I92. The rainbow changes gender.
(.12.) .15.-.17.27.-.29.31.32.34. (.55.)
A person who comes into contact with the rainbow in a certain way (who walks under it, drinks water where the rainbow drinks, etc.) changes his sex.
Catalans (incl. Mallorca), Basques, Aragon, Spaniards, Italians, Bretons, French, Germans, Hungarians, Slovaks, Croats, Serbs, Macedonians, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Romanians, Gagauz, Slovenes, Albanians, Greeks, Lebanon, Ukrainians (Hutsuls, Galicia), Russian (Vladimir), Ossetians, Karachays, Abkhazians, Georgians, Armenians, Kurds, Turks, Mari, Udmurts, Chuvashes, Bashkirs, Khakas, (Embera).
West Africa. Yoruba (nago) [if the rainbow sees a boy, she will turn him into a girl; similarly, the king's first wife was turned into a man]: Bouche 1884/1885, col. 131 in Izdimirski 2020:111; Slave coast [ethnicity not specified; there is an idea that the person who passed under the rainbow changes sex]: Merian 1914 in Bähr 1931:409).
Southern Europe. Catalans: Amades 1930 [rainbow - Arc de sant Martí (also Arc de Bará); St. Martin and the demon competed to see who would make the best bow; St. Martin turned out to be bright, made of glass and fire, and the demon turned pale; a bright rainbow portends good luck, a pale rainbow heralds diseases and disasters; where the rainbow touches the ground, treasures are buried; passed under the rainbow will change gender]: 114-115; García Mouton 1984 (Mallorca) [the one who passed under the rainbow will change his gender]: 182; Spaniards [gender will change if you write at the base of the rainbow (the Canaries) or walk under the rainbow (the Canaries) ( Navarra)]: García Mouton 1984:182; Basques [if a girl walks under the rainbow she will become a boy, and vice versa]: Bähr 1931:409; Aragon (Huesca) [from whoever starts writing at the base the rainbow or under it, the gender will change]: García Mouton 1984:182; Italians [there is an idea that the past under the rainbow changes gender]: Merian 1914 in Bähr 1931:409.
Western Europe. Bretons (Lannion County) [since the 16th century, it has been believed that those who pass under the rainbow will change their sex]: P.Sebillot, Le Folklore de France, 1904, I: 91 in Roheim 1945:196-197; French [in the 16th century, the belief that a rainbow would change the sex of whoever would walk under it was almost universal]: Sébillot 1904:91; Germans (northern Germany) [Johanne's girlfriend was near rainbows; a gust of wind threw her under the rainbow and became a young man]: Bähr 1931:409.
Western Asia. Lebanon [there is an idea that one who passes under the rainbow changes sex]: Merian 1914 in Bähr 1931:409.
The Balkans. Greeks (everywhere) [jumping over the rainbow will change sex]: Politis in García Mouton 1984:182; Slovaks [If a child under 7 years old walks under the rainbow, his or her may change gender]: Botík, Slavkovský 1995, D. 1:112; Slovenes, Greeks, Albanians [there is an idea that what passed under the rainbow changes sex]: Merian 1914 in Bähr 1931:409; Croats (Pleternica) [gender will change if you write under the rainbow or walk under it]: García Mouton 1984:182; Hungarians, Macedonians [those who have passed under the rainbow change their gender]: Roheim 1945:196-197; Macedonians (Skobskaya Kotlina) [if a man walks under the rainbow, a vulva will pop out on his forehead]: Belova 2009b: 388; Bulgarians: Tolstoy 1997 [zunkt pie od ut r'akat (Gyumurzhinsk), Zunitsata pee water from two rivers (Gyumurzhinsk). Kyustendil); "Daga, or zuna, contains a "second force", God's power. It can turn a man into a woman and a woman into a man. This is how it happens: if someone wants to change their sex, they must go to the river when it rains and where the rainbow "drinks" water, they must drink in the same place, and then they will turn from men to women and from woman to man" (p. Geravina, Kyustendilsko, s. Tarnovo near the village. Seimen, Chorlensko, Thrace, as well as Gabrovsko-Marinov, 1914, p. 16); "if a woman who had only girls goes to drink water in the place where the rainbow "drinks", then after that she will already have boys" (p. Saparevo, Dupnishko, western Bulgaria - Kovachev, 1914, p. 65)]: 200, 206-207; Marinov 2003 [anyone wishing to change his gender should go to the place where the rainbow drinks water from the river during the rain and get drunk from there same]: 38 (=Stoynev 2006:99); Serbs [passing under the rainbow changes sex]: Grimm 1883:783 (=Grimm 2019 (2): 207; Bulgarians, Macedonians, Serbs [belief noted, according to to whom the person who passes under the rainbow changes his gender]: Tolstoy 1997:206; Bulgarians ["Daga, or Zuna, contains a "second force", God's power. It can turn a man into a woman and a woman into a man. This is how it happens: if someone wants to change their sex, they must go to the river when it rains and where the rainbow "drinks" water, they must drink in the same place, and then they will turn from men to women and from woman to man" (p. Geravina, Kyustendilsko, s. Tarnovo near the village. Seimen, Chorlensko, Thrace, as well as Gabrovsko-Marinov, 1914, p. 16); whoever crosses the rainbow (or rather, passes under the rainbow) will change his gender (records from Akhyr-Chelebiysko (now Smolyansko) in Rhodopes and from the village. Plevnya, Dramsko - Shishkov, 1889, p. 77; Gyaurov, 1900, p. 225); cf. "If a woman who only had girls goes to drink water in the place where the rainbow "drinks", then she will have boys after that" (p. Saparevo, Dupnishko, western Bulgaria - Kovachev, 1914, p. 65)]: Tolstoy 1997:206-207; Macedonians [if "the rainbow is near and someone passes under it, their vulva will pop out on his forehead, just right on the very beginning middle" (Skopsky dialects - Filipovic, 1939, p. 511)]: Tolstoy 1997:207; Serbs ["Whoever manages to walk under the rainbow where she "drinks water" will change his sex, that is, a man will become a woman, and a woman is a man <... > the rainbow is most willing to drink water near watermills and therefore you can't swim near them" (Gruza, central Serbia - Petrovic, 1948, p. 334); "Serbs say that if a man is a man will pass under the rainbow, he will become a woman, and a woman will pass a man" (Karai, 1852, s.v. arc)]: Tolstoy 1997:207; Hungarians [Dömötör 1981:228; if a person goes under with a rainbow, it will change sex]: Izdimirski 2020:111; Romanians: Beza 1928 [the rainbow is "God's belt"; the rainbow drinks water at both ends; whoever crawls to this place on carats and drinks the same water will change sex] : 134; Gorovei et al. 2000 [rainbow is God's belt, priest's belt; whoever drinks water from the same place as the rainbow is a baby (boy) for one month and the other a girl; when someone will crawl on her knees to drink water from the same place she drinks the rainbow, if this girl will become a boy, and if a guy turns into a girl]: 86; Niculiţă-Voronca 2008 (Moldova) [if you drink water where you drink a rainbow, you will become a guy (boy) for a month, and a girl (girl) for a month, or from a woman to a man and a man to a woman]: 212; Pamfile 2001:182 [if you have any the person next door, when the rainbow drinks, she drags it away and releases it at the other end; and then that person is a man for a month and a month a woman, and can recognize anything from the stars], 183 [who will crawl on his knees to the place where the rainbow drinks, will become younger like a child; if he crawls there on his knees and drinks water, he will become a girl (girl) if he was a boy (boy), and a boy (boy) if it is a girl (girl). Macedonians believe this happens when a girl or boy walks under the rainbow. The Meghlenorumins, however, add that whoever changes his physical nature will die three days later. In Moldova, they believe that those who drink water from where they drink the rainbow turn into a guy for a month and a girl for a month]; Gagauz people [if someone manages to walk through the rainbow, they will change their sex] : Moshkov 1901:57 (=2004:258).
Central Europe. Poles (p. Mazily Tomashevsky district, Lublin region) [recorded a performance that is contaminated by the belief of passing under the rainbow or drinking water from a place where the rainbow "drinks", leading to a change of sex, and the belief that a rainbow can suck a person into itself: t ů n č a e ś e ko ńč y , to tym ko ń cem ije wode ii putraφi c ł oeka wyi ć, a drugim ko ń cem jag wyj ʒ e, to ju š odana s tym c ł oekem nastumi, ale m ł ot š e s tego ś e ejo , ń e e ž o]: Tolstoy 1997:208 (referring to Kupiszewski 1969:81); Western Ukrainians (Hutsuls) [when the rainbow appears ( fun, funny), the rain will end quickly, but since she drinks water from the river, she can therefore go again; if a person gets up where the rainbow drinks water, he may be drawn in with water; the rainbow gives it away at its opposite end, but in the form of a woman, and vice versa]: Kindl 2003:111; Ukrainians (Galicia) [there is a belief that passed under the rainbow changes their gender; "Our people are superstitious in front of the rainbow, attribute to it the power to change the sex of the person who will (stand) where she drinks water, and in general the ability to cause every problem for a person" (Franco, I, 1, p. 149)]: Tolstoy 1997:206-207; Russians (Vladimirskaya) [the rainbow changes sex; one woman went under the rainbow pregnant; by all accounts, should have been born the boy, and then her stomach fell, gave birth to a girl, and a big, rough one - the rainbow changed her sex; the pregnant woman herself can also become a man and the child will then die]: Dobrovolskaya 2011a: 212.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. Abkhazians [whoever reaches the rainbow changes sex]: Bartsyts 2005; Ossetians [if a girl jumps over the rainbow, she will turn into a guy; if a guy turns into a girl]: Tsgoev 2015: 59; Karachays [if a girl jumps over the rainbow, she will turn into a young man, if a boy jumps into a girl]: V. Prële in Dzhurtubayev 1991:140 and 2007:453, in Karaketov 1995:171; Georgians (Rachins) [rainbow - God hangs out scraps of different colors; if a man jumps over the rainbow, he will become a woman and vice versa; the person who jumped over dies in 3 days, 3 weeks, 3 months, at most 3 years]: Japaridze 1896:149; Armenians: Abgaryan 2014 [girls who passed under the rainbow turn into boys and boys as girls]: 189; Bagriy 1930 (3) [Western 1914, Shamakhi and Goychay counties; if a girl or woman walks under the rainbow, she will become a boy or a man, and a boy will become a man will become a girl, a woman]: 128; Melik-Shakhnazarov 1893 [if a woman walks under the rainbow she becomes a man and vice versa]: 194; Lisitsyan 1992 (Nagorno-Karabakh, records from the 1920s) [those who passed under the rainbow (through the rainbow ring) changed their gender: men became women and women became men]: 156; Moshkov 1901 [who passed under the rainbow will change his sex]: 69 (note 24); Turks [ if a man walks under the rainbow, he will become a woman, and vice versa]: Gordlevsky 1968:75; Kurds: A. Petrosyan 2010 [Armenian Yazidis change their gender when you jump over the rainbow (my own data); other Kurds, according to one expert, just have to walk under the rainbow]: personal message 31.03.2010; Chursin 1925b (Azerbaijan) [rainbow - Fatma anana kurshagy ("Fatma's mother's belt"); if a man walks under the rainbow, he becomes a woman, if a woman is a man; the red stripe promises happiness, the yellow stripe promises happiness, the yellow stripe promises happiness, the yellow stripe neutral, black portends trouble; children, when they see the rainbow, shout, "My red!"] : 15.
Volga - Perm. Marie: Moshkov 1900 [if you reach the rainbow and hold it with your hand, you will change your gender]: 199; 1901 [those who walk under the rainbow will change their gender]: 69 (note 24); Udmurts [when by the cloud the water runs out, she drinks, the rainbow falls; if you get to the place where it went, you'll be young; if you're under the rainbow, you'll change your sex; the girl comes in, she starts to have a beard and mustache; she I saw a bear, got scared, ran, remained half a man]: Kelmakov 1978, No. 7:120; Chuvash: Meszaros 2000 (northern, 1906-1908) [if someone with a rocker arm on his shoulders with full buckets crosses the rainbow from one end to the other, then if he is a man he will become a woman, if a woman becomes a man]: 79; Satur 2011 [existed legend: if you ride a horse under the rainbow, a girl will turn into a boy and a boy into a girl; one girl decided to become a boy; girls in old Russia did not stand out, but she had many sisters and not a single brother; chasing the rainbow, she went to the land of a rich man, for which she was punished]: 78; Bashkirs ["If you step over the rainbow, you will turn into a boy" (they tell the girls);" They say that if a boy crosses the rainbow, he will turn into a girl, and vice versa"]: Khisamitdinova 2010:43, 128, 312.
Southern Siberia. Khakas [a person who managed to walk under the rainbow (letters. "take over the heavenly belt") will change sex and become immortal]: Butanayev 2003:53.
(Wed. The Northern Andes. Embera (chami; probably a European source; the Indians of America do not have seven-headed snakes, see motif L19b1) [the rainbow is a seven-headed snake; lives on a mountain, descended to the river, causing a landslide; drinks water with both ends; swallows people; they come out from the other end by changing their gender]: Turbay Ceballos 1998:13-14).