ekoi, Pygmies Efe, Darasa, Ancient Greece, Kumyks.
West Africa. Ekoi [the fire was in the sky by the creator of Obassi Osaw; Chief Etim 'Ne rose to heaven, asked for fire, received a rude refusal; the boy promised to bring fire; gained confidence in O., began to work for him ; O.'s wives asked him to light a lamp, he hid the smut in the forest, went down to the ground with it at night; for stealing the fire, O. prevented him from walking, he was Lame Boy]: Talbot 1912:370-371 (retelling in Scheub 2000: 195-196).
Sudan-East Africa. Pygmies efe [the man got lost, went to Tore's house, his mother was sleeping, the man took the fire; the mother woke up from the cold, T. caught up with the man, took away the fire; the other put on Raven's feathers, flew to heaven, took the fire away, T. did not catch up with it; T.'s mother died of cold, T. made people mortal as punishment]: Trilles 1945:171, also Schebesta in Abrahamsson 1951:113; darasa [people ate raw food; when old, God made them young again; they asked God for fire; he gave them, but said they must die now]: Abrahamsson 1951:113.
(Wed. Australia. Gippsland (East Victoria) [1) Bowkan, who lives in the clouds, got angry with people, took the fire; Chaffinch stole it, returned it to people, he had a red speck on his tail; 2) women did not They shared fish with Bowkan, he took the fire; the crow threw a black snake at him, he dropped the fire out of fear, the women took it again]: Smyth 1878:472, 478-479 in Maddock 1970:192).
The Balkans. Ancient Greece [Prometheus cut the bull's carcass; put meat and giblets wrapped in leather and covered in a bovine's stomach on one side, white bones covered with fat on the other; suggested Zeus make a choice; Zeus chose fat, then saw bones under it and became angry; since then, people have only burned bones on altars for the gods; after Zeus decided not to give people fire for anything, Prometheus stole it, "hiding it in the narfex with a floor"; when Zeus saw people's fire, he became angry and ordered Hephaestus and Athena to create "the likeness of a shy virgin" {Pandora, whose name is not directly mentioned in Theogony }; this maiden is descended from women living on earth; Zeus chained Prometheus to the "middle column" and sent an eagle to him; he ate Prometheus's liver every day, it grew again overnight; later Hercules killed this eagle and freed Prometheus]: Hes. Theog. 521-616; [the tragedy "Prometheus Chained", attributed to Aeschylus and staged no later than 430 BC: Prometheus steals fire from the gods, gives it to people; Hephaestus, by order of Zeus, chains Prometheus to the rock; Hermes warns Prometheus that an eagle will fly to him every day to peck out his liver]: Aesch. Prom.; ["Argonautics" by Apollonius of Rhodes (first half of the 3rd century BC): "Pontus's gyrus was floating in the distance, /And the high steeps of the Caucasus Mountains gradually began to grow. There, Prometheus was screwed to the indestructible cliffs/Copper ties, and he fed a large bird with his own /Cookie. The eagle flew incessantly. /In the evening, the heroes suddenly saw the eagle in fear. /It flew high above the ship to the clouds. But still /The sail began to swing with the wind of its wide wings./The bird looks so different from the eagle of heaven, /It waves its wings quickly, like oars. /Prometheus's loud moan was then heard by the heroes; /The eagle devoured the liver, pulling out pieces. Scream/The whole Ether shuddered. And soon the eagle returned /In the same way, and they saw the bloodbird again" (trans. N.A. Chistyakova)]: Apoll. Rhod. II. 1238-1251; ["This flower grew because it fell to the ground/Drops of the divine blood of that Prometheus the sufferer, /whose body was torn to pieces by a raw eagle. /A flower grows to the elbow along the slopes Caucasian, /Corician saffron similar in color brightness" (trans. N.A. Chistyakova)]: Apoll. Rhod. III. 846-850; ["Historical Library" by Diodorus of Sicily (1st century BC): "Zeus, who gave fire to people, chained and sent an eagle to devour his liver. Hercules, seeing that Prometheus was punished for his blessings to people, killed the eagle with an arrow and, convincing Zeus to calm his anger, saved the benefactor of all mankind" (trans. O.P. Tsybenko)]: Diod. Sic. IV. 15. 2; ["Prometheus mixed the earth with water and sculpted people and gave them fire secretly from Zeus, hiding it in a hollow reed stalk. When Zeus found out about this, he ordered Hephaestus to nail Prometheus's body to the Caucasus Range. This ridge is located in Scythia. There, chained to a rock, Prometheus had been bound for many years, and every day the eagle arrived and pecked out his liver blades, which grew back overnight. Prometheus suffered this punishment for stealing fire until Hercules later released it, as we will discuss in the chapter on Hercules" (trans. V.G. Borukhovich)]: Apollod. Bibl. I. 7.1; [Hercules "in the Caucasus shot an eagle pecking Prometheus's liver with a bow: this eagle was the product of Echidna and Typhon. Hercules freed Prometheus, laid an olive wreath instead of his shackles removed, and provided Zeus with Chiron, who agreed to become mortal instead of Prometheus" (trans. V.G. Borukhovich)]: Apollod. Bibl. II. 5. 11; [Myths attributed to Guy Julius Gigin, who lived at the turn of the eras, but most likely date back to the 1st and 2nd centuries: "Nereid Thetis was predicted that her son would be stronger than his father. No one but Prometheus knew this, and Jupiter wanted to lie down with her, and Prometheus promised Jupiter that he would warn him if he freed him from his shackles. He promised, and Prometheus advised him not to join Thetis, lest the strongest be born and overthrow Jupiter from the kingdom as he did to Saturn himself. Then Thetis was married to Peleus, the son of Eak, and Hercules was sent to kill the eagle that tormented Prometheus's heart, and when the eagle was killed, Prometheus <каüни> was released thirty thousand years later from Caucasus Mountains" (per. D.O. Torshilova)]: Hyg. Fab. 54; ["People used to ask for fire from immortals and did not know how to keep it for long. Then Prometheus brought it to the ground in a fennel stalk and showed people how to preserve it by covering it with ash. For this, Mercury, on Jupiter's orders, chained him with iron nails to a cliff on Mount Caucasus and put an eagle to him, which ate his heart - as much as he ate during the day, grew so much at night. This eagle was killed by Hercules thirty thousand years later and Prometheus released" (trans. D.O. Torshilova)]: Hyg. Fab. 144; Serbs [St. Savva went to the fire with the devils next to it, interfered with the heat with his staff until the staff began to smolder, and left; when he saw the chase, he hit the stone with his staff and the fire was in the stone; convinced that the staff is cold, the devils have gone back]: Tronov 1930:24 (quoted in Loma 2008:212).
Caucasus - Asia Minor. Kumyks [Baltatyosh ("ax on his chest") guarded trees so that people would not rub and make a fire; some bird also did not allow them to enter the trees; in winter, when he wanted to warm up, B. gave people himself , which the bird was pecking out, B. could not make tinder himself; one person stole tinder; for this, the bird pecked out his eye and liver]: Khalidova 2012, No. 58:78.