I43A. Space serpent.

.11.12.17.-.29.34.49.52.53.56.58.62.-.65.66.72.

A giant reptile, a snake, a fish, a chain of fish extends above the ground and/or supports the sky. It is usually associated with the Milky Way, sometimes with the rainbow.

Malawi, casena (?) , Phoenicians, Akkad, Assyria, Yualaray, Virageri, Majprat, Watut, Gilbert Islands (moray eel), Maori ("long fish", "long dawn shark"), Hawaii ("lizard spine"), Tuamotu ("lizard tail"," long shark), Mangaia ("long morning lizard"), Mangareva ("shark"), Society Islands, Kachin, Burmese people, northern India, Semangs, Minangkabau, Nias, Bataks, Toraja, Hama Mapun (snake), ami (fish chain), Chinese, Bulgarians, Poles, Armenians, Tuvans, Westerners (?) shoshoni, classic Maya, Maya Yucatana, Chorti, Quiche, Totonaki, Veracruza Nahuatl, (wawe), bribri, cabecar, sicuani, warrau, kalinha, desana, Middle Amazon, Urubu, Tenejara, tacana, chimane, moseten, mokovi.

Bantu-speaking Africa. Malawi [Milky Way - Boa Constrictor]: Dornan 1927:30 in Baumann 1936:300; Sicard 1966:81-82.

West Africa. Northern Ghana (cacena?) [The boa constrictor ate the baby; the parents called four men; one knew how to track down the snake, the second how to kill, the third how to rip it off, the fourth how to revive the swallowed one; four began to argue who should get the skin of a boa constrictor; the child's father offered to throw the skin - let the one he falls on get it; the skin rose, became the sky, the head became the sun, the tail the moon, the spots on the skin became stars]: Cardinall 1920 : 24.

Western Asia. Phoenicians [the upper ocean is above the visible sky with stars; below is the underground ocean; the Earth's seas are connected to both oceans; two oceans form a cosmic stream, sign which is a curled serpent devouring its own tail]: Tsirkin 2000:147, 400; Akkad, Assyria [The Milky Way - "Snake River"]: Allen 1899:475.

Australia. Yualaray (NSW) [Curreach lives in deep water, swallows whole people; Mrs. Parker calls this creature a crocodile, but it's more of a rainbow serpent; it's seen as wavy dark shadow along the Milky Way; its serpentine sign is painted on poles to cause rain]: Radcliffe-Brown 1926:21 (=1930:544); Virageri (NSW) [shaman dives into the pond where the rainbow lives the serpent Wavi, learns corrosion songs from him; the black stripe on the Milky Way near the Southern Cross is one of V.'s ancestors; he encourages snakes to bite people]: Radcliffe-Brown 1926:21.

Melanesia. Majprat (western Prat region) [during the day the snake is reflected in the form of a rainbow, at night it is the Milky Way, and it also holds the earth with the water surrounding the earth]: Elmberg 1968:207; cotton wool [The Milky Way - "worm"]: Fischer 1963:99.

Micronesia-Polynesia. Gilbert Islands: Grimble 1922 [the sky was on the ground; Na Arean (Spider, although anthropomorphic; Na - "Master") felt for a booming place with his staff, told Sand to connect to the water, they gave birth to Na Atibu and Nei ("Mistress") Teakea; their children Older, Woman In The Middle, Wave, Octopus, Ricky's Eel; the youngest Na Arean Junior, a trickster, was born last; after that, Na Arean Sr. retired; NA Junior gave reason and movement to the Deaf and Dumb Fools (they are the children of Sand and Water); they slightly raised the sky, cut off the connection between it and the earth, Ricky raised the sky high, the earth fell; N. cut off R.'s legs (falling into the sea, they became eels), and R. himself is the Milky Way; to prevent the sky from falling, NA put four women on four sides of the world to hold it, they grew roots like trees; N. killed his father Na Atibu, turned his right eye into the sun, his left eye into the moon, his brain into stars, pieces of flesh into rocks and rocks, bones into trees, including the Samoa Tree, an ancestor]: 91-96; Koch 1966 (Nonouti Atoll, West 1963-1964): 15-19 [ at first there was neither earth nor sky, everything was as if in a shell with Nareau on its bulge; he began to stomp so that heaven and earth were firm; he saw people lying in the depths of the dark shell, stirred them with a stone tied to a fishing line, they gave their names; he bent their stiff joints with them; raised the sky a little, but it was still low and flat; N. called Katimoi, who caught a squid, cut off two tentacles, made bait out of them, caught Riki (giant eel, moray eel) with it; R. began to raise the sky; N. ordered K. to support R. in the middle; ordered the stingray to pierce the muscle {world shells} so that it no longer closes and the sky remains high; cut off the tip of R.'s tail, it turned out to be the current moray eel; N. threw the mother-of-pearl shell, it became the sun, the sea shell snails became the moon; N. lives in Samoa, his wife Thunder, their two sons lightning], 20-21 [earth and sky were like a closed shell; Nareau cut through east, west, north and south; standing on bulges, N. spoke, saying the name Riki (big eel, moray eel), the sky and the ground split, people could be seen inside, they began to move; N. told the Nei Aibong woman to catch the Tikutikutaungaunga bird, tied a rope to it, let it go to people, told NA to name their names; after recognizing them, N. became the master of the people; touched them, they became strong; raised the sky a little; but it was connected to the ground by muscle, N. ordered pierce his stingray; Ricky did not want to raise the ground, bit a man who came up; N. caught him with a horn, Ricky raised the sky; N. cut off his tail, he fell, became a moray eel, Ricky himself is the Milky Way]; Maude , Maude 1993, No. 1 [heaven and earth lay close to each other; between them were Baba ma Bono (Fools and Deaf Mutes are immovable slaves); in heaven, a Tangan-nang woman gave birth to a bird that brought Urua fish, T. put it in a vessel of water; the fish kept growing, ate a lot, it was released into the sea; the giant fish returned accompanied by other predatory fish, people fled from the shore; a lizard was born from a tumor on Tabakea's forehead, she was thrown into the fire; T. put ashes in the water, the ugly dwarf Nareau appeared; and he was thrown into the fire, a larger dwarf appeared from the ashes; he did not burn in the fire, but grew up, he was made a leader; he grabbed his hand and killed Urua fish; people ate flesh, gave bones to T.; placed in the sink, they emitted thunder and lightning, N. trampled them, crushed them; giant Auriaria slipped a slide between heaven and earth, found Riki moray eel there and the Deaf and Dumb Fools; they came to life, raised the sky a little along with the eel; then R. pushed the sky far away with his head, and pushed the earth into the depths of the sea with his tail; A. hit the sky with a rod, the pieces broke off, fell, became islands; A. created Samoa, turned two shells into the sun and the moon; the white body of Ricky's eel was the Milky Way; A. planted a Samoan tree, from the branches of which all people came], 6 [the sky lay on the ground; Nareau groped for a booming place with his staff, made a hole, connected Earth to Water, Earth gave birth to children, including Ricky's eel; the youngest Nareu was born last; he gave reason and movement to the Deaf and Dumb Fools; they raised the sky, Ricky raised it high; N. cut off R.'s legs (now moray eel without legs), and R. himself is the Milky Way; N. killed his father Na Atibu, turned his right eye into the sun, his left eye into the moon, his brain into stars, spine in Tamoa tree, body in stones, right god in the North, left god in the South Solstice]: 14-21, 34-37; Maude, Maude 1994, No. 2 [Heaven and Earth lay close, gave birth to the giant Nareau; he He then pushed them apart; told the moray eel to raise the sky higher, the moray eel became the Milky Way], 3 [moray eel became the Milky Way]: 60-61, 102; Maori: Makemson 1941:153-155 [Tongatonga (Deep Darkness) - The Milky Way; Te Ikaroa ("The Long Fish") is part of the Milky Way, probably a dark rift on it; stars (these are young children) were sent in a boat (Scorpion tail) to the sky; Te Ikaroa should keep an eye on them; first, the Milky Way shared the areas of responsibility of the Sun and Moon with stars; then the Sun was placed on the head of Heaven, and the Moon and stars on its back; because of this, it was all the time it is light; then the Sun is on the navel, and the Moon and stars are on the back], 183 [the Milky Way - Mango-roa ("The Long Shark")], 185 [Mangoroiata ("The Long Shark of Dawn")], 186 [Milky Way names: Long Fish, Great Fish Fish, Long Shark, Maui Fish, Tangaroa Ancestor Fish (Parent-Fish-of-Tangaroa), Sky Land Fish (i.e. Lizard)]; Hawaii: Makemson 1941:185 [The Milky Way - Kuamoo ("Lizard's Spine")], 213 [Milky Way - Ia ("Fish")]; Tuamotu [Milky Way - Vaero-o-te-Moko ("Lizard Tail"), Mango-roa ("The Long Shark")]: Makemson 1941:185; Pukapuka [Te Mango ("Shark") - dark stripe separating the Milky Way from Scorpio to Swan; Maui harpooned a monster and threw it into the sky; his spear trail was a Scorpio nebula]: Makemson 1941:185; Mangaia [The Milky Way - Moko-roa-i-ata (" Long Morning Lizard")]: Makemson 1944:185; Society Islands [Milky Way - Long-Blue-Cloud-Eat-Shark]: Wegener 1844:148 in Nilsson 1920:126; Mangareva [the song describes how Hina-raurega's body originated from the rays of the Milky Way; the Milky Way - Magaroa-i-ata; mago, "shark", changed to maga]: Buck 1938:317; Easter Island [two cannibal fish he goe and humu koreva climbed sky, became the Milky Way and dark spots on it ("Coal Bags")]: Barthel 1962:1.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Kachin [masculine and feminine principles arose and combined in emptiness, gave birth to King Ingaunuamagan; he surrounded the ground with a naga dragon when he moves, an earthquake occurs; supported the sky was placed with four pillars, the fifth was placed in the center; this pillar was too high, celestials appeared from the sawn off upper part, living in water from the sawn off lower part; the central pillar connecting the sky and the land, turned into a Sotpunnu tree - a source of human well-being]: Zapadova 1977:144-145.

Burma - Indochina. Burmese [Milky Way - Nagangue - "snake" + "lots of small droplets"]: Nikonov 1980a: 255.

South Asia. Northern India [one of the Milky Way's many designations is Nagavithi (dear serpent)]: Allen 1899:477, Witzel 1984:9.

Malaysia-Indonesia. Semang (Kintak Bong) [(by Stevens); the visible part of the world's great serpent is the rainbow]: Evans 1937:167; Minangkabau: Nikonov 1980a [naga besar is the "great dragon"]: 254; Maaβ 1921 [nagâ basa - "the great serpent"]: 48; Nias [The Milky Way, Dsawa Nagara ("ring around the world") is thought of as a reflection of a world serpent]: Suzuki 1959:21; bataki [first the earth rested on Naga Padoha's head (snake); he was tired, threw her off, the earth drowned; Batar's daughter Guru Poula Orla Boulang {Puti Orla Bulan} descended from the sky on a white owl, with her dog; so that her daughter had something to lean on HD threw Mount Bakarra from the sky, a new land grew out of it; it was again placed on Naga Padoja's three horns, but when he moves, they happen; BG's son Layand Mandi tied him up; the POB gave birth to three sons and three daughters, people descended from them]: Marsden 1811:385 (quoted in Backer 1874:281-282); (cf. Eastern Toraja [Milky Way - naga (borrowed from the Boogie language); naga was a buffalo animal, lived on earth; so that people would not tame it, he climbed into heaven and became the Milky Way]: Adriani, Kruyt 1952, No. 19:390).

China - Korea. Ancient China [picture on the wall of a burial chamber at Wou-leang ts'eu in Shandong: an arch shaped like a double-headed horned serpent {probably represents the sky or the Milky Way}; near, on and below it - anthropomorphic characters]: Coral-Rémusat 1937, pl.60a.

The Balkans. Bulgarians [a huge snake wraps around the earth or heaven and earth are held together from above by a huge snake]: Stoynev 2006:139.

Central Europe. Poles [Milky Way - snake (source?)] : Gibbon 1972:240.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Armenians [vishap has embraced the world from the sky to the ground; when he sees its tail, he thinks it's another animal and tries to swallow it; that's why thunder and lightning]: Ganalanyan 1979, No. 838:269.

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Tuvans [the first of the nine layers of the sky is owned by a huge snake as long as the Khemchik River]: Dyakonova 1976:275.

Big Pool. Shoshones (Western?) [a snake associated with a rainbow rubs on the sky's ice dome; in winter, friction makes snow fall on the ground; in summer, snow melts and rains]: Powell 1881:26-27 (retelling in Lowie 1909b: 230-231).

Mesoamerica Mayan art of the classical period: Garza Camino 1999 [in the codes, the dragon's body (Itzam Na) is represented as a stripe dotted with stars and symbolizes the Milky Way]: 189; Milbrath 1999 [Cosmic The monster has a different body shape; in most cases it is covered with reptile skin, which depicts a stripe of heaven or curls (cloud symbols); less often the grid is shown]: 275-282; Schele, Miller 1986 [The Sky Monster has two heads and one body, passed down as a crocodile or as a series of symbols; the front head often includes the sign of Venus; has reindeer ears, sometimes deer hooves under it; and the body of a monster refers to the front head; the back is usually turned out, has a blunt snout, plump eyes and a skeleton jaw; the forehead is a deep vessel with a curved corolla, merges with the hieroglyph of the sun; it seems like a monster embodies dawn (the sun follows Venus); while an architectural detail is designed in the form of a monster, the front head usually faces west]: 45, fig.22; Maya Yucatana [current data and sources Colonial times, the Milky Way is associated with a snake; the Space Monster is depicted with a beard, which makes it possible to associate this image with the Fair de Lance snake, known in Mesoamerica as the "yellow beard"; she identified with the Milky Way]: Milbrath 1999:40, 282-283; chorty: Braakhuis, Hull 2014 [Kumix (see J4 motif) pulls his lightning out of a crocodile's mouth; it's a giant celestial crocodile; during rituals he is spelled to open his mouth to rain; the wider he opens, the more rain]: 456; Girard 1948:76 and 1949:458, 461 in Milbrath 1999 [The Milky Way is a white snake; its mouth is in the south, its tail is on north]: 40; quiche [The Milky Way and the ecliptic are associated with the four rivers of mountainous Guatemala, flowing from the intersection of the Milky Way and the ecliptic; the Milky Way is a river in which it swims crocodile; where its mouth is open is the road to the afterlife]: Bassie-Sweet 2008:266-267; coastal Totonaki [see motif A24; ancestors live in a dark cold world; only a sky serpent shines - The Milky Way; its mouth is open; a lizard finds a hot stone, cooks on it; four birds manage to break a stone, get a shining egg; animals bring it to the spring; an orphan girl finds an egg, brings it home; it returns to the spring three times; on the fourth, the girl grabs it with her teeth, it bursts, she swallows it; nine days later she gives birth to twin sons; born first stronger ; the girl dies, her grandmother leaves the babies on the branches of the mageian, they do not die; puts an anon on a tree, whose fruits are like women's breasts; babies eat honey like hummingbirds; the old woman is happy, brings them home; the Great Serpent shines poorly, feeds on young girls; brothers heat stones in the temazcal, throw them into his mouth; it gets completely dark, many people turn into stones and idols; brothers send the green fly to check whether the serpent is dead; it flies into its mouth, flies out of the anus - dead; the elder tells the animals that he will become the Sun; they should not show his younger brother the path he took; the youngest spends time on holidays; explains to numerous mistresses that he will be the sun; the elder tells the animals to make a fire, jumps into it from the mountain, flies east; his uncle comes later , when the coals are almost extinguished, he follows him; his younger brother finds one ash, the animals show him the way west; the old man predicts that three will soon appear in the sky; he is considered crazy, thrown to earth; he turns into a dog, says he will guide the souls of the dead, leading them to the Sun on his trail; the Morning Star rises, all ancestors (tutu na cu) die; the dog takes their souls to the Sun, that judges them; tells the good to repopulate the earth]: Münch 1993:37-40; Sierra de Zongolica [a giant serpent glowed faintly in the sky before the sun rose {Milky Way?} ; the brothers took her sparkling eyes, the Sun took a brighter one, the Month was weaker]: Oropeza Escobar, p. 220 in Chinchilla Mazariegos 2011:84; (cf. wawe [The Milky Way is a creature moving restlessly in his sleep (meaning the change in the position of the Milky Way)]: Lupo 1991:229; tlapanecas [Cassiopeia is a scorpion, the Milky Way is a stream of its poison ]: Schultze-Jena 1938:157).

Honduras-Panama. Bribry [1) TLA's Thunder Road '; 2) a mythical snake that punishes incest]: Marcos Guevara: personal message, 2007; cabecar [Sibu makes his home, i.e. the sky; he needs to tie a vine structures; he sends people to the sunrise, giving them his rod made of his umbilical cord; tells the snake to ask how he sleeps; I sleep with my eyes open, awake with my eyes closed; one person pulled out his mustache snake, brought by S.; man died, S. revived him; S. tied his mustache around his house; every knot on it is a star]: Stone 1962:55.

Llanos. Guajibo [Kuwai (Furnamali) turns into an insect, clings to the genitals of Puacali (Mashunashunali), daughter of Quemi (anaconda, Eunectus murinus), who in at that time he "occupied the world"; takes her as his wife; one day Kuwai's son enters the house in the guise of Aguchi, Quemi devours him; Kuwait picks up pieces of his flesh and creates two eagle chicks from them; raises them to take Quemi to heaven; to lure him out of his lair, Kuwai releases Attalea sp. ants, Quemi crawls out to eat them; his body footprint is the Milky Way; eagles they take him to heaven, he himself is the Milky Way; his widow Yaniluava (= Tenteluva = Tsikiri) is the mother of all poisonous creatures (scorpions, spiders, snakes, ants); she is trying to take revenge for the death of her husband, falls into the trap of Kuwai, is eaten by piranhas; her daughter grabs her thigh bone, cuts off the leg of Kuwaii's other son, Kahuyali (Orion), throws it into the water, she turns into catfish; K. is considered a jaguar and creator of shamanism; he used to ride his stone boat, spreading fish along rivers; the giant eagle became an ogre, Kuwait killed him; where he fell , savannahs appeared in the forest]: Baquero 1989, No. 1:80-81; Sicuani: Wilbert, Simoneau 1992, No. 7 [Furnáminali turned into a tick, clung to Kwameimi's daughter's genitals; girl's hammock above the hammock parents; at night they hear that their daughter is whispering to someone; in the morning F. is recognized as a son-in-law; F. asks his younger brother to bring a whetstone; not to go to K. as an edible animal; he came in as a paki, killed; F. asked for two pieces of meat, raw and boiled, puts them in a nest in a tree, they turn into chicks; they grow into giant eagles; on the third attempt they are able to raise a palm trunk to the sky; F. Snake K lures, creating leaf cutter ants, eagles raise K. to the sky, he turns into the Milky Way; K.'s wife lets F. see through the flared from the head of her young son F.; admits that the tick was from her genitals; F. creates a piranha pond, calls her mother-in-law to fish, piranhas eat it; her daughter took out her mother's pelvis, made an ax out of it, chased her husband; came across a man making a boat, cut off his leg, he turned into Orion, turned F.'s wife into a duck; painted his leg with blood, made catfish; Orion is seen in the sky with his leg severed], 11 [Quemeini sets a trap, Furna falls into her; turns into a turtle; Kvemeini sends her daughter for her; Furna turns into a man, a girl takes him as a husband; turns into a tick, she brings him home on her genitals; At night, father-in-law hears someone blowing the wind; realizes that a man is sleeping with his daughter because he and his family do not have anuses; later Kvemeini turns into a snake, into the Milky Way]: 51-54, 64-65, 668 [The Milky Way is identified with an anaconda (Eunectes murinus) or coral macho (Pseudoboa neuwiedii neuwiedii)].

Guiana. Varrau [Dauarani is the Mother of the Forest; her soul is on SE world mountain and her body is on Yuz-oh; her companion is a snake bridge from its zenith to her world; he is as straight as an arrow, his mouth is always open, eight horns, four in front and four in the back; two pairs on the right are red and green, two on the left are yellow and blue; a psychopomp leads the souls of the dead across this bridge]: Wilbert 1975b: 166, 175; 1976:338; kalinya [Tïrï tïrï is a first-ancestor caiman, produces earthquakes; protects access to celestial waters and is considered the owner of all water inhabitants]: Goeye 1943, no. b24:48.

NW Amazon. Desana: Reichel-Dolmatoff 1968, No. 4 [the girl was in a separate hut for her period; a seven-headed serpent converges with her; shamans (paye) killed and burned him; he came to life, turned into the Milky Way]: 200; 1982:170 [The Milky Way can be seen as a river, a path in the forest, a crowd of people walking, dropped snakeskin, a stream of fertilizing seed, etc.], 171 [The Milky Way is two snakes; starry, the luminous part is the rainbow boa constrictor, the masculine part, and the dark part is the anaconda, the feminine principle; the cycle of fertilizing power descending from the sky is marked by the movement of the Milky Way, understood as movements wriggling snakes].

Central Amazon. Lower reaches of Japura (manao?) [the girl has a period; she bathes, leaving her clothes on the shore; a snake crawls into her clothes; the girl is pregnant, gives birth to a son; at night he is a snake, in the daytime he is a man; every evening she returns to her mother's bosom; everything grows; her brother and father ask for help from the forest owners, a man Curupira and a woman Caa-Maña; a snake son climbs a tree, sheds his mother's fruit; she runs; does not want her son to be killed; he rises to the sky, becomes Boyusu's great serpent; during the day he's a rainbow, at night he's a spot on the Milky Way]: Tastevin 1925:178-183; Middle Amazon [a woman gets pregnant by a demon, gives birth to a snake; he's always with her; one day he climbs a tree, she runs away; he goes up to the sky where he can see it now (the Milky Way?) ; people sleep without hearing his call; reptiles and trees hear, they now change their skin and they don't die]: Barbosa Rodrigues 1890:234-235.

Eastern Amazon. Urubu [the huge snake Madjou-ã lived in water, swallowed people; the shaman Karará-ramoui sharpened the edges of two calebas, let himself be swallowed; the swallowed knives could not cut M. from the inside, and Calebas K. cut all his ten hearts one by one; M. began to swallow water, but K. cut his side, emerged, went home, died of fatigue; another shaman revived him; M. died, went up to the sky, its shadow there is the Milky Way; he himself fell, pushing the ground, so the sea was formed]: Ribeiro 2002:611-612 (=2008:557-558); tenetehara {it does not directly say that the serpent is associated with By the Milky Way, but given the data from urbu and moseten (below), this is probably the case} [a girl meets a snake, takes a lover; gives birth to an adult son; he comes out of her womb, makes arrows in the forest, at night returns to the womb; the girl's brother finds out about this, advises her to hide while her son is away; he rises to heaven, breaks his bow and arrows there, they turn into stars; only a spider sees it; since then only spiders change their skin and don't die, and humans and animals have lost this ability]: Wagley, Galvão 1949, No. 24:149.

The Central Andes. Huaca el Dragon, Sican culture (Moche Valley, Dep. La Libertad) [relief decoration on the temple wall: a snake-shaped arch with heads on both ends of the body; each head has an ear (horn?) ; each pair of jaws has a standing anthropomorphic figure]: Donnan 1989, fig. 15; Chotuna, sican culture (Lambayeque Valley, Dep. Lambayeque) [relief on the temple wall similar to Huaca el Dragon, but worse preserved]: Donnan 1989, fig. 16; Kroeber 1944, pl.63; mochica culture, period IV [anthropomorphic character under the arch in the form of a two-headed snake, each mouth has a human head]: Donnan 1989, fig. 19; mochica culture, periods III, IV [snake-shaped creature with heads at both ends of the body framing the scene or separating upper tier (sky) from lower tier (ground)]: Donnan, McClelland 1999, fig. 4.90, 4.102, 5.23.

Bolivia - Guaporé. Takana [the sky was close to the ground, people were afraid of it, everything could be heard from there; the rainbow snake Suse-Nai-Bakua (she has heads at both ends of her body, a jagged back) and Grandma Beba-Zarara separate them; the rainbow snake arches its back, raising the sky; people are no longer afraid of the sky]: Hissink, Hahn 1961, No. 31:77; chimane [the sky was low; a woman catches an iguana; brings home, holds her son; Iguana grows, the woman transfers her to increasingly larger vessels; when one day she falls asleep, Iguana raises the sky higher, turns into the Milky Way]: Hissink, Hahn 1989, No. 6:64; moseten [spouses want to have an animal at home, find the Nyoko worm; the husband feeds it with the hearts of birds, then animals, then people; N. grows, he is transferred to larger vessels; his owner is killed; his wife sends N. him search; N. raises his head to the sky, finds a corpse; surrounds the village with a ring, kills everyone; revives the owner, they eat the hearts of the dead together; N. helps the owner fish, damming the river; rises to the sky, turning into the Milky Way; causes thunder; stars are arrows that pierce its body]: Nordenskiöld 1924:143-144.

Chaco. Mokovi [The Milky Way, or rather the dark spots on it, is Mañik; it is, on the one hand, a giant nanda driven into the sky by dogs (Centaur stars), and on the other hand, a snake-shaped monster, Nandu's owner and snake master at the same time]: Giménez Benítez et al. 2002:48.