Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

J47B. Two ropes. .19.21.26. (.29.) .38. (.65.)

The character runs away from the pursuer, a strong rope (chain, etc.) is lowered from the sky. A rotten rope is lowered to the pursuer, it breaks, the pursuer falls, breaks. (In all traditions taken into account, fugitives, at least in one option, first climb a tree and only then climb a rope down from the sky).

Yakamul, Olo, Kachins, Bhutan, Koreans, (Ossetians), Japanese (including North Ryukyu), (Huanuco, Ancash, Peru coast).

Melanesia. Yakamul [two friends went fishing; Masalai overheard their conversation; in the morning he called the man in the voice of his friend and got into the boat with him; after catching fish, the man looked around and saw that the boat was empty: masalay ate the fish raw; the man did not betray himself, but asked his imaginary friend to wait in the boat while he sailed ashore for a bucket of fish; told the crabs on the shore to answer for it; saw two sisters in the sky -stars, asked them for help; they lowered the rope; masalay asked him to pick him up; the stars lowered the rotten rope; it broke off and the masalai broke; the ants gathered his body again and he came to life, began to press ants; gone; relatives think man is dead; star people, turning into flying foxes, brought him down to his house on earth; but the star sisters who saved him are upset that they lost him; during holidays still use the products (yams, tarot, etc.) that gave stars; a man who came down from the sky taught people songs and dances]: Slone 2009:100-102; olo [the hunter fell asleep soundly; his saw the masalai (spirit), put it in his bag and carried it away; the masalai lived on the island and swam with the bag on his back; when he woke up, the man cut the bag with a bamboo chip, put a floating block in it, and reached the tree; domestic masalaya saw that the bag was not game, but a block; the masalai returned to the shore; the man climbed the palm tree; the masalai cut it down with an ax, and the man moved to another; so several times; the stars noticed the man and lowered the stairs for him; the masalai asked him to go down; they lowered the rotten one, it fell apart, the masalay fell and crashed; the stars brought the man to his house; the man arranged a celebration, warning that guests only he could see would come; when they returned to heaven, the stars lit the lights; they had not lit their lights before and they could not be seen at night]: Slone 2009:110-112.

Burma - Indochina. Kachiny [mother went to buy firewood, told her daughters not to unlock the door; Tiger pretends to be a mother, says her eyes are red with pepper, her hands are dirty from work; the girls open, hide on wood; the eldest advises to smear the tree trunk with oil, but the middle one advises to make notches on it; God lowers a golden vessel on a rope from the sky, picks up the girls; he raises the tiger in a clay vessel with a rotten with a rope, the Tiger falls, breaks; the older sister becomes the sun, the middle moon, the younger star]: Kasevich, Osipov 1976, No. 29:104-106; Bhutan [parents have a daughter Boded; they decided to leave, leaving her: the harvest on the plot is scarce, and there are Shinpo demons around; they told B. to dry the grain, driving away the birds from it; the raven screams that the parents are leaving; B. rushed into the house, but they have not yet left; the crow no longer listens; finally, he screams that his parents are gone; no one is at home, the girl climbed a peach tree to see if they can be seen on the road; someone asks to throw him a peach; she threw it; "fell into the manure, go down, throw it more"; same; "give it in your hands"; D. held out a peach, Shinpo grabbed {man} her, put it in a bag and took it to his house; there is an old hungry dog; whispers: if you feed a little, I will give three words of wisdom; B. she had food with her, she fed the dog, who told her to take three bags of seeds out of her ear: they will come in handy when you run; Shinpo tells B. to grind rice and say "I'm here" every now and then; the louse promises to be responsible for her: let her take her out of her hair and leave her in a spit; when the saliva dried, the louse died and stopped responding; Shinpo rushed in pursuit; B. threw the seeds of pepper trees, a forest of pepper trees grew; then - pine seeds; bamboo; shinpo is about to break through bamboo; the moon has risen; B. asks her to lower her iron chain, not a wool ladder; the moon Acho La La answers every time: wait, I'm still washing; I'm making breakfast; having breakfast; cleaning the dishes; looking for a chain; straightening it; the moon lowered the chain, B. climbed; shinpo asks him to lower the chain; the moon answers the same as to the girl (I wash my face, etc.); lowered the stairs made of wool; when he climbed half way, cut off the stairs; the shinpo fell, fell deep into the ground; you can see a girl milking a moon cow on the moon]: Choden 1994:35-40.

China - Korea. Koreans: Cho 2001, No. 78 [a woman returns at dusk, carrying tortillas to her children; a Tiger meets her on every hill, consistently demanding that she give her tortillas first, then her garments; on The last hill has nothing more to give, the Tiger eats the woman (obviously takes her form); her three children do not open the door at first because they do not recognize their mother's voice, they see a rough paw; the imaginary mother explains that hoarse, hands are rough from work; asks for her younger one; sister and brother spy, see her eat him; hide in a tree in the yard; the Tiger first sees their reflection in the well, then looks up; The brother explains that they climbed in, lubricating the trunk with sesame and castor oil; but the sister says what they did on the trunk; at the brother's plea, a strong rope descends from the sky, and the children climb it; The tiger asks God to lower his rotten rope, believing that he will do the opposite; it broke off, the Tiger fell into a millet field, since then the roots of the millet have been red; first brother became the Sun, sister Moon; but sister I was afraid to walk at night, so they changed; so that they would not stare at her, the Sun Sister dazzled the beholder with her light], 82 [the first wife gave birth to a good Kongjwi, died; her father remarried, new gave birth to an evil Patjwi; after the death of her husband, stepmother tyrannitis K.; tells P. to fill a small, K. - a huge vessel full of holes (the toad plugs the hole); cultivate P.'s earth with an iron, K. wooden hoe (the ox eats the hole) weeds, digs up the field); peel rice (sparrows perform); squeeze millet; fairies lower a rope from the sky for K.; P. asked her to lower it too, her rope is rotten, she fell, broke]: 118-122, 130-134; Choi 1979, No. 100 [The tiger ate the mother, puts on her clothes; her three children do not open the door because they do not recognize the mother's voice, they see the shaggy paw; when they open, the Tiger eats the youngest; the other two asked permission go out of need, ran away, hid in a tree; two ropes, new and rotten, came down from the sky; brother and sister took to heaven, brother became Sun, sister Moon; Tiger climbed on a rotten field, fell into a millet field ; since then, the millet stalks have been red with his blood; options: The tiger tied ropes to the children, when they came out, they tied them to a mortar; the Tiger fell into the well, drowned; the sister was afraid to shine at night, asked give her a day; embarrassed, became a bright Sun not to be looked at; three sisters run, turn into Sun, Moon, Stars]: 27-28; Pak 1991 [a woman returns at dusk, bringing roasted beans to her children; The tiger ate her, put on her clothes; her three children do not open the door at first, because they do not recognize their mother's voice, they see a rough paw; the imaginary mother explains that she is hoarse, her hands are rough from work; the children unlock; while her sister and the middle brother eats beans, the Tiger climbs under the blanket, eats the youngest; the children ask for more beans, the Tiger gives the boy's fingers; the sister asks for permission to leave out of need; in the yard he climbs the willow with his brother; The tiger first sees their reflection in the well; the brother calls out to him, he looks up; the brother explains that they climbed in with soyoil on the trunk; then says what they did on the trunk of the notch; upon plea sisters, an iron chain descends from the sky, children climb it; the Tiger asks him to lower his rusty chain, it breaks, the Tiger fell into the stubble, since then the roots of the corn have been red; the sister has become the Sun, Brother Month; to They did not stare at her, the Sun Sister throws needles at the looking eyes]: 46-51; Choi 1979, No. 450 [a childless woman prays for a hundred days; gave birth to a girl Kongjwi; died, the father took another wife, that daughter Patjwi; the father also died; K. works in the field; the ox came down from the sky, plowed the field, fed her; the stepmother and P. go to the party, filling K. with work; sparrows, toad and ox do everything; the ox brought K. a luxurious dress and shoes; while running away from the holiday, K. lost her shoe; the official tells her to look for someone to suit; the stepmother brought her own daughter, but her lie was exposed; the official married K.; var.: two fairies raised K. sky; P. prayed to be picked up; climbed upstairs, the rotten rope broke off, it fell into the millet field; var: when K. cried, they lowered the rope from the sky and lifted it to the sky]: 193-194; Koreans (Hebei, Funing County, Korea; Western 2004 from a 68-year-old woman, teacher, lower secondary education) [there was no sun or moon; an elderly widow earned money selling sweet buns; gave birth son and daughter (the older one); when leaving, tells her daughter not to unlock someone else's door; on the way back, the woman was met by a tiger; first demanded a bun; then, each time she returned, she ate her arm, second leg, second leg, second whole; the tiger knocked, the boy wanted to open it, the girl asked why her rude voice (tore it off while selling buns); asked me to stick her hand, it was covered in wool; the children hid in a tree in the yard; the tiger jumped into the yard: how did you get in? girl: you have to smear oil on the trunk; the boy is naive: we have to make notches on the trunk; my sister prayed: "O Grandpa Sky, feel sorry for us brother and sister, lower a good rope, and if you don't feel sorry for us, then rotten." The sky was good, my sister and brother went to heaven; the tiger also asked, the sky lowered rotten, the tiger almost caught up with the children, but the rope burst; the tiger broke into a stubble, millet {in the text "sorghum", but obvious anachronism} turned blood and has since turned red; sister and brother decided to become the moon, and let the brother be the sun; however, at night she was frightened, her brother agreed to change; ashamed of people and They did not stare at her, her brother gave her a needle to stab her eyes (rays)]: Bai Gengsheng 2007a: 10-11.

(Wed. Caucasus - Asia Minor. Ossetians: Britayev, Kaloev 1959:107-109 [Aldar takes the sister of three brothers; leaves her to play the harp; the mouse tells her to run, runs along the strings; Aldar kills the mouse, catches up with the girl; the next once she sews ash into her hem to leave a trace; the old woman lowers a simple rope from the tower to the girl, she rises; Aldar wants silk, the rope breaks, he breaks; the brothers take his wealth], 164-172 [The sister of the three brothers goes to play with the seven daughters of the Sun; they detain her by throwing a bead into her hearth, she sparkles like a fire is burning; returning to the extinct hearth, the girl comes for fire to a giant; he pours coals into her sieve; the giant comes to the brothers on an ash trail; the brothers go to look for firewood, the giant goes to bed; the mouse gives the girl scissors, a comb, a mirror, tells her to run; abandoned objects turn into a mountain, a sea, a forest; the woman in the tower tells her to fill the tubs with tears (she fills her), throws her a simple rope, she rises; the giant fills her with spits, demands a silk rope, a woman lowers a simple one, but cuts it with scissors, the giant breaks; the girl works diligently for the hostess; violates the ban on entering the seventh room; the women from the first room are petrified; in the seventh, a whirlwind rose, took away the shirt hanging there; Aldar's son finds her, comes for the girl; the petrified come to life, the hostess passes the girl off as Aldar's son]).

Japan. Japanese (everywhere from Tohoku to North Ryukyu): Ikeda 1971, No. 333A [a cannibal comes to a woman, eats all her food, then the woman herself, takes her form, goes to her children; they ask put her hand into the hole, it is said that the mother's hand was softer; the cannibal returns, rubbing her hand with tarot leaves; the mother's voice was softer; the cannibal drinks butter (honey); the children let her in; she lies down in bed, eats a baby; one of the children asks for food, gets a finger; children say they need to go to the yard, untie the ropes that the cannibal tied to them, climb a tree; How did they get in? - After dousing oil on the trunk; 1) she falls, breaks; the children take the living mother out of her belly; 2) she sees their reflection in the pond, tries to drink it; the children ask the gods to lower the rope from heaven, they rise, turn into stars; the cannibal asks too, her rope is rotten, it breaks, it falls, breaks, her blood stains the roots of the millet]: 91-92; Markova 2000, No. 17 [father died, mother went to the grave, told the children not to unlock strangers; the witch knocks, the children ask her to show her hand, she is hairy; the witch shaved her hand, sprinkled it with buckwheat flour, but her voice is hoarse; then she drank a bean broth, her voice became like that mother; two older brothers sleep separately, the youngest with the mother; they ask what she gnaws, she says the roots; they ask for them, they see the child's pen; the brothers climb a tree above the pond, the trunk is poured with oil; the witch tries to catch their reflection with a net; then looks up, climbs the trunk, slides; began to make notches with a sickle; the brothers ask God to lower the chain from the sky, climb the gold chains; God lowers a rotten rope to the witch, she climbs it, the rope breaks, her blood stained the roots of buckwheat; her older brother became a month old, the younger brother became a star]: 71-73.

(Wed. The Central Andes. It is possible to borrow from Chinese migrant workers in the second half of the 19th century. Pariarca, Tantamayo County, prov. Huamales, dep. Huanuco [when hungry, the husband asks his wife where to fry the corn; the children answer; parents put the children in the basket, leave them hanging on the rock above the abyss; condor, vulture {urubu? } , domínico, warak bird refuse to help (children called them an eater of cows (fallen), donkeys, worms); the sparrow descended to the plain where the wild eye (Oxalis tuberosa) grew; they asked for their skunk feed them, he made a fire for them, it went out; he lit it again, ordered them not to go out, not to go across the river where the cannibal Achkay lives; the fire went out, the children came to Achkai; she invited them, cooked stones, mashed them like potatoes, but the children can't eat stones; took the boy to bed with her, the girl upstairs with Martina, daughter A.; the boy screams, A. explains that he is taking out her lice; in the morning she says that sent the boy for firewood; told me to bring water; the girl hears A. telling M. to throw a flower into the boiling water, and when the girl leans down to look, push her into the cauldron; the girl herself pushes M. into the cauldron, finds his brother's bones in bed, runs away, taking them; asks the ploughman to hide them, he hides them under lumps of earth; A. comes, eats meat, calls M., she answers from her stomach; A. curses his bowel movements to turn into M., but it does not work; A. rushes in pursuit; the ploughman whips her; the girl asks the skunk to hide her, he streams into A.'s face; the girl runs to the deer, who hits A. with a digging stick; St. The maiden washed clothes, ordered God to lower the gold chain, he lowered it, pulled the girl to the sky; for A. he lowered the rope and mouse, the mouse gnawed the rope, A. fell, shouting that she would become nettles and various thorns; there have been nettles and thorny shrubs ever since]: Howard-Malverde 1986:6-9 (=1989, No. 1:9-15); Margos County, Dep. Huanuco [when hungry, the husband asks his wife at night where to fry corn; the children ask again; the parents ate corn secretly from them, so the father hung the children in a bag over the abyss; they consistently ask flying birds for help; falcon (cernícalo), pajaros dominicos (small colorful birds), another falcon, galninaso vulture answer that there is no time, whoever is flying will help then; Condor brings the children to the plain, says that the cave has everything they need; the matches are over, the children see smoke, the girl came to old Achkay; when she found out that the girl has a brother, she tells him to bring him so as not to run after fire every time; cooks and eats stones, calling them potatoes; at night, the sister hears her brother's screams, A. explains that she takes out his lice; kills him herself, puts him to cook; tells the girl bring water in the basket; she cannot; A. goes to get water by herself, tells the blackberries, toads, huaychau to raise the alarm if the girl looks into the vessel; they themselves tell the girl that her brother is cooking in the vessel, they say pick up his bones, run; dominico, skunk, gallinazo, falcon, deer answer A. that they did not see the girl (she asked them to do so); Condor replied that the girl was close; the girl asked God, he let him down the gold chain, picks it up; for A. lowers the chain with the rat, it gnawed, A. fell, turned into thickets of prickly blackberries; God placed the boy's bones in a box, left it in the church, ordered not to be ahead of time peek; sister looked in, brother is almost alive but turned into two puppies; since then dogs have been smart as humans, and people love puppies; the girl has turned into the moon, so we say mother moon]: Weber, Meier 2008:117-140; Marañon upper reaches, Conchuco district [synopsis of four versions: A (Pomabamba), B (Chavin de Huantar), C (Marañon upper reaches), D (western tributaries of Marañon); drought and frost destroyed the harvest; parents decide to leave their young son and daughter; they understand that they heard them, tie their children in a bag, throw them into the abyss; the bag hangs on a thorny plant; The swallow is unable Free the children, Condor brings them to the valley; they dig potatoes in the Achikai field; she feeds the boy potatoes and peppers, the girl with stones and dried frog sauce; the girl sleeps with Oronkai (Mulyu-Valka) - the daughter of an old woman; the boy is with A.; when the boy gets fat, A. strangles him, devours him; explains that he screamed when she searched in his head; tells his daughter tomorrow push the girl into a boiling pot, cook the pot, telling the girl to bring water in a broken vessel; the frog turns into a woman, teaches the girl to repair the vessel, push O. herself into the cauldron, put the remains brother in a bag, run; A. devours his daughter, she answers her from her belly; Condor hides the girl under her wing, hits A.; Skunk hides in a hole, streams into A.; Fox, Deer also help the girl; Gorlinka promises to revive the boy, puts his remains in the basket, does not tell the girl to open it; she sees A. approaching, opens it, the boy turns into a white dog; the vicuna gives the girl a golden rope; on it a girl and a dog climb into the sky; A. vicuna gives a rope on which a parrot sits; he cuts off the rope, A. falls, asks his assistants to spread the blanket; her screams echo, can still be heard; her blood turns into a lake, the body into a mountain, flesh into various plants: legs and hands into cacti, nails into blackberries, hair into nettles, eyes into potatoes and ulyuku, teeth into corn, fingers into eye tubers and mashua; ( variants A and D; B names the places where A.'s flesh and blood fell); in the sky, a white dog turns into a Pleiades or the Morning Star; a girl becomes an Evening Star]: Mejía Xesspe 1952:237-242; Caruas (dep. Ancash) [the widow died; left alone, the little brother and sister saw a sparrow with a potato flower in its beak, followed him; Achiqueé lived in the same village, decided to kill the children and take possession of potatoes herself, called into her house; at night she tried to kill the boy; the girl grabbed him and ran; Gallinazo hid them under her wings, hit the stalker in the face to blood; the girl promised him excellent eyesight and plenty of food; the same is Puma and other animals (all awarded); the last is the Fox, refused to help (it will smell disgusting, hunters will easily find it); Jan Jerónimo lowered the rope from the sky, brother and sister got up, they still live in the sky, there are a lot of potatoes; CX lowers a rotten rope and a rat for A.; the rat gnaws through it; A. asks to fall into the pump, but falls on a rock; tells her blood to become rocks, blood dried up the vegetation; this is how the Andes and the sands of the coast appeared]: Arguedas, Izquierdo Rios 1947:130-134; prov. Korongo, north of Ancash depot [when hungry, parents are going to secretly eat corn; children hear, ask for it; parents put them in a bag, throw them into the abyss, bag caught on a thorny bush; they ask for a sparrow, which is too weak, the condor agrees to take it to the pampa where potatoes grow; there is no fire, the children go to look for it; they come to the old woman; at night the girl left sleep downstairs, hears her brother screams; in the morning a girl hears an old woman teaching her son Antuk Tubuk to push the girl into a boiling pot; she pushes him herself, the old woman eats her son; the girl runs, taking her brother's bones , meets St. Virgo; she tells me to put the bones in the box, not to open it, the boy will be reborn; but the girl opened, the bones have turned into a dog; the fox promises to tell the stalker if the girl ran if the old woman will bring water in the basket; someone else if she peels the stones like potatoes; the girl throws earrings, needles, necklaces behind, the old woman spends time collecting them; God lowers a chain and a straw rope from the sky, a girl with a dog climbs a chain; an old woman climbs a straw rope and thinks it's gold; the rat gnawed the rope, the old woman fell and crashed]: Weber, Meier 2008:71-78; Karas, Callejon de Huilas (dep. Ancash) [Achik has a son and daughter; she does not find another child for dinner, eats her own son; the girl wakes up screaming of her younger brother; in a dream he tells her to run; she puts her down his body in a bag, runs; Condor hides it under his wing, hits A.; Skunk hides it in a cave, streams into A.; angels lower a rope from the sky, take the girl to heaven; for A. they lower the rope with rats; those cut the rope; A. shouts, Not to the plain, but into the swamp; falls on rocks; turns into prickly plants]: Angeles Caballero 1990:22-24 (24-27: other versions with Achik, Achkai, Mama-Galya in Tarika ( Caruas, Ancash), Jauja, Pomabamba, Chavin de Huantar, Alto Marañon, Canta, Comas (Jauja), Pakcha (Jauja); no versions from southern Peru); Quechua (Callejon de Huailas, Ancash) [during earthquakes, witches rejoiced - I wish they could always dance; during the hail of fire, they walked covered with long stones; one saw a weaver with oil on his face; said that she had come to eat him; he advised me to close all the holes in the house, burn coal below, he would jump from the second floor, the witches would eat it; when everyone gathered, poured pepper and salt, everyone suffocated, only one slept through the hole in the wall, settled in a cave; two orphans came there; at night the girl hears her brother crying; the witch replies that she is taking out his lice; in the morning she tells me to bring water in the basket; she cannot, the witch goes by herself, tells him to bring water in the basket do not open the cauldron; the girl lifts the lid, finds her brother, puts the witch's son into the cauldron, runs away, carrying her brother's body; the witch eats meat, calls her son, he answers from her belly, she chases; the old man hides the girl in a weaving stark, the witch looks for her, he hits her, the girl runs away; the ploughman hides in the field, beats the witch, tells the girl to run to where the green cross is, under it a source of blood, where she will descend from heaven basket; the girl goes to heaven; the witch also asks, a dilapidated basket on a rotten rope descends to her, the parrot cut it, the witch fell on a rock; her blood spread all over the world, especially through ravines that did not exist before]: Weber, Meier 2008:79-90; Quechua (Ancash, Prov. Wari, Quechua del Sur de Conchucos) [parents got angry with the children, put them in a bag, threw them into the abyss, the bag caught on blackberry bushes on the rock; they ate blackberries; asked for a gallinazo, a falcon, The condor took them out of the abyss; the condor carried the boy first, then the girl to where the potatoes were; the girl noticed the smoke, came to the witch for the fire; she ordered her brother to be brought and potatoes brought; cleaned them, let the girl clean the stones; lay down, taking the boy, the girl lay down with the witch's daughter; the boy cries; the witch replies that she is taking out his lice; that the beard of her vulva pricked him; in the morning the girl hears a witch promising her daughter that they will now eat her sister; the girl herself pushed the witch's daughter into the cauldron, took her brother's bones, ran; the witch calls her daughter, "Rosa!" She answers from her belly; Galinazo, the falcon, says they didn't see, the condor said he saw the girl; God lowered that gold chain; the witch lowered the straw with the parrot; the parrot gnawed, the witch fell on the rocks her vulva's stubble became blackberry thorns]: Weber, Meier 2008:91-99; the coast of Peru (or rather, the area is not specified) [The fox tells Skunk he wants to go to the moon; ordinary and golden hang from the moon ropes; The Skunk agrees to climb with the Fox if he gives him gold; halfway the golden rope becomes normal and vice versa; the guinea pig descends the usual towards the Skunk, gnaws the corn cob, hits the rope, the Skunk falls; this is where all the prickly plants grow; skunks have been living in burrows ever since; the fox does not return to the ground]: Herrera Gray 1963 in Toro Montalvo 1990a: 246 -248.