Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

F40C. The patriarch kills boys.

.11.18.-.20.40.-.43.46.56. (.61.) .63.

A powerful man consistently kills boys born to his wife or sister.

Bantu-speaking Africa. Zulu [the chief tells old women to kill his newborn sons for fear for their power; one wife begged old women to keep her son; he lives with his mother's brother; the chief tells him to leave his son in the forest is eaten by a many-headed monster, but it educates the young man, makes him invincible; he comes to the leader, the warriors' spears do not hit the target; the young man hits the leader and all his warriors with a spear]: Snegirev 1937 Zhukov, Kotlyar 1976, No. 238:603-606; (=Koropchevsky 1874 [by Collaway; name - Uglakanyana]: 50-55); (cf. nyanga [the king does not want his wives to give birth to sons; Mwindo, who walks and speaks from birth, manages to escape; his father's advisers descend him down the river in a drum, he must find his father's sister, whose husband is a water serpent; Iyangura's paternal aunt {is she the snake's wife?} takes it out of the drums; they come to Father M.'s village; he runs; in the lower world, the father gives M. difficult tasks, he does them all; with his father he returns to earth, reviving those he killed along the way; advice decides to divide the kingdom between M. and his father; the Kirimu dragon swallows M.'s close associates, he frees them; Lightning is a friend of both the dragon and M.; takes M. to heaven for a year in the world of the Sun, Month, Stars; after passing there are the last tests, M. triumphantly returns to his kingdom]: Scheub 2000:164-165).

Australia. Varlpiri [a person has many wives taken regardless of their ancestry; when boys are born, he tells them to be buried in the ground immediately; wives decide to keep their children and raise them secretly two boys; they call their father's brother, he fights with their father; returns to himself; boys take revenge on their father, become the protagonists of the tribe {it is not clear exactly how they take revenge}]: Rockman Napaljarri, Cataldi 1994: 151-158.

Melanesia. Mono (Shortland Islands) [Pacomami tells his sister to be killed if she gives birth to boys; she says a girl was born; Little Pakomami has grown up; Big Pakomami tries to kill him, 1) bringing down a tree on him; 2) crushing him with a pole in a hole (he pressed against the wall, his parents pulled him out); he killed BP]: Wheeler 1926, No. 29:20.

Micronesia-Polynesia. Truk [Chief Soufa has 5 wives; he tells him to kill boys, keep girls; one of the sisters {and wives at the same time?} S. gave birth to a son, sent him to the Wind Eater (some butterfly or bird), who lived inside the island; the young man grew up, hears screams from the shore, it's a toy boat festival; the adoptive mother made the young man like this the boat, she overtook everyone else; the boy's real mother took it from the shore; he took the boat, leaving his fingerprint on his mother's hand; S. gathers men to determine whose hand it was; sent a man and a young man was brought to the house of the Wind Eater; S. found out the fingerprints, told the young man to come tomorrow to put up poles for the community house; the foster mother tells him to dig a hole with a hole to hide when on him they will lower the pole; also let him take with him a coconut (it crunches) and a termite that will pave the way to the ground; when the young man dug a hole, a pole was lowered into it; the young man went out, S. tells him to come tomorrow; reception mother: drink water: they tell you to climb a tree for nuts and make a fire around - fill it with regurgitating water; he did so; on the third day, the adoptive mother teaches the young man to avoid raindrops; when he came to S., darts were thrown at him, none were hit; for the fourth time, his adoptive mother told him to take a knife from the sink, ocher and coal with him; the young man was trapped, lowered into the water; he chewed ocher with with lime, they thought it was the brain; coal - his stomach burst; he cut the ropes and came up, brought S. fish; on the fifth day: you will be left on a deserted island, you should take breadfruit with you; he they ordered to anchor off the shore, cut off the tench and sailed away; there was only one tree on the island; the young man put the fruit on top of his head, turned to the Rainbow God to pick up the fruit and help him escape; then hung it there caught fish; like this every day; an old man came, but the young man refused to speak to him; the next day a young man came; he was the God of the Rainbow; when he returned on the third day, he drew a boat in the sand, kicked her, the drawing became a real boat; the young man returned to S.; the next day S. and his brothers decided to sail in his boat himself; the young man told her to become sand again, the passengers were eaten by sharks]: Fischer 1954:289-306 .

The Arctic. Aleuts: Jochelson 1990, No. 35 (Unalashka) [a man kills his sister's sons; she pretends to have given birth to a girl, her brother finds out the truth; 1) drops a wedge into the crack of a log, asks her nephew to get it knocks out other wedges; he escapes as a beetle, brings firewood; 2) his uncle takes him to hunt seals, sews him into the seal, throws him into the sea; his nephew sails to the country of the Eagles, gets two wives and eagle plumage; flies to the mother, brings the whale to the uncle's village; the uncle drives the young man's mother away from the meat; the eagle nephew lifts his uncle into the air, throws him into the sea; returns to his wives], 43 (Umnak) [=1916, No. 4: 302-304; Kanaagutukh keeps only women in his villages, kills all boys; one woman hides her son; when K. finds out the truth, he seeks to destroy him; 1) the young man splits a log, brings firewood; 2) K. pushes him off a cliff, taking him to hunt for cormorants; he descends like a feather given to him by his mother, brings cormorants; 3) K. leaves his son on the island; he hides the seal in advance, sews up himself in his shoes, sails to the Eagles; lifts his father into the air, throws him; makes slaves mistresses; returns to the Eagles]: 269-277, 329-333; Lyapunova 1984 (Commanders) [there are only women in the leader's village (aka do all men's work); men are exterminated, born boys are killed by the chief; one woman hides her son under the guise of a girl; the chief discovers him when he knocks down flying birds with stones; chief tries to 1) pinch him in a tree trunk (his mother gives a magic bone wedge); 2) throws him off a cliff (his mother gives magic feathers); 3) takes seals to fish, leaves him on an island; a boy with a woman's knife takes the skin off the seal, sews himself into it, swims, throws it to Orlov Island; the young man marries, learns to fly in the skin of an eagle, to his mother's village, brings her two whales; the leader tries to take them away, young man takes him into the air, throws him into the sea; when he returns to the village, he swaps idle women and slaves (including his mother), flies to his wife]: 27-28.

Subarctic. Tagish [a man teaches his sister's sons to make a boat, offers to climb into a split trunk, knocks out a wedge, the boys die every time; their mother cries when she wakes up, sees Loon, she gives her a piece of quartz, tells the house to heat up, swallow; she gives birth to a boy Hot Stone; he grows up quickly; when an uncle knocks out a wedge, he inserts the spacer again; the uncle climbs in himself, he knocks out the wedge, uncle dies; he comes to tickle his uncle's two wives, who keep their hands pressed to their bodies, he causes a tide, they raise their hands, birds fly out from under them, the young man tells the water to fall]: McClelland 2007, No. 73a: 356- 359; taltan [a jealous man takes his sister's sons to sea, drowns one by one; says that they drown by accident; the raven is the youngest; takes a toy boat with him; when he falls into the water, turns the boat into a real boat; so she returns home several times; comes to her uncle's wife, plays with her; tickles her, forcing her to raise her hands; a jay and a woodpecker fly out of her armpits, she dies; an uncle chases A crow, but he sails away]: Teit 1919, No. 1.1:199-200.

NW Coast. Tlingits: Veniaminov 1940 (3) [there was no light; a man hides his wife in a box, kills his sister's children out of jealousy; she, on the advice of her mother, swallows sea pebbles, gives birth to Elya, hides him from her brother ; E. kills a forty-like bird, puts on its skin, sticks his nose into the sky, puts a duck skin on his mother; E. opened the box with his uncle's wife, his uncle threw it into the sea, E. came back to the bottom; uncle caused a flood, Uh . stuck his nose into the sky, after the flood fell west on algae, these are Queen Charlotte Islands; picked up chips of gigantic pine in his nose, where he flew, threw it, where it grows]: 38-43; Kamensky 1906 [fir for Only one toyon built dumplings; he kept his wife in a drawer; she was guarded by 8 birds that flew out if someone came into contact with a woman; his sister Kikuhinshi (daughter of Kikuhinshi) had eight sons; out of jealousy, the uncle took everyone to sea, threw them overboard, or hammered them in hollows; K. ran away, took Heron as her husband; she brought her a pebble, she swallowed it (or gave a pebble Killer Whale, or Killer Whale advised me to swallow it); K. gave birth to a son, El (Raven); he opened the box with his uncle's wife; he locked it in the deck, E. broke it; uncle caused a flood, E. put on the skin of a magpie, he clung to the sky with his beak, its tail and wings became wet; put a duck skin on his mother; after the flood, E. fell into the sea on seaweed, the sea otter transported it to land (or E. sank directly to land); picked up cones in his beak and fir chips, distributed fir trees around the world, taught people how to make dumplings]: 71-75 (translated in Kamenskii 1985:59-60); Golder 1907c [jealous keeps his wife in a box, kills his sister's sons; she swallows hot a stone, gives birth to a Raven; he opens the box, copulates with his uncle's wife; he causes a flood; the raven hangs under the sky, with its beak into it; hides spruce chips in its beak; after the flood, a forest grows out of them] : 290-292; De Laguna 1972:844-845 [kills her sister's newborn sons every time; she cries, a man advises her to heat and swallow a pebble; she gives birth to a Yale son (Raven) secretly from her brother; Raven put the mother in the skin of a duck; asks people where the Month keeps his wife, they say what she is hiding in the box; the raven pulls her hair out of her armpits, throws her into a smoke hole, they turn into woodpecker feathers; fly in the face for the Month, he causes a flood in anger; mother Raven swims like a duck, he himself clung to the sky with his beak; after the flood, he came out of the crow's skin, took his mother out of the duck's skin], 848-849 [jealous A month kills her sister's newborn sons, and daughters, just in case; a killer whale tells a woman to swallow a pebble; she heats a pebble, swallows, gives birth to a Raven (some informants: he is a son Killer whales); he pulls the wife of the Month (she is a bird) out of the box, he plucks her (var.: her feathers are under her arms), throws feathers; the Month rises to heaven, causes a flood; The raven saves her mother, placing it in the skin of a duck, and yourself by climbing into the skin of a snipe (snipe), clinging to the sky with your beak].

The coast is the Plateau. Vasco [the chief has a hundred wives, takes turns copulating with everyone every night; killing sons, raising daughters; his hundred slaves scatter sand around the house to notice any traces; the chief can walk on water; Chief Vasco's daughter buys for 50 slaves; she gives birth to a son, lies like a daughter; her husband lets her go to his parents; there the son grows up, receives strength from thunder and lightning; also walks on water; at night copulates with all the father's wives; the father sees that the son's footprints are greater than his own; the son defeats the father, he falls into the water; the son takes ten wives and lets go of the rest]: Curtin 1909b, No. 4:248- 253; Vishram: Hines 1991, No. 11 [(two options); the chief has two hundred wives; he tells boys to be killed, girls kept; sand around the house every night to see traces, if anyone came; Nee-t-t lies that she gave birth to a girl, gets permission to visit relatives; her son grows up, trains strength; comes to his father's house, in the morning he sees that the trail is greater than his own; sends warriors, their son kills them all, kills their father]: 95-100 (about the same in Hines 1998, No. 33:133-134; that man is Castle Rock).

Plains. Sarsi [a shaman has four wives, he kills boys, leaves the girls to marry them too; one woman lied that she gave birth to a girl, dressed her son as a girl, then sent them away; the husband found out called her son "the last one left"; the young man grew up, received sacred power from the willows under which he slept; later he slept on the edge of a cliff, the shaman sent the wind, the young man fell off the cliff, but became a dry leaf and went down; made a suede cape, painting it with the image of a hawk with sparrows around; taught his mother to cover it with a cape if it became a skeleton; he became, she did everything right; a hawk flew up, followed by sparrows ; when he was crossing the river, the shaman sent two big fish at him, they did no harm to him; the shaman stabbed his arm and asked his wife (i.e. the boy's mother) to pull out the splinter, but she quietly drove her deeper; infection has begun; the shaman consistently sends his wives to the young man for help, he takes them for himself (except for the ugly fourth), cuts the shaman to pieces, people take the kidnapped women]: Dzana-gu 1921, No. 30:38-39.

Llanos. Sicuani [a man is carried away by Tapirih; the Amazons kill her; one of them secretly takes a man as her husband; he pours boiling water over a penis that grows out of the ground, the husband of the Amazons; returns home]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1992, No. 83 [while hunting, Tapiriha runs up to a virgin youth, turns into a woman, says she will pick him up, becomes a tapiriha again, carries him away on his back; in the forest she does not tell him to copulate with her in first night; gives a vine infusion to make his penis bigger; takes the young man across several rivers; finds themselves in the country of women; they say they have found a tapir trail; Tapiriha asks if he heard he is something, the young man lies that he is not; women trap Tapiriha, she warns the young man not to eat her meat; women kill tapiriha, look for a young man; a virgin who has not yet copulated with Irrabowáto (në), notices him in a tree, hides him from others; tells him to taste the meat of the murdered tapiriha; I. has "The Penis of the Earth"; the girl who saved the young man does not want to copulate with him, because he is not only her husband, but also her father and other women; I. regularly examines everything at home; if he finds a male child, kills and eats; the young man stays with the woman, she becomes pregnant; lies to his mother that I. is in the central house of the village, he is a penis protruding from the ground, women sit on it; when they leave, they cover it with a clay pot; the wife brings pepper for her husband to pour pepperwater on the Penis, gives him her clothes and jewelry; when a person lifts the pot, a stream of seed hits from there; he is warned not to let the seed fall on his face; fills his penis with boiling water and pepper; I. screams, women run away, but he is already dead; he was buried; a man's wife gives birth to a boy, women hope that he will replace his common husband with him; she refers a man to his former family, otherwise the Amazons will kill them all; he crosses rivers, cries at the seashore; Ducks of three different species consistently take him into their boat, tell him not to let the winds in; every time he does not hold back near another island, the ducks take off, he reaches the island by swimming; Mother Tomáliwa ducks in the guise of a man with a long penis tell them not to look back, he carries them; he looks around, she quilts it with her penis for eating Tapiriha meat; he returns to his family; T. is not the moon, although many people think the moon is shining]: Wilbert, Simoneau 1992, No. 83:309-321.

(Wed. Western Amazon. Shuar [a man takes the pregnant wife of a murdered enemy; promises to kill a child if a boy is born; a mother raises a child as a girl; when stepfather finds out the truth, the stepson has already grown up; kills stepfather and many enemies]: Rueda 1987, No. 65:269-270).

Central Amazon. Katawishi [go away and turn into Amazons (no details)]: Tastevin 1925:191; (The exact place of recording is not known) [Many women sailed along the river to the edge of the forest; with them the only Pahi ("father") Tuna ("water" or "black") man; women always killed boys; one woman gave birth to an ugly man, regretted it; fumigated with smoke, he became handsome; others began to chase him to make him their lover, called Pahi-Tuna-Re; his mother hid him in the water; the women summoned him, imitating his mother's voice, grabbed him, engaged with love with him; PT told women to cut their hair, twisted a rope, caught a PTR, killed him, cut off their penis, hung them over the entrance to the cave where the women lived; they ran away, hid in another cave, blocking the entrance poisonous creatures; PT lived alone; once food was cooked; saw a parrot fly in, became a girl; PT threw feathers into the fire; lived happily ever after with a girl]: Barbosa Rodrigues in Barroso 1930:99-102.