Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

H36G. False news: how many times to eat .21.23.26.34.37.40.61.65.

God sends a messenger to tell people to eat rarely (once a day, every three days, etc.). The messenger says you should eat often - at least two or three times a day.

Sherdukpen, Gujarati, Bondo, Parenga, Sora, Gondas, Telugu (Yanadi), Chinese (Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Guangdong), Lisu, Ordos Mongols, Orochi, Asian Eskimos, Napo, All Quechua, and Aymara Peru and Bolivia.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Sherdukpen [Ama Dakhinu answered the whistle of the Tiu-Gamosu-Sempa monkey, became pregnant, gave birth to various animals; sent an ox to Brahma for instructions; he returned saying that he should swim three times a day, eat once a day; for this mistake he was told to live with and work for people]: Pandey 1999:129-130.

South Asia. Gujarati (recorded in Bombay; the informant is from Junagad County, Saurashtra) [Shiva sent his riding bull Nandi to tell people that they should eat once a day and swim three times; on the way, he repeated what he had said to him, but confused him: eating three times, swimming once a day; when they learned Shiva's will, the people began to follow the instructions, but they no longer had enough food; they went back to Shiva; he punished the bull by sending him to people and telling him to work for them]: Talking Myths Project; bondo [Mahaprabhu sent Ox to tell people to eat once a day; a partridge fluttered in front of the ox, he forgot the instruction, told them to eat twice a day; people said they did; for this, M. told the ox to plow the land, otherwise there would not be enough food]: Elwin 1950:143; 1954, No. 39:359-360; boy [ Mahaprabhu sent a group of gods to tell people how to live; Sinadai (her husband Ispur) followed a cow to eavesdrop; heard the gods telling them to swim once a day, eat once a week; the cow was confused, told me to wash once a week, eat three times a day; for this, M. told the cow to serve a person, otherwise there would not be enough food]: Elwin 1954, No. 45:363-364; sora (Hill Saora) [people only had hoes; Sima Rani sent an ox to tell people to make plows, harness two women each; you have to work twice, eat once, and then people ate three or four times a day; a partridge fluttered in front of the ox, he was scared I confused it, told people to go out to work once on hot and rainy days, twice on cool days, but always eat three times a day; for this, Sima ordered oxen to be harnessed, not women]: Elwin 1954, No. 13 : 614; (cf. cond [first cows talked and plowed in public; Nirantali told the quail to tell cows to eat rice and legumes, and people to eat grass; she confused, said the opposite; the cows came to complain; N. gave them the fruit of madness, the cows were speechless; people gave good fruit, they were able to speak, they could eat rice and legumes]: Elwin 1954, No. 5:339-340); gondas [Mahaprabhu sent the jackal to tell people to swim twice a day, eat once a day; partridges flew up noisily on the way in front of the jackal, he fell, forgot everything; told the village chief that he should swim once a day, eat three times; people were satisfied, the jackal said the same thing everywhere]: Elwin 1954, No. X.10:161; Telugu: Raghaviah 1962 (Yanadi) [Mr. Parama Siva sent his riding bull Maha Nandi to tell people they were should eat once a week and lubricate his head with castor oil three times a day; the bull confused it and said the opposite; for this, the PS told the bull to work, dragging the plow to plow]: 377-378; Venkataswami 1923, No. 74-76 [God sent the dog to find out which part of the world was ready; the dog found out that half but did not return; then God sent a rooster; he did not return either, but shouted that "the dog is not coming back"; then the second half the world was also ready and dawn came; then God sent an elephant to find out why the dog and rooster did not return; he liked it on earth, he also did not come back and did not imagine that man, who is much smaller than him will command them; then God sent a bull instructing people to bathe three times a day, or once a week; he confused it, saying that they should wash once a week, and eat three times a day]: 142-143.

China - Korea. Chinese: Eberhard 1937, No. 77 (Zhejiang) [God sent a messenger to tell people to eat every three days; he said they should eat three times a day; as punishment, God made him a bull, sent him to earth]: 120; 1965, No. 3 (Guangdong) [=Coyaud 2012, No. 41:97; compassionate with people, the Heavenly Emperor sent Ox (i.e. Cowhide Star) to tell them to eat once every three days; Ox said to eat three times a day; for this, the Heavenly Emperor sent Ox to earth to help people do their work]: 4; Chinese (Shaanxi, wu. Wuzu) [people were ruled by the Jade Emperor (NI). He lived in luxury, but allowed people to eat liquid porridge once a day, and ordered the excess grain to be transferred to the Heavenly Palace. The god Niulian (Bull's Face), who guarded the Southern Gate of Heaven, knew about this and was indignant in his heart. Somehow people had nothing to eat during the drought. The NI sent N. to issue the command: eat once every three days, take the rest of the grain to the heavenly barn. N. felt sorry for people and instead of "eating every three days" said "eat three times a day", and instead of "taking the rest of the grain to the heavenly barn" said "store the rest of the grain at home". Nor noticed that grain was not coming to his barns, sent evil deities to figure out what was going on. Having learned how N. changed his command, NI became angry, knocked out N.'s upper teeth with a kick, and exiled people to the world. Before leaving, N. asked NI what to sleep on, what to hide on, and what to eat in the human world, and he ordered him to sleep on felt, cover himself with a blanket, and eat grass. When he came to people, N. saw that they had no bedding or blankets, so he gave them his own, and began to sleep on bare ground. He had no upper teeth left, and every time he lay down on the ground, he gave a long sigh, expressing anger at NI. The same man, having exiled N., still regretted him and ordered people to give the bull a hearty lunch every year on New Year's Eve at noon - what is popularly called "hit a thousand times, scolded ten thousand times once, but on New Year's Eve, I gave food at noon." People follow this custom and give rice and white steam cakes to the bull on this day]: Zhou Yang et al. 1996, No. 12:14-15; fox [when creating humans, Vusa assumed they would eat clay; they ate almost everything; then sent a dung beetle to tell people to eat tree fruits every three days; the beetle to people: Vusa created fruit trees and told them to eat the fruits three times a day; they ate all the fruits; V.: let them grow cereals and vegetables themselves and eat them every three days; the beetle again said that three times a day; when he learned that the beetle had distorted the order, V. ordered him to collect excrement, because by eating so much food, people would spoil the whole land and nowhere to go; and that the beetle no longer appears to it]: Dessaint, Ngw√¢ma 1994:205-206.

Mongolia. The Mongols (Ordos) ["Ordos Ardyn Ulger". Hohhot, 1992:287; Burhan Bagsh sent a crow to bring people the nectar of immortality and health; he saw a mouse dying, lowered it, spilled nectar on the caragan bush; for this, BB told him to sit on even in the cold high place and hunt for mice; sent a hare to tell people to eat once a day and wash their face three times; the hare forgot everything and came back; BB threw a whip at him, his tail fell off, became small and The tail is a black spot; BB told him to be prey for everyone, including crows; sent a bull; he confused him, told him to wash once a day and eat three times; BB told him to work for people]: Yegupova 2012:25-27.

Amur - Sakhalin. Orochi [God sent the Otter to say that people will eat grass and leaves, live in mountains, in caves, stone will be their fuel; the otter told people that they will fish, beat everyone beast, build houses, use wood as fuel... kill otters, sell their skins]: Shanshina 2000:76.

The Arctic. Asian Eskimos [The dog lives in the sky; the owner of the seven heavens, Kiyagniku, sends her to tell people that meat should be eaten every two days; the dog is tired, confused, says meat should be eaten twice a day; sent to live with people on earth as punishment]: Sergeyeva 1968:37-38.

Central Andes. Departments of Ancash, Junin, Huancavilca, Pasco, Ayacucho, Cusco, Puno [God sends chihuaco (Turdus sp.) thrush to announce to people that they must eat once a day, wear leaf clothes, eat wild fruits; wool on sheep (alpacas) should be twelve colors; chihuacos are mixed up (monochrome sheep, eat three times a day, weave yourself, grow fruits; chihuaco punished by God (brown feathers, dirty ass, always hungry)]; Ayavinha, Ragash County, Sihuas Province, Dep. Ancash: Souffez 1988:45-48 [at first Adam and Eve don't talk, live with animals; Taita Dios sends a chihuaco thrush (sorsal, aka yukuk, chihuaco) to throw away lice into the river; he throws them into Adam's head; at the same moment A. begins to talk to Eve; people begin to multiply and die; God wanted each animal species to have a special kind of lice; chiauco says everyone will have the same], 53-54 [God sends chihuaco thrush (= yukuk, Turdus sp.) to tell people to dress in leaves; C. says people should spin sheep wool; God tells women to seek connections with men and work in the fields, men to do household chores; C. says that the opposite will be true; God tells men to have periods; C. puts a little blood on a man's penis; he thinks it's ugly, he passes on menstruation to women]; Mantaro Valley [God sends a beautiful chihuaco thrush to say that people should eat once a day; he flies and Sings, Three times a day; the River hears him, sends the message to people; God punishes Chihuaco, making him awkward and despised; now he sings, My wife and son are gone]: Jimenez Borja 1937 [No. 4; without paginations]; Morote Best 1954:110-112; 1988:106-107; Tomoeda 1982:291; Central Mountains of Peru [God sends a chihuaco thrush to tell people their teeth will be like steel, to eat every three days; he says his teeth will be like corn, you should eat three times a day; God punishes him by making his feathers gray and his digestive apparatus like a sieve]: Quijada Jara 1969-1970 in Sebastiani 1990:152; Ryua, Andamarca [God sends chihuaco thrush to tell people their teeth and nails will be steel; he says teeth will be cornstarch, nails will be potato peel; God punishes Chihuaco, now he only has one gut; people always kill him]: Ortiz Rescaniere 1980:140; Kispicanchis (dep. Cusco) [God wants the fruits to ripen not only in the valley but also in the mountains, the wool was twelve colors, the journey between cities did not take more than a day; the chihuaco thrush distorts his words]: Tomoeda 1982:291; mountainous Bolivia (prov. Norcichas, dep. Potosi) [God wants all crops to grow on the same tree, for feathers to serve as clothing, for wool to be colorful so that it is enough to eat once a day; the fox tells people that you have to spin and weave, eat three times a day, plant each plant in a special field]: Paredes Candia 1953 [(translated into Yakushenkov 2000:88-90); God created man, earth, animals and plants. I left the colors and properties of things for the last day of creation. I chose a fox (ketch. Atokk) to communicate their will. - People will not need clothes, they will live naked. To do this, I'll give them feathers that will cover them from waist to knee. People did not hear the divine voice, and they turned to the fox: - What does God say? - That women would make their own clothes. They will have to thread and weave until their fingertips swell and their lungs ache. God continued: "You will not plant a single plant in the fields. Trees and all plants will give you delicious fruits that you can easily pick. Corn cobs will grow above the ears of corn. Fox: - God says you will cultivate your land for food. And he leaves all plants as food for animals - his true children. God: - People will eat once a day. Fox: - You will eat three meals a day. The first meal will be called breakfast, and it will take place in the morning. The second one is lunch, at noon, and very abundant. And the third one at night will be called dinner. God: - Sheep wool will be blue, red, green, white, black, yellow and all the colors of the rainbow so that women and men who want to decorate themselves do not need "powders" to color them. Fox: - Wool will be white, black and coffee colored, and those who want to dye it in different colors should buy aniline paints from merchants for their own money.

Men and women, dissatisfied with the Creator's orders, decided to ask him for at least one favor and sought mediation from the fox. Atokk asked God: "Poor Indians ask how they will weave their clothes? God: - Tell my children to have their women put their spindles and some wool in a pitcher and I'll turn it all into beautiful fabrics and adorable threads. Atokk: - God says women will work their whole lives processing wool and making fabrics, because what they ask for is impossible]: 21-23; Tomoeda 1982:290-291; Prov. Norchichas (dep. Potosi) [God sends the Fox to tell people that all cultivated plants (potatoes, corn, quinoa, canyua, etc.) will grow on the branches of a large tree; the fox convenes people and animals, tells disassemble the seeds by size, color and shape, prepare a special field for each species; God punishes the Fox by making his mouth as wide as his lie; (translated in Yakushenkov 2001:90)]: Paredes Candia 1953: 23-25; 1957:65 (retelling in Tomoeda 1982:290).