K27x8. Guiding frog. 28.29.31.32.

Only a frog (toad) knows the way to an unattainable object for ordinary people that the hero is looking for (and helps to get there).

Russians (Arkhangelskaya) [an old woman calls animals, only an old frog knows], Russians (Pskov [the old woman asked the frog, she knows], Russians (no place of recording) [ the old woman calls animals and birds, only the frog knows], Georgians [the wife summoned the warriors of the sisters {these are animals}, the last is a lame frog], Latvians [the mother of the earth calls birds and animals, only a lame frog knows] , Lutsie [only an old frog knows where a woman is], Finns [a third old woman {calls animals}, only an old toad knows; an old toad comes to the third sister last], Komi [the frog carries through a water barrier], Chuvash [a frog carries over a water barrier], Kazan Tatars [the eldest of three old women convenes animals and birds, only a lame frog knows], Bashkirs [the wife calls animals, only the frog knows].

Central Europe. Russians (Arkhangelskaya, Pomors) [Sagittarius Andrei is going to shoot a falcon; she asks to be brought home and thrown out the window; turned into Elena Krasa golden braid; weaved a carpet, tells sell; the minister wants another one, comes to E., tells the tsar about the beauty; the old woman advises sending A. to the kingdom of far away to bring the lamb a golden head; E. sent three fellows, gives A. head, teaches you to pretend to follow her on a ship; pig golden bristles (the same); I don't know where to go, I don't know what to bring; E. tells A. to go for the ball, and when it comes, show her towel; the old woman recognized her son-in-law, called the animals, only the old frog knows the way; began to drink fresh milk, grow up, A. sat on her, she jumped across the river of fire; let A. go into a strange house (a bathhouse is not a bathhouse), will hide behind the stove; come, they say, Brother Reason, feed us; and A.: Brother Reason, sit with me; Reason comes with A.; captains of three ships, they have an ax (Tyap-blooper, make a ship!) , a tube (an army with guns will appear), a saber (wave - the silver bridge); A. gives Reason for these items, and he returns to him; everything is burned at home; A. tells the ax to create a palace, and in it E.; A. summoned an army, spared the tsar, ordered the cows to herd for 30 years; he still herds; A. built the same palace for Razuma and a silver bridge between them]: Razumova, Senkina 1987:35-42; Russians (Arkhangelskaya, Pomors) [Sagittarius Andrei is going to shoot a falcon; she asks to bring it home and throw it out the window; turned into Elena Krasa golden braid; weaved a carpet, tells me to sell it; the minister wants another one, comes to E., tells the king about the beauty; the old woman advises sending A. to the kingdom of far away to bring the lamb a golden head; E. sent three fellows, gives A. a head in the morning, teaches him to pretend as if sailed after her on the ship; pig golden bristles (the same); I don't know where to go, I don't know what to bring; E. tells A. to go for the ball, and when it comes, show her towel; the old woman recognized her son-in-law, called animals, only an old frog knows the way; she began to drink fresh milk, grow up, A. sat on it, she jumped across the river of fire; let A. go into a strange house (a bathhouse is not a bathhouse), hide behind the stove; they come They say, Brother Reason, feed us; and A.: Brother Reason, sit with me; Reason comes with A.; captains of three ships, they have an ax (Tyap-blooper, make a ship!) , a tube (an army with guns will appear), a saber (wave - the silver bridge); A. gives Reason for these items, and he returns to him; everything is burned at home; A. tells the ax to create a palace, and in it E.; A. summoned an army, spared the tsar, ordered the cows to herd for 30 years; he still herds; A. built the same palace for Razuma and a silver bridge between them]: Razumova, Senkina 1987:35-42; Russians (Pskov) [ poor Stepan is a hunter; a dove flew through the window, became a girl; a wife; woven a carpet, ordered to sell it without bargaining; the general bought it, told the king, he sent a servant; when he saw it, he told the king; the king, seeing the craftswoman , wants to get rid of S.; grandmother sorceress advises sending S. for the golden ram; at night, the wife tells the wild winds to deliver this ram; grandmother: let him bring unknown things; the winds do not know; then the wife gives S. ball, let him follow him; the ball led to the old woman, she asked the frog; the frog: it is not known what is overseas; swelled, told S. to hold on to her, swam across the sea; on the other side there is a mountain, a hole in it, in hole the closet; you have to hide in it, listen; S. hid, hears people come in; "Matchmaker brother, light the fire!" ; the fire caught fire; then: gather it on the table; when they left, S. commands himself, but invited him to drink vodka with him; he is grateful, ready to serve him; they sailed across the sea in the boat, created an island, feast; the ship sailed, the general on it, proposes to change: it is not known what to a sword that will destroy any army; it is not known what he advises to agree, then return to S.; arrived at the tsar, S. shows how you don't know what he's gathering on the table; king to his servants: hack S.! S. sabre: ruby! the saber killed the tsar and all his men, S. returned to his wife]: Chernyshev 1950, No. 20:49-53; Russians {for this purpose and for one-story texts No. 213 and 214, the recording location is not specified} [Sagittarius Fedot wounded a turtledove; she asks to bring her home, and when she finds a nap, hit her; became a girl, a wife; tells me to buy silk; calls two fellows, they weaved the carpet; the commandant bought it for 10,000 rubles, and the king bought him for 25,000; the commandant sees the Sagittarius's wife, shows him to the king; he orders the Sagittarius to lime in order to take his wife; Baba Yaga advises the commandant to invite the king to send the Sagittarius to the island golden horns on a rotten ship for a deer; the wife tells the fellows to bring a deer; Baba Yaga advises to tell F. to go there, I don't know where to bring something, I don't know what; the wife gives a ball to follow and hers needlework; the king tells F.'s wife to follow him, she flew away with a turtledove; F. comes to three girls who recognize his towel, they are his wife's sisters; their mother calls animals and birds, only the frog knows it wonder; jumped over a fiery river with F. hid in a cave; two elders come in, asking Schmat Reason to feed them; when they left, F. also called him and offered to sit with him; he agreed with him follow; F. came to the old woman and her daughters, went on, was tired, S. carried him; ordered him to be exchanged with the merchants for three curiosities, he would return; they have a box in which a garden, an ax that makes ships, the horn from which the army comes out; S. also returned to F.; F. built a palace, defeated the king's army, became king himself, his wife was queen]: Afanasiev 1958 (2), No. 212:134-145.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Georgians (Kakheti) [two older brothers decided to get rid of the youngest; let everyone shoot an arrow and follow it; the youngest comes to another kingdom, the old woman let him into the house; says that three cabbage rolls will arrive in the lake, we must hide the youngest's wing, let him become a wife; the young man is silent when the girl promises to become a sister; comes out when his wife; the young man works for the king, asks for one and his wife out of nine rooms; the advisers suggest that the king tell the young man to cut down trees in a day and take them to the palace, rather than be able to take his wife away; the wife turned the ring, the warriors of her older sisters appeared, did everything ; decided to kill the young man while hunting; the wife gave a ring: throw it up, it will become a golden ball, give it to the king; taking gold, the king did not dare to kill the young man; new task: plow the field in a day, grow crops, bring bags of flour; warriors fulfilled sisters; advisers to the king: led to bring "neither you know nor I know"; the wife summoned the warriors of the sisters, the last to come a lame frog, sent to the old woman; the old woman gave a wheel, it will lie across the sea as a bridge, a temple across the sea, at the temple I must say, "Trust me, sister!" , the doors will open; the old man came out, gave Tarumbala, although he is not visible; on the way back, the young man meets a merchant, whose organ, if you turn the handle, comes out; the young man tells T. to supply water and food; changed, and T. also returned to the young man; he came when the king wanted to marry his wife; ordered T. to cause a downpour, sent an army, destroyed the king, reigned himself]: Chikovani 1954, No. 7:54-58.

Baltoscandia. Finns [=Conca 1991:162-173; the hunter sees three ducks go ashore, throw off their feather clothes, become girls; hides the most beautiful clothes; returned when she promised to marry him; she is the most beautiful, the king wants to take it for his son, he is advised to give the duck girl's husband impossible assignments; 1) make Tischplatte by morning, on which the moon and stars (the wife drew); 2) bring nothing from nowhere; the wife made a handkerchief by morning, sent her on the road; when the husband reaches the house, where he sees the strange, let him show the handkerchief and behave like his own; around the house there are tons of bones, on each a pole on the skull, only one empty; old woman: the man came by herself; when you saw the handkerchief: you are the husband of my aunt's daughter! asks the servants where to look for nothing and nowhere, they do not know; she sent to her sister, she sent to her third sister; there knew the old toad who came last; the old woman told them to follow her; the toad brought her to the houses, where they hid in a dark corner; a man came in, called Nichtda, told them to set the table; everything is done by itself, the servants are not visible; when the person who came left, the man decided to call Nobody himself; he agreed go with him; the man asks every now and then if No one is here; they sailed by ship, the man told Nobody to feed the sailors; they offered to exchange a table with food that they wanted (and which Nobody covered it) on an anvil: if you hit it with a hammer, 12 fellows will appear, fulfilling wishes; but No one stayed with him; the sailors, seeing that the magic table was gone, rushed after the man, but he told the fellows to drive them away; the man came when his wife was married to the king's son; he threw his ring into her cup, she recognized him and said that her husband was alive; well done beat the king to death, man reunited with his wife and became king himself]: Salmelainen 1947:33-39; Latvians [driving around the royal horse, the servant enters the forest to an old man; he tells not to open the bast gate; outside the gate a lake, three ducks come to swim, throw off their clothes, turn into girls; a young man hides his clothes alone; returns him, they turn him into a dove; when he returns, the old man restores his human appearance; then the second time; the old man advises not to give up the dress, the young man takes the beautiful woman as his wife, returns to the king; the sorcerer advises the king to lime the servant with difficult assignments; 1) bring the lion; the wife gives a handkerchief, the girl in the hut recognizes her sister by him, tells him to put a handkerchief over the lion's nose; 2) bring an apple tree; his wife's other sister rolls an apple tree into a handkerchief; 3) go there, I don't know where, bring something, I don't know what; wife promises the king to marry him if her husband does not return in a year; the third sister tells him to kiss the knees of the dead Mother Earth; she comes to life, calls birds and animals, only the lame Frog knows the way; invisible I don't know What tells you to feed the snake, ask it for a box; an army leaves it, kills the king, the servant reigns]: Aris 1971:101-114; Lutsie (Western 1934) [two farmer brothers; read in the book what a stone is driven by a pasture, a hole under it, two dogs are guarding the lock, there is a lamp in it that fulfills wishes; only someone who does not have a patronymic and surname, but only the name given at baptism, will get it; the elder brother was in in the city, met a boy with neither mother nor father, he was found with a note, the name Osman; brought him to him; the brothers told him to go down to that castle and take out the lamp; O. found a rusty lamp, went out with it; dogs were bewitched people, disappeared, only the chains remained; when he left, there was no one, he came to town to sell the lamp; he began to clean it, the dwarf jumped out: what do you need? O. wished food; when he grew up to the age of 16, he ordered the dwarf to move him to the island and build a castle there; then an army; hunting grounds; books; he read in the book that Maria Krakovna lived in the kingdom of far away, kings pay 5,000 rubles each to look at her; beauty - not to describe with a pen; O. told the dwarf to deliver her to him; began to kiss her, she fell in love with him; the king asks the sorceress to find out where her daughter is, promises reward; she summons animals, birds, fish - no one knows; the old frog was the last to appear: it sailed on a ruff, and he sailed across the seas; MK on the island; the witch sat in a stupa, flew to the island; tells Mary that escaped from the deceased ship; persuaded M. to ask her husband what his secret was; after receiving the lamp, the witch sent O. to the island, where there was only sand, and M. brought it back to his father; a cat sailed out of the sea to O.; teaches call the ship for help, the cook died there, they will take it to its place; the cat tells you to boil water, add ash and coals, creates 12 changes of dishes, no one has eaten so tasty before; the ship sailed to Maria's country (in Krakovi); the king calls the captain for lunch, he does not eat: my cook is better; the next day O. cooks; the cat tells me to kill the bottles of wine, pour the fragments into boiling water; M. went to his place, O. brought food there , she kissed him, the soldier saw O. thrown into a well with mice; there the cat began to catch them; ordered him to bring a lamp from the witch's room; appeared with M. in the guise of a prince; awarded the ministers who condemned him to those the executions they came up with for him; the king handed him the Kingdom of Krakow; the wedding; it flowed down his mustache but did not fall into his mouth; at the wedding, O. kissed the cat, she became a princess, was bewitched; the surname O. was Bogdanov and there was no middle name]: Annom et al. 2018:259-271.

Volga - Perm. Komi [after serving 25 services, Fedot decided that his parents were dead and began to live in a forest hut; the old cook says that there will be no luck today; F. goes to the forest, there is no game, sees a beautiful bird three times takes aim, the bird tells you not to shoot; F. brings her home; the bird tells me to calculate the cooking; every day someone cooks and cleans; F. spied, finds the girl; she tells her to marry her, otherwise she will fly away; she is a woman at night for three years, a bird in the afternoon, then the deadline is over; she tells me to buy silk, a tablecloth with woven trees is ready in the morning, etc.; F. carries the tablecloth to the bazaar, buys the treasurer for dearly, the king orders more; the treasurer sees F.'s wife, gets crowded, tells the king; the witch advises the king to send F. to catch a black deer on the White Sea; the wife brings the deer out of the forest; says that the ship will last only 3 days on the water; the crew is drunk, I. turns the ship, brings the deer to the king; the witch tells F. I don't know where, I don't know why, I don't know who to bring; the wife gives white, red and blue threads, they they will show the way; gives a towel: turn it around when trouble comes; F. comes to the house, the old woman tells me to wash in the bathhouse to eat it when her brothers come; giants come, it's bad, but F. turned it around towel, the old woman recognized him as her son-in-law; the frog croaks: it turns out that F.'s wife is her daughter; jumped with him across the first sea; teaches what to do; when she jumped over the Third Sea, she died; F. listens Well done conversation: Matrazum, bring dinner; when they left, F. calls M. himself, but thanks him; M.: no one thanked me, I'll go with you; F. sails on the ship, M. teaches me to sell it for a small magic pipe; after 3 days, M. returned; F. arrived home, his parents died, and one of his brother-in-law gave a wolf cub; he orders to get rid of the tsar's army; his wife orders to blow through the phone; an army came out, boldly to the king, F. s his wife reigned]: Plesovsky 1975:52-63; Chuvash [the forest is empty, I. comes to the tree where all the birds are; shoots a big white one, she falls, he brings her to the hut, she turns into a beauty; the wife weaves a magic tablecloth, the husband carries to sell, the king sees, comes to find out who the craftswoman is; the wise men advise sending I. for a goat with golden horns and wool; the wife sends him to go for the ball, he leads to the goat; the same boar with golden stubble; sent for the Invisible Sharapchyk; the wife gives a towel, sends for a ball to her older sister; there is a girl in the silver palace, recognizes her younger sister's towel; she gives its ball and ring, the ball leads to the oldest sister in the golden palace; she leads to the river, followed by S.; the frog asks for milk, I. brings, the frog jumps, carries her across the river; into the triangular Three robbers come in the house, tell S. to set the table; when they leave, I. suggests that S. go with him, he agrees; orders him to exchange him from the robbers for crossing the river, a chest, an ax, a pipe; returns to I.; I. goes to the tsar by war, blows ships, soldiers from the chest, axes make fortresses; I. kills the tsar, receives the throne, as well as a goat and a wild boar]: Sidorova 1979:98-105 (=Eysin 1993:129-138); Kazan Tatars [=Zamaletdinov 2008b, No. 36:293-300; the son of a padishah marries his poor friend; the viziers say that the poor man's wife is better than the wife of the padishah's son; he harbored dislike; to take it away the poor man's wife, the viziers tell him to go there, I don't know where, bring what to her; the wife gives her an apple, it rolls, the horseman follows him to the hut; the old woman sends him to her older sister, she calls everyone animals, the last to come is a lame frog; she tells the horseman to take it, shows the way, go into the house and hide; 4 horsemen come in, say, "Grandma, feed us"; birch bark boxes on the table are all performs; the horsemen leave, the hero picks up the boxes; the fisherman shows the stick from which the army comes out, suggests changing; the box advises to agree, he will then return to the owner; returns; viziers they want to take away the boxes, or even their wife; the dzhigit calls the army, it destroys the viziers and the padishah]: Yarmukhametov 1957:173-181; Bashkirs: Bessonov 1941, No. 28 [when the boy is 6 years old, his mother has no An abscess burst in his left hand, a girl came out; immediately all the mares were thrown away; in a dream, the brother saw her sister turn into fire and flew away; the next day he took her from his mother, hit the fire, ordered her to be killed; the parents refused; the son left in a thin foal, which turned into a mighty horse; on the way he extinguished the burning bush; there was a snake in it, led him to his father, ordered him to ask for a lame goat as a reward; the serpent tells slaughter her, put her feet to her feet, head to your head and wish her whatever you want; in the morning around the palace and the farm with workers, the wife is in bed; the king is envious, sent to bring the golden bunny; the wife teaches, how to create a bridge across the sea, catch a bunny; the husband caught and did not give it to the king; he tells me to bring the girl from the bottom of the ninth sea; the wife gave a paper: hit the seas, the water will split in two; the man brought a girl, made a second wife; the king tells me to bring food with no; the eldest wife was the queen of birds and reptiles, she called everyone, no one knows; the old frog came last, saying that there are no foods with none, but she doesn't know where; they went, the frog jumped into the water; well done, went into the house and hid; some man came in; Sarbyay! Serve food; the invisible brings everything; when he is gone, the person invites S. to the table; he agrees to go with him; tells you to poke the house with a stick, it will turn into an egg, put it in your pocket and go home; king tells them to go to their deceased parents; wives took her husband away from the fire; tell the king to bury gold under the king's threshold; tell the king that his parents are in paradise calling to them, talking about gold; the king found gold, ordered to burn himself, the man became king; decided to visit his parents, his wife gave tulpara; at home the old woman, his sister; asks if the brother came on a three-legged, two-legged, one-legged horse, and came on foot; rushes at him, he asks for a break, she ties him by the leg with a rope, he tied the rope, ran to the horse; aspen fell in the way of the old woman and turned into a mountain; well done, returned to his wives]: 160-166; Barag 1989, No. 28 [after the death of his father, the youngest son Safar leaves home; stays with the fisherman, marries his daughter Zuleikha; she weaves, S. sells, the king saw, gives instructions to lime S., pick up Z.; 1) get three wild horses (Z. lets you throw the powder into the water, the horses fall asleep); 2) get something I don't know what; Z. calls animals, birds, fish; only an old pike tells you to go down to the green house, hide under a green table; a white-bearded old man came in, telling the invisible Uzbek to serve food; when he left, S. himself invited W. to share a meal; he goes with him; tells him to exchange him from the caravans for a chest with soldiers; he also returns to S.; the soldiers defeated the king's army, S. executed him and reigned]: 145-151.