Yu.E. Berezkin, E.N. Duvakin

Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by area

Analytical catalogue

Introduction
Bibliography
Ethnicities and habitats

K27yy. For the bird (bark) to a dangerous tree.

(.12.29.) .34.41.42.46.-.48.67.68.

To get a feather, chick, bark, fruit, etc., the hero must climb a tree or rock where he is in danger, or go to a tree that can crush him. See motive K27.

(Wed. West Africa. Krachi [the old woman has 11 children, their names are the corresponding numbers; the youngest is Edubiaku ("eleventh"), only he has magical powers; the old woman decided to starve the children; E. knows all her plans, and his dog helps him with this; the old woman agreed with the Bombax tree, under which the banana, that when her children gather around the banana, the tree will fall on them; E. poles with hooks, the brothers hooked and knocked down the tree themselves, and then collected bananas; the same with the pumpkin vine, where every pumpkin should have a snake; the brothers killed the snakes; then the woman and her husband turned to Supreme God Nyame to summon the children to him and kill them; N. ordered a deep hole to be dug and disguised on the road, but E. ordered the brothers to go around the place; then N. sent E. to buy oil palm nuts to where a ferocious cannibal spirit lived; at that time he killed his brothers; E. threw bells, the spirit rushed to the sound, believing that E. was there, and E. took the nuts; revived the brothers with a potion; after that N. did not grow anymore harm, and gave E. the seeds of all cultivated plants that are now in fields and vegetable gardens]: Cardinall 1931:40-45).

(Wed. Caucasus - Asia Minor. You need to bring an eagle or a hawk feather, but the hero must not climb the tree. The motive is rare. Nogais [Yauryntak is born when parents catch carp, immediately grows up, comes to bay, breaks off the leg of a golden rooster; buy through Bearded {he in the role of a vizier} gives difficult assignments; Eagle helps to complete; bring 1) hare bones (Eagle gives); 2) Eagle's feather (The eagle beats, the feather falls off it); 3) Almas Khan's daughter Bermes (Y. is thrown on the roof of the house, does not freeze, because the Eagle protects B. gets it from the cold); bai finds B.'s golden hair; tells Y. to bring piebald, gray, red horses saddled by the moon, sun, paikhambar, and a herd of mares biting each other; B. promises to go beyond Bai, when I return; I die three times from the cold, the Eagle revives him; Y. brings horses, B. fed up with a cauldron of milk, boiled; bai rushed, cooked, I came out handsome, inherited the riches of bay]: Nogai 1979, No. 7:20-27; Georgians (Imereti) [Tsar puts daughter and nanny on the island; they eat a rolled apple, daughter gives birth to a son named Hvtisavar, nanny - 8 smart puppies; the king orders them execute, servants kill hares in their place; H. kills 8 giants, moves with his mother and nanny to their house; the ninth was just wounded, becomes mother H.'s lover, they come up with difficult tasks for X. 1) get the horn of a dangerous deer, 2) boar stubble, 3) the hawk's feather; they themselves give and promise help (X. kills a snake that intends to eat the giant hawk's chicks); the mother and the giant lock H. in the cauldron, they throw him into the sea; a deer, a boar, a hawk free him; H. kills his mother, a giant, a nanny; an equal young man becomes his sister; at the fork he goes to the left (you will find happiness), H. to the right (not back you will come back); H. jumped across the river on horseback, for which he received a princess; in the forest, an old woman turns H. and his four dogs into stones, swallows them; her brother cuts her stomach, swallowed dead; she tells her to take a towel from the box in the corner of her abdomen, wipe X. and the dogs, they come to life; her brother kills her; H. and his wife return home]: Mashurko et al. 1904, No. 2:17-27).

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Chelkans [golden eagle pen]: Kandarakova 1988:44-72; Sadalova 2002, No. 20:173-201; Buryats: Dugarov 1990:223-244.

Subarctic. Upper tanana; kuchin; tagish; inner tlingits; helmet; beaver; slevi.

NW Coast. Tsimshian [cf. K27; The sun sends the son-in-law to bring firewood; wife: as soon as you touch the tree, the bark will fall and crush; under the tree there are piles of bones of the dead; the tree fell on the slave, and A. is unharmed]: Boas 1912:71-146.

Plains. Grovanter [the hunter does not give meat to the father of his four wives; he hides some meat, the blood clot turns into a young man (UK); kills a hunter and three evil wives; marries; father-in-law gives difficult assignments ]: Cooper 1975, No. 11 [1) bring water (a young man kills a water monster - his father-in-law's servant), 2) bring Thunderbird feathers (a young man climbs into the Thunderbirds nest, asks the chicks how their parents will arrive; The father is in a black cloud, the mother is in a white cloud; the birds cannot hit the young man with lightning, he himself wounds them with arrows, returns; kills his father-in-law with an arrow]: 482-487; Kroeber 1907b, No. 20 [a good daughter speaks to her husband that SK is a girl; a boy grows up, kills his son-in-law, three evil wives and their children; travels to exterminate monsters; a tree presses and swallows passers-by; SK turns into a feather, cuts a tree, releases swallowed; the bridge stands on the head of the bison, throws off passers-by; the SK jumps over it, the bridge goes under water forever; the SC allows the Wolf to swallow itself, cuts his heart, goes out, making a hole in side, releases previously swallowed; man shakes passers-by over the river, throws off a water monster; SK turns into a feather, allows himself to be swallowed, kills the monster from the inside with arrows, frees swallowed; kills the owner of the swing; a man with a sharp leg plays with others, kicks to death; SK puts a poplar in his place, his leg gets stuck in it; the UK marries; the father-in-law tells 1) to get it a glowing object (this is the Morning Star, the son-in-law brings); 2) kill a bear (the son-in-law brings meat); 3) get arrow feathers (the son-in-law climbs into the Thunderbirds nest; they produce lightning, blinking, and thunder when movements; Our mother will fly in a black storm cloud, and our father in a white cloud with thunderstorm and hail; son-in-law kills parent birds, leaves chicks, brings feathers); 4) bring bison tendons ( brings); 5) arrow flints (the cliff falls on him, he flies up with a pen, brings flints); 6) bring water at night (breaks the horn of a water monster, brings his father-in-law); he is furious that all his assistants have died, shoots at his son-in-law, misses; son-in-law kills him with an arrow]: 82-90; teton (oglala) [Corn dies, tells you to dismember itself and bury it; its remains grow the first corn; the man flies for with your arrow; 1) identify your wife among the four bison sisters (the calf is playing next to her); 2) enter the stone tipi (the tornado carries the man inside, he is not crushed by the floors of the tent); 3) put the quiver on wife's knees (the calf rubs against the mother); 4) bring cherry twigs (the bushes are snakes, he turns them into bars); 5) bring the Thunderbird chick (the whirlwind lifts it up the mountain, it brings the bird); 6) dance with other buffalo (father-in-law tries to hurt him, killed himself); a man hits his mother-in-law and her daughters (except his wife) with his lightning arrows made of snake twigs with Gromova's feathers Birds; chosen as the chief of the bison, leads them to humans]: Walker 1983:109-118.

Southeast USA. Tunic [woman falsely accuses her nephew of attacking her honor; uncle demands 1) arrow reeds (dangerous creatures live in reeds; rabbit pulls out), 2) dangerous bird feathers ( the young man climbs into the nest, the eagle gives him feathers), 3) lures the young man to hunt an island in the sea, leaves him; he returns, meets his sister; she throws his uncle's child into the cauldron; uncle sends two servants to kill her; the young man turns them into a vulture and an opossum (their paddle and pestle are their tails), turns into thunder]: Haas 1950, No. 4 [the eagle gives the young man one of the chicks; he takes uncle child]: 31-43, 45-57; Swanton 1911 [the uncle left the orphan nephew to fast in the house; his sister brought him food; the uncle's wife lured the young man out of the house in vain to kill the white squirrel; then asked him to kill the white squirrel; then asked him to kill a squirrel through a hole in the house; the young man pulled out the squirrel's claws, one did not notice; the woman scratched her body with it, told her husband that the young man went out and did it; the uncle demands to bring 1) arrow reeds ( dangerous creatures live in reeds; the rabbit pulls out), 2) the feathers of a dangerous fishing bird (the young man climbs into the nest, the eagle gives him feathers and one chick, ordered him to be released at home; the chick takes his uncle's child); 3) the uncle takes the young man to hunt deer on the other side of the fresh ocean, sails away in a boat himself; the young man wanders through the forest, curses owls, woodpeckers; the woodpecker asks not to curse, brings him to his house in a hollow; the young man got up, makes a ladder out of mushrooms; the cannibal brings his dogs (cougars, jaguars, wolves, raccoons) to the tree; climbs a tree, the mushroom step breaks, she falls, shouts "It's me", her "dogs" are a little bit of hers not bitten; a young man goes to the water, climbs a tree; two women catch his reflection; he spits, they see him, take him home as a husband, give a mirror; these women were stolen as a child by a cannibal; when she came in, a young man let the bunny in a mirror, the cannibal liked it, she did not kill him; the young man and his wives ran to the shore, began to sing; sends turtles, catfish, garfish, and agrees to swim on a crocodile; throws arrows forward; the crocodile swims up to them, bites; the young man throws skins and cakes, the crocodile swallows them; the last arrow falls at the shore, the young man and his wives have time to jump off; the sister recognizes the arrow brother; nursed her uncle's child; threw it into boiling water; uncle told two people to kill her with batons away from home; brother fired lightning, people turned into vulture and opossum, their batons (paddle and pestle) turned into theirs tails; brother began to go up to heaven, told his sister to grab his leg, she failed, became a forest night chicken, singing before dawn; brother became thunder]: 319-322.

California. Achomavi [see K25C motif; Edechewe ("The Wanderer" aka Fisher) and his younger brother Yahtch (Laska) live with their grandmother; preparing to go east, where Sun Woman and Month live, train; they take turns putting each other in their hair; E. prepares firewood for his grandmother; returns several times, seeing from a distance that she has already burned everything; on the way, they meet the spirits Shadow of Water, the Shadow of Clay; Annicadel (a deity living in the air) gives them advice; they turn into stone, the Tornado is unable to carry them away; they drive away the Thunder Brothers with a fish eye, the Lightning Brothers with green reeds; husband and wife Evil Spirits they feed E. poisonous food, he throws it into a bag tied to his chin; he leaves his wooden image instead of himself for the night, they beat it and burn it; in the morning E. appears, tells them to live in remote places ; E. takes the Bee with him, carries her in the quiver, who gives advice; also the Virgin of Flowers (carries her in her hair on the left side of her head and her brother on the right); E. marries two daughters of the Sun and the Month; now the daughter of the Month - The North Star, daughter of the Sun, the Southern Star (Sun. Jan 20, Zech. March 20); A. gives E. two obsidian daggers and an invincible weapon made out of thin air to the Big Dipper; with all these weapons E. destroys snakes and winds (including a rope snake with heads at both ends, p.83); E. falls asleep, the Himnimtsooke dragon carries him to throw him into the sea; when E. wakes up, cannot move his arms, but brother in his hair kills him with an obsidian blade; the Sun climbs onto the roof of the house every morning, turns from east (in the morning) to west (in the evening); the name of both the Sun and the Month is Chool; The month requires 1) to go with him into the steam room (E. throws burning human bones that produce poisonous smoke, burns logs, the Month almost burns); 2) hunt grizzly (10 grizzlies are made of manzanita leaves, have no heart, E. runs, climbs a tree; A. orders to set fire to vegetation, grizzly burns); 3) get an eagle's tail; a nest on a burnt tree with a smooth trunk; E. throws a bowstring from his tendons up, kills two young girls; the Month buries them; 4) swing on a resin pole placed over the sea bay, in which predatory creatures; E. fastens the pole with a string, does not fall; when the Month steps on the pole, throws him to heaven; The month is happy, asks his wife and daughters to be sent to him in the same way; E. does it; the brothers return to their grandmother; (pp.102-111: first the Sun, the Month and both stars are motionless, together; eternal day, it's hot; Annicadel sets them in motion, places them like now)]: Merriam 1992:61-101; pomo [Coyote, Flower's father, sleeps with the Snake, the son's wife; The flower kills him, the wife leaves; The flower marries two Duck Sisters; they lead it overseas; there is a hole in the rock, chewing jaws in it; Ducks and her husband slip through them, the Flower breaks his jaws with a sling; Father Ducks Thunder demands 1) to catch fish (dissatisfied that my son-in-law brought salmon, we need larger fish); 2) cut down a mammoth tree (his son-in-law knocks him down with a sling, the tree presses the dugout); 3) bring a tree for the arrow poles ( around the snake, the turtle brings); 4) bring resin (around the grizzly, the bird brings); 5) shoot at each other (The flower kills the father-in-law, he comes to life); 6) swing each other on the swing (at the bottom of the stake, A flower asks them to part, lands unbelievable; Thunder dies on stakes; people it killed earlier come to life from bones]: Barrett 1933, No. 40:190-193.

Bolivia - Guaporé. Takana [father-in-law and mother-in-law send an orphan son-in-law to bring chicks from the tree; father-in-law cuts off the ladder, summons a poisonous snake from the hollow; the forest owner kills a snake, makes a man a good hunter ; gives fat, which mother-in-law ate became a snake; father-in-law turned his son-in-law into an anteater]: Hissink, Hahn 1961, No. 62:165-176; (cf. surui [the man asks his brother to get a harpy eagle chick from the tree; asks him what he is like, if the feathers are large; How are your wife's genitals! The man cuts off the vines, leaves, the brother cannot go down; the chick turns him into an eagle; the eagle mother tells him to bring game, he can't, the chick hunts instead of him; the hero sends the bird to see where is his brother; in the form of an eagle he kills him, lifts him into the air, eats his flesh, his skull turns into a tinamus sp.; a left-handed person injures the hero with an arrow, hides in a cave; women go to him, calling him name, Mosan! the hero summons him in the same way, kills him, he turns into cancer; the eagle father requires the hero 1) to make arrows (suitable feathers are needed; the beetles first eat the young man's feather jewelry, then on the arrows gorgeous plumage appears); 2) cotton tension for the hammock (trumpet birds are spinning); 3) cut a wooden corn stupa (the squirrel does); 4) clear the area; the hero clears, leaving one tree; asks the eagle to cut it down; he is exhausted from this work, dies]: Mindlin 1995, No. 4:14-20).

Southern Amazon. Bororo: Wilbert, Simoneau 1983, No. 104 [Toribugu is Kiare Ware's son from his deceased wife; another wife seduced him, decorated him with white fluff; KV noticed this fluff on his wife's belt; had a party, saw that only T. is decorated with the same; KV decides to lime her son, the grandmother helps T.; 1) kill the jaguar; 2) get a rattle from the spirits (brought by locusts); get the fruits of a tree growing in the middle of the lake in which perfume (the spider transported the squirrel, it got it, the perfume caused a flood, but the spider saved the squirrel, she gnawed off the fruit, brought it); 4) go with the KV, get the mako chicks from the cliff; KV began to rock the pole, along which T. was climbing, he stuck his grandmother's wand into the rock, climbed; KV removed the stairs, T. suffered from hunger and thirst; T. made a small bow, shot lizards, hung vultures on his belt they pecked his buttocks, picked up his corpse to eat on the ground by the water; T.'s food falls through; T. put the root given by his grandmother, he became new flesh; people left the village; T. caught up with his grandmother first in in the form of a bird, then a lizard; his grandmother and younger brother recognized him; on the occasion of his son's return, the father hunted; T. made horns for himself from the branches, became a deer, before that ordered the deer to be driven to the KV, raised him to the horns, threw piranhas, returned as a man himself; KV's wives noticed scars on T.'s head, where there were horns, they wanted to kill him, he killed them himself], 105 [Geriguiguiatugo has an affair with a young stepmother; his father gives difficult errands, the young man's grandmother teaches him what to do every time; 1) kill a jaguar, 2) get a rattle from the spirits (locusts get it), 3) get the nuts of a palm tree growing in the water (there are dangerous spirits in the lake ; a spider carries a squirrel, it brings a nut), 4) get chicks from the cliff (the father throws the stairs, the young man goes down with vultures); turns into a deer, kills his father with a horn; when the father's wife they learn about it, he kills them too; retelling in Lévi-Strauss 1964:43-45]: 198-203, 204-209; nambikwara [the forest spirit Sivityahlusu brings two brothers to him, marries his daughters; tells 1) to bring nuts (the harpy eagle attacks the older brother climbing a palm tree; he breaks his wing; the father-in-law revives the bird; next time everything repeats, but the bird cannot be revived), 2) to the older brother get a battleship out of its hole (S. tries to kill his son-in-law, he kills him himself); mother-in-law kills his older brother by letting poisonous insects; wives turn the youngest into a pashiuba palm]: Pereira 1983, No. 40:58-61; paresi: Pereira 1986, No. 7 [the younger brother is trapped by the demon Shikhali; he brings him home, says he brought firewood; his two daughters lie down with a young man; their vaginas are poisonous insects, they tell him to stick his reed, pull out the insects, have sex, then put the insects back; at night, the young man falls asleep, is eaten by S.; the same thing happens to his older brother, but he does not fall asleep; Sh. 1) sends him to bring toucans (they kill people); the old woman tells him to burn the thorns on the tree first (var: wives cover the holes in the young man's face with wax, the toucans did not peck him); the young man brings toucans, Sh. revives them; 2) clean the bird cage (there snakes, old woman or wives warn, he burns snakes, S. revives); 3) fish with poison (old woman: there are caimans created by S.; you need to heat the stones, boil the lake; S. revives the cooked creatures); 4) get the vine to make arrows (the vine must fall on his head, the water spirit pulls out); 5) tear the bark off the tree (the son-in-law climbs up, throws the bark, killing S.); Bugs came out of his stomach, so his daughters could not revive him; two beetles were turned into a sacred nose flute; the young man, along with his boy and girl, swims down the river in a trough for cassava; wives send two parrots; they fly into the young man's mouth, cut his heart, come out of the sides; since then they are red; children tease Cocotero (their father's sister) who comes to them that she is hairy vulva; every time she wants to grab them, they jump into the water; Zatiamare (K.'s elder brother and the dead boys) catches them in a trap; the forest spirit copulates with the girl, she becomes a spirit herself; A boy is killed by fish, he flies away with a falcon; Z. finds his veins, teeth and brain, makes them into timbo, fish poison, kills many fish], 14 [Erwaxixi is Káymare's son, converges with his youngest wife; he gives it to his son tasks; the grandfather teaches the young man how to complete them; 1) get a vine from the tree (it must fall on the young man's head; the bat cuts it off), 2) cut off the arrow reeds (snakes must bite the young man, the kabipara cuts off ), 3) bring reeds from the other side of the river (Euterpe ripesti brings down a tree, makes a bridge; the second time the father destroys the bridge; the young man lures vultures, covered with dead fish, catches, pulls feathers, flies across the river); turns into a deer, kills his father with his horns; takes his wives; they notice blood on his head, kill him]: 131-149, 236-242; kamayura [younger brother sleeps with his elder's wives; he gives difficult tasks; the grandfather advises how to complete them; 1) bring a heavy tree (the termite gnaws out the core), 2) bring a mako chick living in the hollow (only a snake lives there, the young man brings it), 3) undergo the procedure for applying ritual scars with a scraper (puts on a bark suit; then the grandfather makes safe cuts), 4) bring perfume tobacco (hummingbirds bring), 5) bring arrow reeds (they bring them owns a monstrous battleship; finches and turtles bring), 6) get axes from Thunder (the hero tells Thunder that he is cutting wood for his mistress; Thunder laughs, his wife tickles him until he loses consciousness; allows the hero to take axes; Thunder chases him, but woodpeckers protect him), 7) bring necklaces and bracelets from cannibals (brings, leaves behind clay, stumps, cramps that interfere with pursuers), 8) get an eagle chick (brother throws the stairs; the hero takes a dead mouse with him to lure the vultures; they lower it); the older brother calls the younger brother to hunt for the beast to destroy him; the beast raises him the elder's horns; the youngest takes the women for himself]: Agostinho 1974, No. 9:192-199; Münzel 1973:120-147; Villas Boas, Villas Boas 1973:213-225; vaura [in Morená on the banks of the river. Kuluene Kanalapá sleeps with his uncle Yanamá's wife; he gives difficult assignments; the grandmother helps K. with advice, tells him to wrap his arms and legs in cotton threads, snag and take mice with them; I tell you bring 1) a venomous snake tooth scraper to make ritual cuts to the body (catches a snake by throwing a circle of embir fibers over it; covered with bark when incisions are made with a poisonous scraper), 2) heavy tree (termites gnaw out the core), 3) fruit seeds (for a rattle?) from a rattlesnake (locusts got it), 4) the arrow reeds owned by Fire (the bird brought it), 5) the fruits of a genipa growing on the island (the spider brought it, the piranhas did not eat it), 6) the cannibal belt (Jacou's bird helped), 7) a drawing of a house like cannibals (he tells cannibals that he sleeps with his uncle's wife; they laugh, he examines the house), 8) a battleship's claw (goes down the hole, kills an battleship), 9) get a chick harpy eagle; K. finds an egg in the nest, there is a chick in it; Y. replies that the chick is covered with fluff like the hair between the legs of his wife Y.; Y. began to hit the tree, it grew to the sky; K. unwound the threads, but it was not enough to the ground ; the mouse went bad, the urubu vulture flew in, K. descended to the ground on it, promised to give him a share after hunting; at midnight he came to his grandmother, who told him to make a wooden spear to become a deer; in the morning K. played into the ball; K. entered the deer's belly in the forest, the deer crossed the road near Y.'s house, all with batons behind him; the deer killed Y. with a horn, ran away; people did not know that the deer was K.; K. began to play ball, married his uncle's widow]: Schultz, Chiara 1971:111-119; Trumai [Jemenari meets his sister, Kelenawary is born; he grows up, sleeps with his father/uncle's wife; he tells me to get 1) coloring the fruit from the tree where the snake lives ( the hero frightened her), 2) cross the river with piranhas (K. is bitten, recovered), 3) bring valuable wood from the Rain House (Rain copulates with his wife many times, falls asleep, K. pulls out wood); K. and J. do together a harpy eagle cage; K. sits on a cage, says she is no more than one pubic hair of J.'s wife; he took out a vertical pole, the poles sprung, K. fell on a tall tree; anthropomorphic Nane's flying creature heals him; J. makes a deer to kill K., but a deer kills him; K. sleeps with his uncle's wife]: Murphy, Quain 1955:73-76; Monod-Becquelin 1975, No. 12:80-92.