I110B. Orion - kostsy. 15.16.27.-.28. (.29.) .31.
Orion is people or agricultural tools associated with harvesting or haymaking.
Italians (Liguria, Piedmont, Ticino, Lombardy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Friuli, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Marche), French, Walloons, Welsh, Germans, Austrians, Alsatians, Croats, Slovenes, Serbs, Bulgarians, Greeks, Romanians, Hungarians, Russians, Ukrainians (Hutsulshchina, Galicia), Belarusians, Poles, Kashubians, Luzhitans, Czechs, Slovaks, (Terek Cossacks), Estonians, Finns, Karelians, Ingrians, Lithuanians, Prussians.
Gładyszowa 1960 [outside Europe the name "kosci" is not known]: 45 (quoted in Mladenova 2006:144).
Southern Europe. Portuguese ["star group - engaço (rake)]: Leite de Vasconcellos 1882:27 in Lehmann-Nitsche 1932:157-158; Italians: Volpati 1932:162 (Veneto) [Orion - "rake"], 170 ( regions are not named) [Orion - "rake", "flail", "plow", "saw"], 173 (Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto) [Orion - rake], 179 (Piedmont, Lombardy) [Orion Belt - "three braids"], 182 (Marche) [flails], 184-185 ( Liguria, Lombardy, Friuli, Veneto, Emilia Romagna) ['rake'], 185-186 (Ticino, Trentino, Veneto) [sickle, sickle].
Western Europe. French: Sébillot 1904 (Vosges, Provence, Languedoc) [Orion+Rigel Belt - "rake"]: 32; Volpati 1932:172-173 (for the first time with Gregory Tursky) [Orion - "braid"], 184 (Gascony, Perigord) [" rake"]; Allen 1899 [peasants in France and along the Rhine call Orion's belt a "rake"]: 316; Walloons: Lehmann-Nitsche 1932 [Orion and Rigel Belt - "rake"]: 157; Volpati 1932 [Orion Belt -" rake"]: 184; Welsh [Orion's Belt - "Mowers"]: Trevelyan 1909:36; Germans: Mladenova 2006:123 [Orion - "rake"], 144 [Orion's belt - kowers]; Holy 1961 [Die drei Möder (Three Mowers), in the old days they were called "Three Ploughs"]: 123; Haapio 1952 [Orion's belt - "three brakes", "rakes", "plow"]: 221 (German Switzerland: sickle), 222; Mladenova 2006:123 [Orion - "rake"], 144 [Belt Orion - Kostsy]; Grimm 1882 (Upper Germany) [Orion Belt - "Three Mowers"]: 726:222; Lehmann-Nitsche 1935d (Alsace; Aargau canton in northern Switzerland) [Orion-Koszy Belt]: 282; Austrians (Tyrol) , Carinthia) [Orion - "sickle"]: Lehmann-Nitsche 1932:62 (=Haapio 1952:221).
The Balkans. Croats, Slovenes [Orion's Belt - three mowers; in Zagorje (Croatia), they explained that God, in the guise of an old man, met three mowers in the meadow; they fed him and gave him rest; God rewarded them by placing them and their mother (fourth star) in the sky; in some Slovenian versions they are three sickles or three people stirring up the hay]: Šmitek 2001:132-133; Croats: Kale 1996 [Orion Belt - mowers or sheaves (in particular "old woman's sheaves", "sheaves of St. Peter"); Orion's sword - either the same, but "small", or those who shovel the mowed]: 215-218; Belova 2004b [three kostsa]; Serbs, Croats [Orion-Kosce Belt]: Karpenko 1992:194; Slovenes : Belova 2004b [Orion Belt - grablje, grabljice]: 560-561; Lehmann-Nitsche 1935d [Orion Belt - Kowls]: 282; Matičetov 1972 [Orion Belt - "Kowers", Three Mowers]: 51; Valjavec 1867 (Loparshitsa) [Stars are called kvočka; foringaš (Kucher); device Marije križec; Jakopova pal'ca; mlatci (threshers); kosci (mowers); rimska cesta (Roman road)]: 221; Bulgarians , Hungarians, Romanians: Mladenova 2006 [Orion Belt - Kose]: 144; Kale 1996 [Lower Orion Constellation - Sickle]: 213; Hungarians: Haapio 1952 [Orion Belt - Kos]: 221; Lehmann -Nitsche 1935d [Orion - "kostsy", "three mowers"; there is a whole picture of fieldwork in the sky; Sirius is a lame Katerina who brings food to workers]: 283-284.
Central Europe. Poles: Gładyszowa 1960 [Grandmas (Pleiades) bring food to the Kosars]: 36; Kale 1996 (Silesia) [the lower part of the Orion constellation - "kosok" (wide sickle)]: 213; Niebrzegowska 1999 [Orion Belt - Kosiarze ("mowers"); also Kosa, Kosy, Sierp]: 146; Kashubians [Orion's Belt and Sword - Kostsy and those who shovel hay]: Gulgowski 1910:24-25; Luzhitans [Orion's Belt - Xhosa, Braids]: Lehmann-Nitsche 1935d: 283 (=Karpenko 1992:194, Ruth 1987:34); Czechs [kosy]: Belova 2004b; Slovaks ["Kostsy"]: Potanin 1883:723; Russians, Ukrainians [in many Slavic traditions Orion -" braids "]: Andrew 1878:109; Belarusians: Avilin 2015:85-88 and 221-222 [three stars of the Orion Belt - kostsy; three sisters], 90 [Orion Belt - "Rake"]; Vaishkunas 2004 ["kostsy"]: 176; Pyatkevich 2004 [Orion - Kasar (mower), near the village of Kholmech-Matavila (motovilo)]: 282; Sanko 2004b [Orion Belt - Kasary, Kosar, Kosy, Kassy; the same for Russians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Serbs, Croats]: 236; Lehmann-Nitsche 1935d [Orion's Belt - Braids (Czechs, Poles)]: 282; Ukrainians: Karpenko 1992 [Orion's Belt and Sword - Kosari, Kosar, Kosariki, Grabli]: 194; Kostomarov 1847 (Dnieper region) [In the Orion constellation, farmers see a plow, a symbol of citizenship, which, according to an ancient... concept, slept from the sky]: 54; Chubinsky 1872 ( Podolsk Gubernia, Litinsky Uyezd) [the constellations have the following names: "voz {Ursa Major}, kvochka {Pleiades}, chepiga {Orion Belt}, mowers {Orion Belt}, girl carries water {Orion Belt}, apiary {Pleiades}, cross {Swan?} , morning and evening zornitsy" {?}] : 14; Fedorovich 2009 [Suzir Orion at the Russian cities of Ukraine may name, after land use: Kosi, Kosari, Kosar, Kosar, Kosariki, Grable, Plough, Police (part of the plow), Chepigi, Chepiga. In Poltava region, Chepigami was named only a part of Suzir Orion, as the number "5" was guessed. In other regions, Chepigami called Suzir Bliznyat. The earthy character to occupy the Ukrainian population vidbivayut and Ukrainian folk name Suzir Cassiopeia - Harrow and Kosari]: 17; Russians: Avilin 2015 [1) Orion Belt: Kosari. This is how the villagers call the head of the Milky Way. They think that the Milky Way's head is made up of four mowers. These mowers cut and chop everyone in the way; 2) Cassiopeia is "Kostsy": this heavenly sign means "to mow ripe bread" and reminds people that after the fall of their forefathers, everyone should get bread in the sweat of your face, and how to get and harvest bread is shown in this heavenly sign (Kurskaya)]: 87; Belova 2004b [Orion - Grábli (Saratov., Vyat.), Grabeltsy (Vologda.), Kashchegov teeth (Yelabuzh. 'rake teeth')]; Dal 1881 [kichiga - threshed, replacing flail, flat-ended stick, especially for both flax bells |key, poker |three kings, elk, Orion (belt and sword) |constellation Bolshoi Bears with the North Star | (Simbirsk, Penza, Nizhny Novgorod) two stands from the cart frame for carrying sheaves or hay, the cart itself is designed this way]: 113; Karpenko 1992 [Orion's Belt and Sword - Rake, Grabeltsy, Kosari, Kosar, Kichigi or Kichiga (genus flail)]: 154; Ruth 1987 [Orion - Grabli (Saratov, southern Russia), Grabeltsy - Vologodskaya (=Ruth 2003)]: 20; Svyatsky 1961 (Ural, Solikamsk, Orenburg, Kungur, Kamchatka, Tobolsk, Chelyabinsk, Transbaikalia, Vyatskaya, Kostroma, Arkhangelskaya) [Orion-Kichini (a hand tool like a flax roller, less often threshing bread; consists of a pole, thick and flat the lower end of which is bent); in the Yaroslavl region, the Orion Belt is "Driftwood"]: 122-123.
(Wed. Caucasus - Asia Minor. Terek Cossacks (art. Naurskaya) [Ursa Major is a "erandaka" (box) of carts; "other constellations for Naurians resemble "chapigi" (plow handles), sickle, cross, etc."]: Vostrikov 1907:4).
Baltoscandia. Estonians [Orion - flail and rake]: Kuperjanov 2003:147, 165; Finns: Bonser 1928 [Orion belt - Väinämeinen sickle]: 346; Haavio 1952 [Orion Belt - Väinämõisen wikahdin (viikate and other variants) ("Väinemeinen sickle (spit)"; since 1784, but viikate itself is a borrowing from Germanic ones; also in Karelia and Ingria]: 221-222; Lithuanians: Andrew 1878 [ Orion - szenpjuwis (constellation associated with haymaking)]: 109; Vaiskunas 2004 ["reapers" (only the weak stars of the Sword of Orion)]: 176; Lehmann-Nitsche 1935d [seven mowers - Orion 7 stars]: 285; Vaiškū nas 1999:167 ["Kostsy"], 168 ["reapers"], 168 [cep i młochkarz]; Prussians: Frischbier 1882:178 ["Those who brought food" (to the mowers) - three stars in the Orion Belt], 276 [three stars of the Orion Belt - "Kostsy" ] (quoted in April 2015:87).