K14D. An alleged crime, (ATU 910A).

.13.-.15.17.21.-.23.27.29.31.-.33.

When testing a wife (household member, acquaintance), a person pretends to have committed a crime or he is committing incomprehensible actions that can be interpreted as a crime. Usually his wife (friend) extradite him, and he shows evidence of his innocence.

Amhara, Malgash, Dinka, Sudanese Arabs, Somalis, Egyptian Arabs, Tunisian Jews, Moroccan Berbers, Spaniards, Maltese, Italians (Lombardy or Veneto), Mehri, Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Iraq, Syria, Mustang, Tibetans, Viets, Khmers, North India (Hindi), Bulgarians, Adygs, Abkhazians, Karachays or Balkarians, Tatas, Georgians (Guria), Estonians, Kazan Tatars, Bashkirs, Udmurts, Kazakhs.

{For Catalans, French, Turks, and Georgians, the texts available do not contain the K14D motif in our wording, although ATU includes them in type 910A}.

Sudan - East Africa. Amhara [cf. Kazakhs; a sage tells his son to marry a virgin, and if he does not marry a virgin, let him wear black; the son wears black, the father tells him to divorce; so twice; the third time friends they advised me to hide everything from my father and wear white; the father was happy, showed his daughter-in-law the hidden gold, ordered not to sow chickpeas by the road and died; the wife told her husband only about chickpeas, hid the gold; the husband found gold and left his wife; to find out what would happen, he sowed chickpeas by the road; the boy cut him off; the husband told his wife that he had drowned the boy and hid it himself in the monastery; the wife told the judge that her husband was almost executed, but he presented boy; on the way I met a rich man; suggested that they carry each other; called the city a village and vice versa; the rich man's daughter explained: he offered to tell stories; the village was a city if it was in it both the judge and the elder; the rich man wants to marry him his daughter; he demands that she sow, process cotton and sew clothes in a day; the girl: let her grow chickpeas in a day and make butter from them; he left a note containing "7" and "100"; girl: she will arrive with a hundred relatives in the seventh month; after the wedding, the husband was carrying gold, the robbers attacked him; they are ready to kill him; he advises to go to his wife and say: there are 7 jugs of wine, put 6 to them and leave 1 with jagged edges; the wife called people; six robbers were hanged; the toothless was told to show where the body of her murdered husband was]: Gankin 1979, No. 116:159-163; Dinka [the man divided his hair into 4 parts and told his wife what every quarter means; 1) the wife is a stranger; 2) the half-brother, the stepmother's son is a stranger; 3) the dog is a faithful friend; 4) the mother's brother - faithful friend; let everyone bring a calf and the guesser take all the calves; they can't guess for many days; Veozhd decided to hang the man as soon as someone guesses; the stepmother's son asked his wife for an answer the man and she told him everything; the chief promises to hang the man the next day; dogs attack the guards who came for the man, killed two; the wife refuses even to give milk to her husband: that's it he will die anyway; the stepmother's son asks for his clothes: he will still disappear; his brother's youngest son tells the guards to go with him to the chief, otherwise one of them will be killed; asks the chief to hang him instead uncles, because the uncle does not have brothers, but he has 5 of them; the chief hesitates and begins to ask the prisoner; understands everything and frees both the prisoner and his nephew]: Deng 1984:137-13; amhara [the sage commands the son should marry a virgin, and if he does not marry a virgin, let him wear black; the son wore black, the father ordered him to divorce; so twice; the third time friends advised him to hide everything from his father and wear white; the father was glad, showed his daughter-in-law the hidden gold, ordered not to sow chickpeas by the road and died; the wife told her husband only about chickpeas, hid the gold; the husband found gold and left his wife; to find out what would happen, sowed chickpeas by the road; the boy cut him off; the husband told his wife that he had drowned the boy and hid him in the monastery; the wife told the judge that her husband was almost executed, but he showed the boy; on the way he met rich; suggested that they bear each other; called the city a village and vice versa; the rich man's daughter explained: he offered to tell stories; a village is a city if it has both a judge and a elder; a rich man wants marry him a daughter; he demands that she sow, process cotton and sew clothes in a day; girl: let her grow chickpeas in a day and make butter from them; he left a note with "7" and "100" in it; girl: in the seventh month he will arrive with a hundred relatives; after the wedding, the husband was carrying gold, the robbers attacked him; they are ready to kill him; he advises you to go to his wife and say: there are 7 jugs of wine, 6 for them, and 1 c Leave jagged edges; the wife called people; six robbers were hanged; the toothless was told to show where the body of her murdered husband was]: Gankin 1979, No. 116:159-163; Sudanese Arabs (Jaaaliyin) [when the Sultan's favorite deer began to pinch the leaves in the man's garden, who locked him in the barn, left food, slaughtered the ram, put the meat in a bag; to check his wife, he promised her to remain silent: he stabbed the Sultan deer; in the morning, an old woman, a passer-by smelled the meat, came in, asked for a piece, his wife told her everything; she brought the sultan's meat and said who killed the deer; the vizier came to the man, began to beat him; he was imprisoned under guards, he must pay 20 camels; at one time, a man's father told him not to pass his sisters off as someone who had recently become rich; the man passed off one as a noble rich man and the other as a recent who became rich; he immediately divorced his wife, and the noble rich man volunteered to pay 20 camels - or even a hundred if necessary; people from his entourage gave camels - some one, some two; the man brought to the Sultan of camels and deer; the sultan appointed a man to replace the vizier, firing him, and married the man's divorced sister]: Hurreiz 1977, No. 15:93-95; Somalis: El-Shamy 2004, No. 911*: 579- 580.

North Africa. Egyptian Arabs, Tunisian Jews, Moroccan Berbers: El-Shamy 2004, No. 911*: 579-580.

Southern Europe. Spaniards [when dying, the father tells his son to stay away from redheads, not to plant pine trees in the meadow, not to trust a woman's secrets; the son planted a pine tree, hired a red servant; to test his wife, he asked a beggar sit in the cellar for 24 hours, told his wife that he killed a man while hunting; the wife told her friend; the rumor reached the judge, the man was being led to the gallows; not to find the hangman; the red-haired servant offers to lift the owner on planted in that pine tree; the man orders to bring the beggar, tells everything; cut down a pine tree, drove the servant away, beat his wife]: Malinovskaya 2002:214-217; the Maltese [dying, the father advises his son 1) no one adopt, 2) do not take a policeman as a godchild, 3) do not trust his wife's secrets; a young man marries a widow with a son; kills a person or pretends to have killed him, and tells his wife about it; after a quarrel with her husband, she reports her husband to a policeman; the man is sentenced to hang and only the adopted son is ready to be an executed man; (the person is saved)]: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. 911*: 342-343; Italians (Lombardy or Veneto) [Francesco Straparola has the story]: Wardrobe 1894:173-174.

Western Asia. Syrian Arabs [in old age, a wealthy merchant fears that with friends like his son he will soon waste all his money; offers to show that his friends are worthless; let him buy sheep and will call friends; the merchant shows the bloody walls of the room and says that his son killed a man who came to him; will friends help get rid of the body? they refused and told Pasha each one; at this time the merchant ordered the maid to cook the sheep and wrap it as if it were a dead body; Pasha brought the guards, the merchant was taken to death; on the way, his acquaintance suggests a quarter of his fortune as a ransom, but Pasha is adamant; another friend of the merchant offers half - the same; the third, the greengrocer, said that he is the murderer, let him be executed and the property given to the victim's family; Pasha agreed; when the merchant was released, he ordered the shroud to be opened and explained everything; Pasha punished the merchant's son's imaginary friends, and rewarded the merchant himself for his wisdom]: Bushnaq 1987:300-302; Iraqi Arabs [dying , Father tells Ali: not to trust secrets to his wife, not to make friends with the prince's servant, not to take a wife from those who are richer than you; Ali did his own thing; gave his sister for a wealthy cattle owner; fraternized with vizier; but decided to check his father's advice; stole the Sultan's hand gazelle, stabbed and stabbed the lamb, and told his wife that he had stabbed the gazelle; once he quarreled with her, she reported it, and the vizier came for and said that he had never fraternized with him; the Sultan demanded 50 camels from Ali, or executed him three days later; his sister's husband refused to give camels; but the poor boom of his older sister clicked a cry and each of He brought his relatives by camel; Ali brought the Sultan and 50 camels, and the gazelle, told everything; the Sultan returned Ali camels with a load of gold; Ali appreciated his father's wisdom]: Bushnaq 1987:289-291; Mehri [the father advises his son: marry a girl from his tribe, even if she is poor; the son married a girl from another tribe, and married his sister to a man from his own; he came to live in the place where the Sultan lived; hid the Sultan's goat and told his mother not to talk about it, otherwise the goat would be stolen; told his mother that he had allegedly killed the Sultan's goat, ordered not to tell anyone; the sultan wanted goat meat; his mother-in-law came to his mother young men; she said that her son killed the Sultan's goat; Sultan to the young man: if you do not bring my goat, I will execute; my wife's relative did not help, and my sister's husband helped, gave 30 cows in return for the goat; the young man brought the Sultan and the goat, and cows; the sultan praised him]: Hein, Müller 1909, No. 32:80-84; Emirates [when he dies, the father tells his son not to pass off three sisters as outsiders and not to trust either a woman or an illegitimate person; but the son gave two sisters for relatives and the third for a stranger, and adopted a boy found on the road; wanting to see if his father was right, the man stole and hid the sheikh's sheep, bought meat and told his wife that it was the meat of the stolen sheep; the old woman promised to find out everything; cut her finger and went home to ask for fat to lubricate the wound; that man's wife gave fat and told me where it came from; the adopter volunteered to bring adopted father Sheikh, who sentenced the man to a fine of 10 camels; the man went to his brothers-in-law to ask for camels; the stranger gave one patient and the other two others; then the man brought the sheep and He told the sheikh everything; a man returned camels loaded with flour and dates to two brothers-in-law, and a third to take better care of the cattle]: Taibah, MacDonald 2016:58-69; Saudia [Muhammad instructs son Said; stay away from the Sultan; do not trust secrets to a woman; marry a girl from a noble family; S. decided to find out if this is so; went to the service of the Sultan and married an accidental a girl of low origin; stole the Sultan's favorite ostrich, ate it with friends, and took the fat and skin to her mother, telling her to remain silent; on the instructions of the Sultan, the old woman goes home trying to identify the thief; her daughter, allegedly , dies - ostrich fat is needed; S.'s mother gave; Sultan sentenced Said to life imprisonment or ransom of a hundred camels; father's relatives gave camels as much as they could, and his wife's relatives from S. they refused; the mother gave me a bag of gold: the father bequeathed to give it if a real disaster happened]: Juhaiman 1999:144-147; Bahrain, Qatar, Yemen: El-Shamy 2004, No. 911*: 579-580.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Tibetans [when he dies, the father gives his son two tips: not to trust his wife's secrets until she gives you 10 children; not to hang out with the light-eyed man; the son got married, made friends who had different eyes - blue, yellow, brown, black; was going to reveal all the secrets to his wife after the birth of his first child, but still decided to test it first; brought a slaughtered pig in a bag made of pants and said to his wife who killed a man; one day they quarreled and his wife reported him; five friends came to visit him in prison; four said it was his own fault, and the fifth, who had eyes the same color as his father He considered man to be the best, gave silver by weight to a man and he was released; he told everything; the ruler made man one of his chief officials]: Shelton 1925, No. 28:114-116; Mustang [father dies when his son is 11 years old; leaves gold and bequeaths not to trust his friend or wife; the boy leaves gold to a friend until he becomes an adult; when he comes to pick up gold, he says that it has turned into rags; the young man does not mind, but asks for a friend's two children to be sent to help him make a fence; he locked them, caught two monkeys and taught them how to respond to names a friend's children; when he came, they rushed to him; the llama advised him to return the gold, then the children would return; a friend did so; to check his father's words about his wife, the young man stole a peacock, which The king considered him to be the receptacle of his soul, and pretended to stab him, but in fact gave him a dog; the wife swore not to tell anyone; the king promised to marry a woman who would tell him where the peacock was; The young man's wife went and said that her husband had killed him; when he found out what was going on, the king exalted the young man and expelled his wife]: Kretschmar 1985, No. 58:316-318.

Burma - Indochina. Vietnam [after his father's death, Kim's older brother took possession of almost the entire inheritance, leaving nothing to younger De; while Kim is generous with friends and acquaintances; wife thinks this is wrong; when a big dog died, she pretended to accidentally kill a beggar; now he must be buried secretly; Kim went to friends to ask for help, but everyone refused; when he came to his brother, he did not say anything asked and they buried the body bag; the next morning they were summoned to the mandarin; the grave was dug up and there was a dog; Kim's wife explained everything; tangerine ordered the informers to be punished; Kim became De's loving brother ]: Sun 1967:106-110; Khmers [guru said that you should marry a girl or widow, but not an old maiden or a divorced one; the student married all four and decided to test his wives; stole a loved one the royal peacock, hid it with a friend, and served the chicken to the wives under the guise of that peacock's meat; the divorced and old maiden talked about it, the king ordered the thief to be beheaded; when he found out what was going on, the king let a man go, and he expelled two wives]: Marunova 1972:154-156.

South Asia. North India (Hindi) [the ruler of Delhi invited the Turkish ruler to explain the riddle: "False false and false false, dog in the door and donkey in the palace"; the sage promised to explain everything for 500 rupees; began to go to the palace regularly, giving the guard some money; brought home a melon wrapped in a bag and told his wife that he killed a man, and this is his head, let the wife keep her mouth shut; wife about everything said; the ruler ordered the detention of the Turk and only a prostitute living nearby protested and did not let the man be beaten; the man explained to the ruler: the wife acted contrary to her husband's instructions, and the prostitute acted nobly; the guards are dogs that are easy to bribe, and the ruler himself is a donkey who condemns a person without understanding; the ruler was pleased, reported this to the Turkish ruler]: Beck et al. 1987, No. 72:233-235.

The Balkans. Bulgarians [when dying, the father tells his son not to take a rich man (a Turk, a judge) as a friend, not to trust his wife's secrets, not to take an adopted child into the house; the son became friends with a rich man; he left his son (a bird) in his care ) and if something happens to him, he will kill him; the person borrows money (saves someone from the gallows; takes someone else into foster care; then hides the boy (bird) entrusted to him and tells his wife that he killed him; she gives him away, the rich man (Turk, judge) is going to hang the man; the one to whom he lent the money (or the pupil) is summoned to personally throw a noose around the man's neck; the person explains that only tried to check if his father was right, shows an unharmed boy (bird)]: Daskalova-Perkovska et al. 1994, No. 911*: 324-325.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Adygi [when dying, the father tells his son not to trust his psha, his wife, and not to take a pupil; but he took his uncle's orphaned son; he lent a lot of money, but he refused to repay; then the man stole the newborn son of Pshi, gave him up, giving money; let his wife talk, she chatted; Pshi hung the man by the legs, offered money to the one who would shoot; only the pupil volunteered man; the man laughed, pshi began to demand an explanation; he told everything; Pshi gave all the money, the man returned his son to him, drove his wife away]: Sokolov, Broydo 1936:498-501; Abkhazians [young man named Baguaza; when he dies, his father tells him not to reveal secrets to his wife, not to rely on an adopter, not to borrow money from a recently rich poor man; B. decided to break all prohibitions; brought a bag of dead roe deer into the house and said that he had killed a man; at night he quarreled with his wife, who told everyone that her husband was a murderer; he fled to the forest; his adopter overtook him and grabbed him; on the way to the prince, a poor man who had recently become rich, from whom B. money, demands a debt; B. told the prince everything, he opened the room and found the roe deer; B. was released]: Shakryl 1975, No. 75:343-345; Karachays or Balkarians [father bequeaths to his son not to lend money, do not trust his wife, not help a weak relative; the wife insisted on borrowing the money to biya; he did not return it, he downloaded that everything was on his land; the man kidnapped the princely son and hid it from a friend; said wife who killed Biy's son; Biy asked the witch to quarrel between man and wife; it was easy, the wife reported on her husband; only that relative volunteered to execute him; the young man is asked why he died laughs; the young man tells the whole story; biy returned the money and the man returned his son to him; expelled his relative and wife]: Malkonduev 2017:938-940; taty: Aliyeva 2013, No. 77 [Shah Abbas's younger brother He throws ash three times: on the head of someone who 1) entrusts the secret to his wife, 2) takes money from a recently rich man, 3) a long-serving sovereign; the vizier decides to check; stole the Shah's favorite ram, said this to his wife, borrowed money from a newly rich man; he had a deliberate quarrel with his wife, who ran to the Shah, who ordered the vizier to hang; when the vizier was noose around his neck, the lender asked that he first repaid the debt; the vizier laughed and told everything; the most disappointing thing was that the Shah, whom he had served for so long, immediately ordered him to be executed; Shah Abbas abolished the execution]: 344-345; Miller 2013 [Bahlul sits on the sand; the vizier buys three tips from him: not to pass secrets to a woman, not to believe in wealth, not to rely on royal service; B. threw away the money; the vizier stole the khan's gazelle, told his wife, and I bought the kid in secret from her; stabbed him, told his wife that it was the gazelle; the wife quarreled with him, reported it to the king; the vizier returned the gazelle and left the royal service]: 689-691; Georgians (Guria) [ the adviser to the Arab king decided to test his wife, friends and the king himself; stole his favorite goat; in the presence of his wife, ordered the cook to slaughter and cook it, but secretly ordered the lamb to be slaughtered; the king promised marry a woman who would name a thief; his wife gave a counselor, the king married her, and prepared the counselor for death; friends bought him in exchange for another criminal; later the king laments the loss such a wise assistant; the counselor's friends confessed that he was alive; everything was clarified; king to the counselor: our wives are the greatest misfortune]: Wardrobe 1894, No. 13:173-174.

Baltoscandia. Estonians (Jõhvi) [when dying, the father gives his son advice; 1) not to make friends with gentlemen; 2) not to talk about everything to his wife; 3) not to take an adopted child into the house; the son became friends with the master, took the poor man into the house the boy, because his children were not there; to check his wife, he took the bird from the landowner, which he kept in his cage, hid it, shot another in the forest and told his wife to cook, saying that it was stolen; the wife invited the neighbor and told everything; the landowner promises money to the one who points the thief; the neighbor reports; the landowner to court, the judge orders to hang the thief; the man divides the money into three parts: his wife, adopted son and whoever puts a noose around his neck; adopter: let me wear it myself; the man brings a bird to the judge, tells everything; he became friends with the landowner, kicked out the adopter, did not trust his wife any more secrets]: Mälk et al. 1967, No. 121:396-398.

Volga - Perm. Kazan Tatars [when dying, the father advises his son not to share secrets with his wife without experiencing her; not to be friends with the smoothie; leaving his former companion, to test a new one; the son put a dead sheep in a bag, told his wife that he had killed the man; she was angry and reported him; the guards took him away, began to beat him with his new companion; when they untied the bag, the sheep's wife and companion could not stand the test there]: Zamaletdinov 2010, No. 12:57-58; Bashkirs [when dying, father tells his son not to trust his wife's secrets; not to believe someone who swears friendship; not to borrow from a newly rich person; the man decided to check justice of advice; borrowed money from a newly rich man; stabbed a sheep and put a bag of meat in a crate; told his wife that he had killed a man, his wife promised to remain silent; the man pretended to be angry and hit his wife; she ran out into the street and shouted that her husband was a murderer; the lender ran and ordered to repay the debt, or then the man would be executed and the money would be lost; the peer of the man who swore the most friendship, volunteered to bring him to trial, refused to let him escape; the man offers to execute him in the same death as he killed the other; but there was lamb in the bag; the man explained everything, he was released]: Barag 1990, No. 117:302-303; Chuvash [the older rich brother has no children, the youngest has seven, he is poor; the elder decided to check his friends; he made a barrel of mead with his wife, lowered it into the basement; came at night to a friend, said that there was a corpse in the basement, would it not help get rid of it; each seemed to be the same with the others; only the younger brother helped pull out the barrel; it had mead, not a corpse; the brothers sat down to feast, and the imaginary friends under the window are surprised; since then, the rich brother has held the poor for the closest person, and met imaginary friends]: Sidorova 1979:198-199; Udmurts [the rich man lives surrounded by poor people; communicates only with other rich people, although they live far from him; one day one tells him that you will not live without talking to neighbors; once a man called those with whom he is used to feasting and said that he had a corpse hidden in his barrel; they got scared and left as soon as possible; then he called his poor neighbors; they decided they needed help and went to carry and hide the barrel; the man explained everything to them]: Wichmann 1901, No. 12:82-83.

Turkestan. Kazakhs [the poor man gave his son three tips: not to be friends with a fool, not to borrow, not to dedicate his wife to his secrets; the son decided to check; made friends with a fool; borrowed money from a recently rich man; stabbing a ram, told his wife to wash off the blood on his clothes - allegedly he killed a man; quarreled with his wife, she reported to the khan; the fool knew that a ram had been killed, but refused to witness; He told everyone to the khan; he was afraid that such wise people might remove him from power, told him to throw his father and son into a hole; the khan had a bone stuck in his throat, he was dying; the poor man at first refused to help, agreed for the promise to give him the throne and wealth; said that the khan's son should be slaughtered; the son was covered with a nightmare, pretended to be stabbed; the khan burst into tears, the bone jumped out; the khan kept his word and gave in throne to the poor]: Sidelnikov 1958:304-306.