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Ethnicities and habitats

K38d1. A girl sacrificed to a dragon.

.11.-.15.17.21.-.23.26.-.35. (.41.)

Fearing a monster living in the water or wanting to stop the flood, a girl is sacrificed or voluntarily hides in the waters.

Venda, Laadi, Kikuyu, Maragoli, aka, Ramba, Mandingo, Malinke, Mosi, Fulbe, Nubians, Sudanese Arabs, Zuahua Berbers (Kabylia), Kabila, Latins, Algerian Arabs, Palestinians, Arabs Syria, Iraq, Milhiem (Manipur), Thais, Gondas (Tetum or Kemak), Chinese (Sichuan, Henan, Zhejiang), Ancient Greece, Bosnians, Macedonians, Serbs, Greeks (Lemnos), Moldovans, Gagauz people, Ukrainians (Transcarpathia) , Slovaks, Crimean Tatars, Abkhazians, Abazins, Adygs, Kabardian, Ossetians, Nogais, Ingush, Avars, Lezgins, Aguls, Udins, Megrelians, Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Turks, Kurds, Lurs, Persians, Baluchis, Turkmens, Danes, Mari, Bashkirs, Kyrgyz, (beaver).

Bantu-speaking Africa. Venda [(2 var.); Boa has two wives; the eldest knows that the husband is a boa constrictor, the youngest does not know; at night she feels something strange, the Boa tells her to remain silent; despite the eldest wife's prohibition, the youngest returns in the afternoon from the field to the village, Boa sees Boa in the company of other men; The boa goes into the lake, all the water disappears (it remains only in this lake); the youngest wife of Boa is told to go to the lake, carrying a vessel of beer; as soon as she disappeared into the water, the rains returned, the reservoirs filled]: Roumeguère-Eberhard 1963:14-16; laadi [(European borrowing); Samba went into the house, asked the old woman for water; she gave rotten at the bottom calebasses; the crocodile holds the water, gives a little in exchange for the girls, the turn of the chief's eldest daughter; S. shot the crocodile, cut off its tail, left, leaving his sandals; the crocodile was abandoned by the chief's daughter, then another girl; she found out that the crocodile was dead; everyone began to try on their shoes; only S. came up, his crocodile tail was cut off; S. received the leader's daughter]: Aksenova et al. 2005:103-105; kikuyu [vo During the drought, the sorcerer ordered cattle to be collected as a gift to the father of the girl they decided to sacrifice; as she plunges into the water, she turns first to strangers, then to her father, mother, and relatives , to a friend: "Do you say that I am dying, let it rain"; when she disappeared under water, it rained; girls go to fetch water, each helps put a vessel of water on the other's head; no one wants help the younger sister sacrificed, call her sister who sold her sister for the rain; then the girl asks the water of the lake to come out to help her; the beast of the lake (so!) answers: I have a son, I have a daughter, I can't leave them; but she went out, with her two children, gave her sister beads, corn, bananas, meat; she buried them at home, asked her mother if she would beat her, began to tell her, the mother forbade remembering the one who was missing, beat the girl; she told her father, they went to the sorcerer, who could not help, went to another, said that the beast kept the girl in the lake; the sorcerer ordered to cook mead, dig holes from lake to house, pour beer into each one, let the girl start luring her sister; at every hole, closer to home, the girl sang, "You river man, my father invites you to drink beer" ; the beast goes from one hole to another, with a girl and her two children; they slipped away from him outside the house, and the river man swung into the river again; the girl stayed at home]; Mwangi 1983:72-75; (cf. tsonga [there is almost no water in the river, but Timba always brings a vessel full of clean water; says she is getting married; her fiance is a serpent, the owner of the river; he sends her father cattle as a ransom and tells T. not to be afraid of anything; the river is filled with water; T. finds himself in the house at the bottom and then back on earth, the serpent turns into a mighty leader; the sorcerer turned him into a snake for a while until he finds a girl who would not be afraid to go with him; now he must conquer the kingdom; they come to Volha-Volha, who orders all black newborns to be killed; only those with skin remain copper colors; a former snake kills BB, rivers fill with water]: Bouthill, Drake 1908, No. 8-9:80-114); maragoli [cannibals ate everyone; a boy and a girl are left; in the absence of other people, they came together but the house burned down and they were with him; from the remains of the young man grew a bitter plant, the girls grew sweet; in another village, a man with many wives; the barren found these plants and cooked them, but they were bitter; left them in a pot; they turned first into two bones, then into a boy and a girl; they grew up; the cannibal came to ask her, but was refused; then he began to live in the sea, and dried the rivers and lakes; people they offered him girls and cows to return the water, but he only wanted Namulagi (that daughter of an infertile woman); N.'s brother told him to tell the ogre that he would give it to him tomorrow; then it rained; when the cannibal got out of the water, brother N. killed him with a spear; brother and sister took their mother and began to live separately from others]: Kavaji 2005, No. 1:184-193; ramba [Leo and Ox became friends; came to the old woman ask for water; she says an eight-headed serpent gives water in exchange for girls; friends kill him]: Frobenius in Baumann 1936:194; pygmies aka [Nzôya is a great hunter, other men are jealous , they try to kill him unsuccessfully, he leaves; in one place a large crocodile does not allow him to approach the river, a girl must be given every year for the right to use water; N. killed a crocodile, ripped open his belly, whole swallowed children came out of it a day, but one died when N. hit the crocodile with a knife; the leader handed over his post to N., married the rescued girl and another]: Motte-Florac 2004, No. 33:146-155.

West Africa. Mandingo (Guinea Bissau) [(European borrowing?) ; Malan goes hunting, his stupid and angry sister Njatta tells him not to take dogs with him; M. throws beans behind to find his way home, N. follows and picks up; M. searches for fire, sees smoke, comes to a blind cannibal; a huge cat brings her a man; M. sneaked in to take a coal, but N. tells the cannibal that her brother has come; the cannibal tells her hair to tie those who have come; dogs hear, come running, they kill the cannibal; M. and the dogs go one way, N. the other; dogs see how the hedgehog kills the frog and immediately revives it with grass; M. collects this grass; the girl Maria Futuma is given to be eaten the seven-headed snake in exchange for water; M.'s dogs kill the snake, he carves out his tongues; the swineherd says that he killed the snake, N. confirms; everything turns out that the swineherd and N. pull out their tongue; N. puts a knife in bed M., he dies, he is buried; dogs find revitalizing grass, killing N., reviving M.]: Mendelssohn 1971:203 -212; raspberries [the snake Bida sends a golden shower three times a year in exchange for 9 girls; agrees to one thing; a beautiful woman is born, Mamadi Sefe Dekote becomes a lover, who cuts off the snake's head when it sticks out of the reservoir; the head soars and falls far away, there is now a lot of gold]: Frobenius 1921c, No. 3:64-72; mosi [a man comes to the village, asks an old woman for water, she says that there is little water, it is kept by snakes; every 7 days the chief gives him a girl to eat; a man goes to to the spring, cuts off the snake's head, tells the girl to go home; the next day there is plenty of water, the chief gathers people to find out who killed the snake; the man says he is; he is rewarded, he leaves]: Klipple 1992:120 ; fulbe [when Hambodeju is 10 years old, his father, king, dies; his uncle (father's brother) takes the throne; H. has grown up, his uncle's son tells him to get out; H. goes on Bonnujuwadu's horse to seek allies to fight his uncle; comes to Elle, the king of the Tuareg city; his son grabs his hat, H. kills him; the three-headed Kurua lives in a pond, gives water in exchange for a girl who is given to him every year; Fatuma Elle's turn is daughter of the king and sister of the murdered prince; H. stopped at the old woman, who says that there will be no water until F. is sacrificed; the servant leads H. to the reservoir, H. consistently cuts off K.'s heads that appear out of the water; cuts off the tail, gives it to the servant for storage; the king gathers the people to find out who the hero is; H. shows the tail brought by the servant, says that he has come for military help; receives F. and warriors, returns my father's throne]: Klipple 1992:121-122.

Sudan - East Africa. Nubians [lying in a puddle, a woman gave birth to a donkey from the seed; Ahmed Son of a Donkey (ASO) beats his wife twice a day, who confirms that he is brave; the old woman advises his wife to answer that there are daredevils better; ASO leaves, meets, takes as companions Eared, Glazed, Angry, Inexhaustible (irrigates the beds with his urine); everyone first replies that if he met ASO, he would fraternize with him; the king sprinkles poison, the Eyed takes away the poisoned pieces; the king sets fire to the house, the Inexhaustible floods; the angry almost killed everyone; the king is ready to give his daughter, the ASO only takes a receipt that they are brave; each the queue cooks, the giant eats everything; when it's ASO's turn, he throws him into the fire, the giant disappears into the well; the ASO goes down the rope, the beauty says that the giant's soul is in the chest, the ASO breaks it; twins pick up, pick up the beauty and share treasures, cut off the rope; ASO falls into the fifth underworld; there the crocodile closed the river, gives water in exchange for girls; ASO promises to inflict a crocodile ritual scars on the occasion of eating him and the girl, kills; hides with an old woman, leaving a handprint on the princess's thigh; the king finds the hero, tells the eagle to take him upstairs; there is not enough meat, ASO cuts off a piece from the thigh, gives it to the eagle; he puts it back; ASO forgives his brothers, returns to his wife]: Katsnelson 1968:78-94; Sudanese Arabs (jaaaliyin) [the Sultan has two wives: a slave who has two a son, and a free one, whose son Muhammad; every year a palm tree harvests dates, and a snake devours them; the sons of the slave went to guard, did not notice anything; M. cut off the snake's head; two fell from her head pen: gold and silver; M. brought silver to his father, gold disappeared; the father sends his sons to find him; at the crossroads, a woman gives them food, explains: one road - if you go - you will not return, and the other the road of peace; M. took the path of peace; the same snake appeared at the edge of the forest, ate the dates that M. took with him, spat in the water; turned into a man with a sword; he said that the road would lead to a local to the Sultan; he will give two chickens, black and white; they must be caught with his eyes closed; a man with a sword will kill someone who catches a white one, but lets go if he catches a black one; M. caught a white one, but asked him to let go: he himself is the son of the Sultan; M. returned to the snake; she sends to the Sultan, who will offer, closing his eyes, to catch horses with gold and silver harness; whoever catches a horse with golden harness will be punished; (the same as with chickens); the snake again sends to the Sultan: he will give the girl, but her whole body must be carefully wrapped in cloth; if even her little finger is visible, she will burn the village, and the Sultan will punish M.; fingers are visible, the village burned down; the Sultan let go again; M. took the chickens, horses and the girl, finds the brothers who have gone on the road of non-return; they ask them to go down to the well for water; there are black and white sheep; if you say "white will knock down the black", Allah will save; if, on the contrary, you fall down 7 worlds; M. said just like that, the white ram threw him down; there the old woman, M. asked for water, she gave it, a fly in the water, M. splashed out water, the old woman scolds him: there is not enough water, a crocodile holds her, gives her one a day in exchange for the girls, the king will give her daughter to whoever saves her; M. fell asleep, the princess's tear fell in M.'s ear, he jumped up, cut off the crocodile's head; so all 7 heads; marked with blood on each; exchanged rings with the princess; the king checked whether the rings were the right, ordered M. to raise his severed head; making sure that he was the hero, the king, betrayed for M. daughter]: Hurreiz 1977, No. 9:85-87.

North Africa. Berbers Zooahua (Kabylia) [seven brothers promise to stay if their mother gives birth to a daughter, but the mother gives birth to a son; they leave; along the way, the elders leave the youngest in the well {not clear, it is a grown baby or the youngest of seven}; he is sold to one person; a month later he turns white; the owner's wife invites him to run away with her, he refuses; she tells her husband to sell the slave, the husband lets him go; he comes to the village, where the many-headed dragon locked the water, gives for the girls given to him to be eaten; the princess's turn; the young man breaks the dragon's heads with sticks as they show up out of the water; gets a wife and kingdom]: Basset 1887, No. 35:72-74; kabily [the boy in his mother's uncle's house asks you to take him home, he does not want to stay with strangers; uncle: the house is near and I am your mother's brother; I'll tell you what it means a foreign land; there are 77 of them on the ship, the ship drowned, seven clung to the boards; the eagle carries them one by one, this man is the last, throws the chicks into the nest; a man kills eagles, descends a rope from the hair of the women eaten; behind him is a 7-headed Hydra, he jumps off, breaks bones, crawls into the lioness's lair, sucks her with the lions; she went out; he met six companions, the Cyclops saw them, took them to a cave with his sheep, blocked the exit with a rock; eats one at a time, planted on a hot rod; a man tells a fairy tale, the cyclops falls asleep, he dazzles him with a hot rod; goes out covered with the skin of a ram and holding the head of a ram on his head; when he goes out, he throws it into the Cyclops; steals the herd; the robbers take it; in the village, the Hydra has closed the water, gives it for the girls; the robbers sell it to an old man, whose daughter should be given to the Hydra; the man tells the old man to smear himself with honey, the Hydra will lick him; there is no smeared space on the back of his head, the hydra sucked the old man through him, the skin fell, the Hydra crawled away; the man with They leave as a girl, ride a donkey, fall asleep; the lioness ate half the girl; people think this man ate; they took the elder; he ran away from the house where he was kept; after listening to the story, the boy agreed to go home himself (var.: ill for a long time)]: Frobenius 1922a, No. 3:24-30; Algerian Arabs [ghoul steals apples from the Sultan's garden; three sons are guarding; the youngest shot at the ghoul; the brothers came by a bloody trail to a crevice in the mountains; the youngest was lowered on a rope; below is the Ghoul's palace, with three kidnapped princesses; the ghoul offers to drink a pool of water and eat a couscous pool; the prince begs Allah, his pools are empty; the ghoul decides that he and the prince are equal; the prince hacked the ghoul; sends the princesses upstairs; the youngest gives his ring; if he is turned, white and black rams will appear, they will begin butt; you have to jump on the white man's back, but black will take him to the seventh lower world; the brothers did not pick up the young man, told the princesses to confirm that he had been killed by a ghoul; the young man accidentally jumped on a black ram, was downstairs; came to an old woman, she has 7 sons; has been living there for 7 years, became bored; seven asked the eagle to take the guest to the ground; the old woman cooked 7 pancakes and 7 servings of meat; with a rise to each underground the eagle tier must be fed; the young man dropped the last portion, cut off and gave the eagle a piece of his flesh; eagle: the last portion is fresh, I would throw you off if I hadn't promised to take you to the ground; on the ground, the young man saw the cave is the daughter of the Sultan, she is given to be eaten by a 7-headed snake; every year, having received another victim, the snake gives the townspeople a portion of water; the young man fell asleep, the girl's tear woke him up; after each cut off the snake's heads says that the young man cut off only the first (second, etc.), and the one that the serpent received only the first (second, etc.) blow of the sword; the girl picked up the boy's lost shoe; after killing the snake, the young man came to the city, stayed in the madrasah; the sultan promises a reward to anyone who proves that he killed the snake; many come, but the shoe does not fit them, they cut off their heads; when a young man in one shoe comes, he The second came up, the sultan gave him a daughter and half the kingdom; an unrecognized young man came to his hometown; there was just the wedding of his brothers with the rescued princesses; the sultan recognized his son; expelled his older brothers; the young man received all three princesses, began to live with four wives]: Belamri 1982:36-45; Algerian Arabs (Blida) [the couple has a son; the husband asks his wife to take the drug to conceive again; she prepared the potion, went to bath; husband accidentally ate it himself; wife came back, a quarrel began, a few days later the wife died {from beatings?} ; the husband's leg was swollen, a girl came out of the tumor; he told his son to get rid of it; he left the child in the tree; for three years an eagle fed the girl, then the young man took her and went on a journey; he had three dogs with talking names (the last "Pulling the lungs out of her shoulders"); the girl's name is Bent essaq ("Foot Daughter"; B.); they came to Ghoul's house; he left with the key in the door; they began to live in this house; until the brother was gone, the ghoul returned; B. did not unlock it, the ghoul broke the door; B. called the dogs, they did not come; the ghoul married B.; the brother returned, began to fight the ghoul, called the dogs, they tore the ghoul (the third dog pulled out her lungs); but his sister cured him; his brother returned again, cut the ghoul in half; left, leaving B.; in one area people are thirsty; the dragon closed the water, demands a bowl of couscous, ram and a girl; a young man cut a dragon, the water poured out abundantly; the girl exchanged shoes with her savior; all men are told to bring their shoes; the young man comes last, the princess threw it at him apple, recognized her shoes; wedding 7 days and nights; B. came, persuaded her to forgive her; collected dragon thorns, put her brother in bed; he died and buried; dogs removed the body, pulled out the thorns, young man came to life; my sister is crucified at the gates of the city so that everyone who passes by spit on her]: Desparmet 1910:140-149.

Southern Europe. Latins: Ovid. Met. IV. 670-764, XI. 205-217 [Ovid's Metamorphoses (Er Er): 1) Perseus met Andromeda chained to a rock; she said she was there because of her mother; a huge monster appeared from the sea; P. turned to A.'s parents on the condition: if he saved their daughter, she would become his wife; the parents agreed; P. killed the monster with winged sandals and a crescent-shaped sword; the wedding feast began; 2) Apollo and Neptune are completing the walls of Troy; "But the king {Laomedont} denies his duty, adding -/The height of treachery! - that he never made a promise./"This won't work for you!" - says the god of the sea and waters/He began to tilt his own to the coast of stingy Troy. /Neptune turned the Earth into a continuous abyss, riches/He took away from the villagers; he brought down waves on arable land. /Kara and this is small: The royal daughter herself {Hesion} is given as a wife/The miracle of the sea is given; a virgin attached to the rock/Alkid frees and as a reward for the promised kóny/Demands and, for refusing to pay for such a great cause, /The Fortress of Troy takes, having won, - treacherous twice/Telamon left not without honor, the militia participant: /Hesion was given to him as his wife..." (trans. Sergey Shervinsky)]; Hyg. Astr. II. 9, 11, 31 [Astronomy attributed to Guy Julius Gigin, who lived at the turn of the era: 1) "Euripides and everyone else agree that this is {Kefei} is the son of Phoenix, the king of Ethiopians and the father of Andromeda, who, like tell the most famous tales, was given to a sea monster. But Perseus saved her from danger and married her. Therefore, in order for their entire family to be united forever, the ancients also ranked Kepheus in the constellation"; 2) "It is said that it was placed among the constellations by the grace of Minerva and because of the valor of Perseus, who saved her from death when she was handed over to a sea monster. But he did not receive the slightest sign of favor from her for salvation, because neither her father Kefey nor her mother Cassiopeia could force her to leave her parents and homeland and follow Perseus. However, Euripides wrote a wonderful tragedy about these events under the same name"; 3) "It is said that Neptune sent him {Keith} to kill Andromeda, which we have already talked about, but since Perseus destroyed him, the exorbitant size of his body and the valor of Perseus himself caused him to be placed among the constellations" (trans. A.I. Ruban)]; Hyg. Fab. 64, 89 [Myths attributed to Guy Julius Gigin, who lived at the turn of the Era, but most likely date back to the 1st and 2nd centuries: 1) "Cassiopeia believed that her daughter Andromeda was more beautiful than the Nereid. For this, Neptune demanded that Andromeda, Kefei's daughter, be put to pieces by a sea monster. When she was exhibited, Perseus appeared there, reportedly flying with Mercury's sandals, and freed her from danger. As he was about to take her with him, Kefei, her father, and her fiancée, her fiancée, secretly planned to kill Perseus. And when he found out, he showed them Gorgon's head, and all of them, having lost their human appearance, became stone. Perseus and Andromeda returned to their homeland. When Polydict saw what Perseus's valor was, he became afraid of him and decided to cunning him to kill him. Upon learning of this, Perseus showed him Gorgon's head and Polydict turned from man to stone"; 2) "Neptune and Apollo are said to have surrounded Troy with a wall. King Laomedont swore to them that he would sacrifice all the cattle that had degenerated that year in his kingdom. He did not fulfill this vow out of greed. Others say he promised an offspring of mares. For this, Neptune sent a monster that devastated Troy <а Аполлон - чуму>. When the king sent Apollo for advice for this reason, angry Apollo replied that if the Trojan girls were tied up and exposed to a monster, the plague would stop. When many had already been eaten, the lot fell to Hesion and she was tied to the rocks. Hercules and Telamon, on their way with the Argonauts to Colchis, ended up there and killed the monster, and Hesion was returned to his father, making an agreement that when they returned, they would take her home with them, and as well as horses that could jump on water or at the tops of ears. Laomedont also deceived them and did not want to give them to Hesion. Having then equipped the ships to take Troy, Hercules sailed there, killed Laomedont, and gave the kingdom to his son Gift, who later became known as Priam #961; tea. He married Telamona, who was returned to Hesion, from whom she gave birth to Tevkra" (trans. D.O. Torshilova)]; I Myth. Vat. I. 72, II. 34 ["The First Vatican Mythograph" (compiled at the turn of the I-II millennium by an unknown medieval compiler): 1) "Perseus, traveling through Ethiopia, saw that Andromeda, tied to a rock, given to the <в öертву> sea monster because of the arrogance of her mother, who boasted that she was superior to the beauty of nymphs. Captivated by the beauty of the maiden, he loved her. He agreed with her parents Kefei and Cassiopeia that she would be married to him if he killed the monster. So Perseus did what he promised. When Kefei stayed true to his word and the elders took part in the wedding feast, Phineas, for whom Andromeda had previously been married, disturbed the feasts with curses: he considered it to be the worst An insult that an alien was preferred to a close relative. A regrettable battle broke out in the royal palace: many <гости> on both sides were killed while taking up arms that accidentally came to hand. Finally, Perseus, fearing many opponents, pulled out Gorgon's head; when they saw it, Phineas and his associates became petrified" (from Narrat. fab. Ovid. IV. 19, V. 1); 2) "Laomedont, the king of Trojan, Priam's father, asked Neptune and Apollo to build the city of Troy, promising them a reward. When they built it, he refused to pay the fee. Therefore, Apollo, indignant, sent a pestilence to the Trojans, and Neptune sent a sea monster. When they asked Apollo for advice about this, he gave an ambiguous answer that all Laomedont's daughters should be given to the monster that had devastated the entire city. At this time, Hercules suddenly appeared, on his way to the kolchs, and asked Hesion, the daughter of the king, to marry him, if he saved her from the monster. Hercules, having killed the monster, demanded his promised wife, but Laomedont deceived him. Indignant, Hercules destroyed the Trojan walls, and gave Hesion to his associate Telamon" (the direct source is unknown; the account of events before Hercules arrived is close to Serv. Aen. I. 550, but is more detailed; the rest is by Serv. Aen. I. 619, VIII. 157; per. V.N. Yarkho)].

Western Asia. Palestinians [the king gives a barren wife three apples to eat, she gives birth to a son three times; seeds grow three apple trees; every year the wind tears off their petals; the eldest sons Raid and Zaid they guard, flee from the cloud; the younger Said shoots, follows a bloody trail to the well, descends; the kidnapped princess Dumia explains that a sleeping wounded giant can only be killed with his sword; S. kills; D. gives his dress and ring, tells him to sit on a white ram; S. sends D. and treasures upstairs; seeing D., R. and Z. throw a rope; S. accidentally sat on a black ram, came to the seventh lower world ; kills a snake that tried to kill piglets; the pig promises to take S. upstairs if he prepares 40 rams and 40 wineskins of water; the water is covered by the evil spirit of efreet, gives for the girls; S. kills and., saves the princess; the pig takes S. to the ground; he puts lamb demand on his head, is hired as an apprentice; R. became king, expelled Z., is preparing a wedding with D.; she demands to make a ring and clothes; S.-apprentice gives them to the owner, D. recognizes them; during the wedding, an elephant trampled R., S. killed an elephant (and a bear), D. recognized him, he reigned]: Lebedev 1990, No. 19:109-117; Syrian Arabs [Tsarevich Hassan grew up, asked for time off father to go on a journey, he gives him a sword; at rest, a horseman drove up to H. and offered to fight; H. offered to eat first; then two more; one has an all-seeing mirror, the other has a flying carpet, the third is able to be underwater for a long time; H. says they shared bread and salt and are now unable to fight; they come to a city where the sun is not visible: in the sea, a whale swallows it at sunrise; H. kills a whale With his sword, he gets the princess, but gives her to her brother, who has a mirror; in the next city, the ghoul closes the water, gives the princess's turn in exchange for the girls; H. kills the gulya, gives the princess to his sister with the carpet- by plane; H. saw two men unsuccessfully trying to break the column with swords; they explained that the king of China hid his daughter from the king of Persia with her; whoever breaks the column would become the princess's husband; H. easily breaks the column, gets the princess, leaves her to live in a fortress on the island, she lowers his stairs when he comes; the king of Persia orders to dig an underground passage, sends the old woman, she stays with wife H., persuades her to find out what her husband's soul is; in a broom (the wife adorns the broom, the old woman does not believe); in the window frame (the same); H. admits that his life in a sword, which he puts between himself and his wife at night ; the old woman snatches out her sword at night, throws her sword into the sea, H. loses consciousness, the old woman calls the warriors, they bring his wife X. to the Persian king; if the sword is not returned in two weeks, H. will die; brother with a mirror saw everything , the other provided a flying carpet, the third took a sword out of the sea; H., who came to life, made his way to Persia through the same underground passage; agreed with the old woman, who handed a letter to his wife; the wife slipped the Persian king sleeping pills in wine; H. sneaked in unnoticed, killed the king, put on his clothes, said in the morning that he was younger after his wedding night with a Chinese princess; later confessed what was going on, but remained king]: Kuhr 1993:18-31 ; the Arabs of Iraq [the sultan killed his wives every week; the daughter of the vizier remained; she ran away, found an empty castle, gave birth to a son there, he grew up; the young man hunts, each RZ shares his prey with lions, they become his friends; he unlocked all the rooms in the palace, in one he found a chained black man with a lip that he covered himself like a blanket; in the absence of her son, the mother frees the black man and lives with him, and when the son comes, shackles again; to get rid of the young man, the mother and the black man agree that she will pretend to be sick, let her son bring 1) grenades guarded by cannibal eagles; young lions killed eagles, young man brought a pomegranate; 2) water from the river in which the dragon gives water to the residents of the city in exchange for girls; the young man comes to the old woman, she says that the dragon has already eaten all the girls, it is the turn of the sheikh's daughter; the young man killed the dragon, the girl anointed him with dragon blood; the slave claims that he killed, the sheikh is ready to give him his daughter; she says she has noted her savior; the sheikh gathers all the men; the young man is the last to bring, he gets a wife; goes to visit his mother; the wife gives a ring, she has another: if it turns yellow, her husband is in trouble; the mother invites her son to play chess and when she finally wins, she gets the right to shackle him; he replies that you can only tie him with his own hair; she does; the black man refuses to kill him, his mother kills him, throws his body away; the lions have come running, one licked his wounds, the other brought the caravans ; the young man was still alive, he was leaving, he returned to his wife; killed his mother, scoped a black man]: Weissbach 1908, No. 8:43-53.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Milhiem (Manipur) [the flood began; people realized that the gods of the sea were sacrificing the beautiful Lhangeineng of the Lupho family; she sacrificed herself; then the flood ended; where tears were dripping L.'s parents, salt springs appeared and hot peppers grew; L. herself became fish; therefore, members of the genus Lupho do not eat salt, pepper, and fish]: Oinam et al. s.a.

Burma - Indochina. Thais [the princess finds a crocodile egg, keeps it, the crocodile was born, grew up, went into the river, kills people; people tell the king to sacrifice the royal daughter; the king sends her daughter to the river; she takes her beloved cat with her; throws herself into the water and stays on the lotus flower; the crocodile wants to grab her, but attacks the thorns on the stem and dies; the cat does not recommend the princess return home; Rakshasa grabs the princess, makes her daughter; the neighboring king hunts, chases the golden deer (Indra took his form), who leads the king to the Rakshasa house and disappears; the king brings the princess to her place and marries her; when the princess gives birth, the former wife says she gave birth to a log; but it all ends well]: Low 1836:348.

South Asia. Gondas [10 brothers forbid wives to let their sister Dasmotin Kaniya go fetch water; one day each wife is sick, DC goes to the water, the cobra swallows all the water in the pond; brothers they come, everyone asks for water, but the cobra gives only after the DC enters the pond; she disappears under water, becomes a cobra's wife; after a few years, the cobra husband invites the DC to visit her brothers; those they go hunting with their son-in-law, ask her to show how long he is, cut into 10 pieces; the DC gives his younger brother jewelry, for which he shows her the scene of the murder; the remains of the cobra are burned at the stake, the DC rushes at him]: Elwin 1944, No. 1:443-446.

China - Korea. Chinese (Henan, Wu. Anyang, village Fengle; recorded in 1982) [Ye Town in Hebei was a county seat in ancient times, and Ximen Bao was appointed county head there. He arrived at the Zhuanghe River, Yongle village was at the pier on the south bank; the SB saw that arable land was abandoned, many houses had bricks in windows and doors; he met an old man grazing goats; he said that every year, locals had to choose the most beautiful girl in the village; on June 24, she was put in a paper boat and pushed into the middle of the river; soon the boat sank and the girl was believed to become the wife of the river god; otherwise he sent a flood; three shamans did this: the elder head of the spirits, the second and third heads of spirits; after harvesting wheat, they charged people grain to prepare for marriage the god of the river, then chose a girl to marry God; the rich paid off, so they chose girls from the poorest families; they also did not want to give their daughters, sealed their house and fled; on June 24, the Security Council appealed to shamans: "Today is a joyful event, the river god is getting married, I congratulate you! Can you see what your chosen girl looks like, let me come over so I can look at her?" The shamans brought a girl; SB: "This girl is not the best, I'm afraid the river god won't like her! Can I pick the best one myself and send it instead of this one?" The shamans agreed. SB: "I think we've come to an agreement, but we don't know if the river god doesn't like it, who will go to him for advice?" ; The SB sent the eldest head of the spirits; two warriors threw her into the river; the same with the second; the third began to beg for mercy, admitted that everything was not true; the people who fled to other places returned and healed peacefully]: Henan 2001:60-62; Chinese (Sichuan) [the dragon caused floods; to propitiate him, he had to marry girls; the ruler rushes into the waters and defeats the dragon]: Eberhard 1937, No. 93.I: 135-138; Chinese (Zhejiang) [an orphan girl Lou Longyin lived in Louxing village; she came to the pond for a drink, saw something like an egg in the water, took it and accidentally swallowed it; her stomach began to swell and she began to live far from people on the mountain; she was sheltered by a Buddhist nun; after 49 days, L. began giving birth to dragons; the nun killed them as she arrived, but only hit the tenth in the tail, and L. asked him to spare; the monk from the west mountain, wanting to take advantage of the girl, predicted misfortunes, and to avoid them, she must settle with him; L. refused, and then the monk said that an evil dragon and L. should be married to him; L. rushed into the lake herself; the water began to boil, but the monk wrote eight spells on the millstone and ordered the millstones to be thrown into the water, thereby lowering L. to the bottom; learning that the monk was from the Temple the western mountain was plunged by his mother into Dragon Lake, her dragon son destroyed the temple with wind, thunderstorm, and rain; the monk's body was carried away by the river; the dragon wanted his mother back, but could not move the millstone; he only looked at her through the hole; L. told her son not to come again, because the earth is flooded; the dragon promised to come to Qingming once a year; so it usually rains after this holiday]: Zhejiang 1997:445-446.

The Balkans. Ancient Greece: Lycophr. Alex. 29-35, 470-478, 952-954 [Lycophron's Alexandra (3rd century BC), whose text is difficult to understand and full of complex allusions and associations: 1) "Alas, alas, an unhappy nurse, /You, torches Already burned in the old days, /What was the lion conceived in three evenings carrying, /Although the evil Tritonov dog chewed it./He snatched his inside alive, but was/So scorched in the hearths of the unwounded, /That his hair was from a couple fell to the ground"; translator's comments: stk. 29 - "Appeal to Troy"; stk. 30 - "This refers to the first capture of Troy (under Laomedont) carried out by Hercules. Having saved the city from the sea monster, the whale, the hero demanded Laomedont's immortal horses as a reward. Refused, he ravaged Troy, killed the king and all his sons, except Priam, who inherited his father's throne"; stk. 31 - "To conceive Hercules, Zeus, as Amphitryon, descended to Alkmene for three nights"; stk. 32-35 - "Hercules, fighting the monster ("Triton Dog"), let him swallow himself and, once in the womb, tore out his insides. But there he was so hot that Hercules had all his hair burned" (Surikov 2011a: 220); 2) "Once upon a time, citizens were persuaded to give her/One talker who sowed three daughters, /For a gloomy dinner, that the sea is the color, /That the whole earth was muddied up with sea water, /When he spewed the tide out of his jaws, /A wave swallowed up the surrounding plain. /But instead of a bird, a scorpion fell into the mouth, /And then, knowing suffering is heavy, he prayed to Fork/, not knowing how to get rid of the trouble"; translator's comments: stk. 471 - "Trojan Phenodamant. It was his three daughters who were to be given to the whale who attacked Troy (hereinafter referred to as the "dog"). But he convinced the Trojan citizens to put King Laomedon's daughter, Hesiona, to be eaten by the monster instead. This is what Hercules saved and then gave it to Telamon, who participated in the campaign"; stk. 476-478 - "Description of the episode already mentioned above with a whale swallowing Hercules instead of Hesion" (Surikov 2011b: 235); 3) "& lt;... > Lovemedont there {to the land of the Sycans}/Sent three Phenodamant daughters, /Angry at the misfortune with the voracious whale" (trans. I.E. Surikova)]; Diod. Sic. IV. 42 1-6 ["Historical Library" by Diodorus of Sicily (1st century BC): "After sailing from Iolka and passing Athos and Samothrace, the Argonauts were caught in a storm and docked at Troas at Sigei. When they got off the ship, they saw a girl on the shore, chained for the following reason. Poseidon, who mythically built walls in the circle of Troy, became angry with King Laomedon and sent a monster from the sea to his country. Appearing suddenly, the monster kidnapped those who were on the coast or cultivating land in the coastal region. In addition, people were hit by a terrible crop failure and famine, so everyone was amazed at the magnitude of the disaster. Therefore, crowds of people gathered to find relief from their misfortunes, and then the king sent messengers to Apollo to ask about what was happening. This is how an oracle was obtained saying that Poseidon was angry, and his anger would stop when the Trojans, choosing one of their children by lot, voluntarily gave him to be eaten by a monster. All young people were put to the test, and the king's daughter Hesion was drawn. This is why Laomedont was forced to give up his daughter and leave her in shackles by the sea. When Hercules went ashore with the Argonauts, learned from Hesion about her misadventure, saved the girl from her shackles, took her to the city, and asked the king to kill the monster. Laomedont accepted Hercules's offer and promised to give indomitable mares as a token of gratitude. Hercules killed the monster, and Hesion was given the freedom to either go with her savior or stay with her parents in her homeland. The girl chose to live with a stranger, not only because she valued her benevolence above kinship, but also because she was afraid that if the monster reappeared, her fellow citizens would not again they subjected her to such a punishment" (trans. O.P. Tsybenko)]; Apollod. Bibl. II. 4. 3; 5. 9 [The "Mythological Library" of Pseudo-Apollodorus (I-II centuries): 1) "When he arrived in Ethiopia, where King Kefei ruled, he {Perseus} saw that the daughter of this king Andromeda was being eaten by the sea a monster. The reason was that Cassiopeia, Kefei's wife, had an argument about beauty with the Nereids and boasted that she was more beautiful than anyone else in the world. That is why the Nereids became angry, and Poseidon, angry with them, sent a flood and a monster to this land. And God Ammon said that relief from the disaster would come when Cassiopeia's daughter Andromeda was given to be eaten by a monster. Ethiopians then forced Kefei to do this, and he tied his daughter to a rock. Seeing Andromeda, Perseus fell in love with her and promised Kefei to kill the monster if the saved Andromeda was given to him as his wife. After receiving Kefei's oath to comply with this condition, Perseus fought the monster, killed him and freed Andromeda. When Phineas, who was Kefei's brother, plotted against Perseus (Phineas was the first to be engaged to Andromeda), Perseus, upon learning of this, took out Gorgon's head and immediately turned all the conspirators into stone"; 2) "It happened then that this city {Troy} suffered misfortune as a result of the anger of the gods Apollo and Poseidon. These gods, wanting to experience Laomedon's wickedness, became like humans and were hired to surround Pergamum with walls for a fee. But when they built the walls, Laomedont paid them no money. For this, Apollo sent the plague to Troy, and Poseidon, a sea monster brought by the tide and kidnapped everyone he met on the plain. When it was predicted that disaster relief would come only after Laomedont gave his daughter Hesion to be eaten by a monster, he tied her to coastal cliffs. Hercules, seeing the girl put up for eating, said he would save her if Laomedont gave him the horses received from Zeus as a ransom for the kidnapped Ganymede. Laomedont promised to give it back, and then Hercules killed the monster and saved Hesion. But Laomedont did not want to pay the agreed payment, and Hercules, threatening to go to Troy at war, sailed from Troy" (trans. V.G. Borukhovich)]; Ps. -Erat. Cataster. XV-XVII, XXXVI [The Catasterisms by Pseudo-Eratosthenes (1st to 2nd centuries): 1) "According to Euripides, Kefei was the king of Ethiopians and the father of Andromeda. According to legend, he put his daughter to the whale, who was saved by Perseus, the son of Zeus. Thanks to her, by the will of Athena, he was placed among the constellations"; 2) "As the tragic poet Sophocles says in Andromeda, she {Cassiopeia} dared to compete with the Nereids in beauty and because of this she got in trouble: Poseidon began to ruin the country by sending Keith to it. It was the fault of Cassiopeia and her daughter was given to a whale to devour"; 3) Andromeda "is among the constellations thanks to Athena and reminds us of Perseus's exploits. Her arms were outstretched, as was the case when she was put to be eaten by a whale. Athena took her to heaven because, saved by Perseus, she did not want to stay with her father or mother, but chose to voluntarily go with him to Argos, thereby showing great nobility. This is what Euripides writes in her drama"; 4) "This is the {constellation} the Keith Poseidon sent to Kefei for arguing between Cassiopeia and the Nereids about the primacy in beauty. And Perseus destroyed him, and therefore he was trapped in the constellations in memory of the Perseus deeds. This is what the tragic poet Sophocles says in Andromeda" (trans. A.A. Rossius)]; the Greeks (Lemnos) [the king's tree brings three apples a year; someone steals them; only the youngest son was not afraid of the roar, cut off the ogre's hand, brought it and the last apple to his father; brothers they follow a bloody trail, the youngest asks him to be lowered on a rope into the dungeon; consistently meets three girls; each says that the cannibal sleeps with his eyes open; the young man cuts off the heads of cannibals, contrary to request, she does not hit twice; the last girl warns that if the brothers do not pick him up, you must jump on a white ram, he will take him to the ground; gives three nuts, in them dresses with flowers, with fish, with stars; a young man jumps on a black ram, falls even lower; the old woman says that a seven-headed monster gives water in exchange for girls; a young man cuts off all seven heads, cuts off tongues; a king wants to marry him his rescued daughter, but he asks to be taken to the ground; spends the night under a tree where all the birds rest at night; kills a monster crawling to the birds; birds take him to the ground; he sits on an eagle, supplies run out, he cuts off a piece of his own leg; on the ground, an eagle puts it back on him; the boy's elder brother wants to marry the third girl rescued; she demands to get dresses with flowers, fish, stars; young man pretends to be a merchant, hangs out dresses; this is how the bride knows he is back; wedding]: Paton 1899, No. 1:495-498; Bosnians [dying, father tells three brothers pass off three sisters as the first to come for them; strangers take their sisters away; brothers go look for them, find them in a giant, who tells them to make a fire before they return, they can't, he chained them to a pole; the mother sees a grain of pepper, asks God for a fourth son, even if he is just as small; The pepper is born, tells him to forge a huge iron club; the giant makes a fire with his flint, the giant becomes his slave; P. wins, takes giants with two and three heads as servants; each cooks in turn, the dwarf takes food; P. pinched a dwarf's beard in a split beech tree; he tore off beard, went underground; P. goes down, there are three girls with a golden loom, chickens, herd, hoop; they tell them to kill their dwarf brother with a wooden sword; servants pick up the girls, cut off the rope; P. comes to the spring, where the dragon gives water in exchange for the girls, it is the turn of the royal daughter; P. falls asleep, wakes up from the girl's tears, kills the dragon, cuts off his ears; the arap tells the king that he killed the dragon, P. shows her ears, the arapa is executed; the king advises saving the chicks of a giant bird from the dragon; the chicks tell their mother that P. did not attack them, but killed the dragon; the mother bird orders to collect meat, bread, water, feed her on the way to the upper world; P. cuts off the last piece from her hip, the bird belches it, puts it back; P. kills giants, marries and gives princesses to his brothers]: Arkhipova 1962:30-42; Serbs [in recordings by Vuk Karadzic; one of the songs says that the residents of Vuk Karadzic. The three did not believe in Jesus Christ, but believed in gold and silver; when their 70 springs were dry, they asked God to fill them with gold and silver; they became rich but thirsty; God he took pity and a lake opened in the vicinity, but Sura Lamia owned it; in exchange for water, she demanded a girl a day; in the fourth year it was the turn of the royal Christian daughter; when she was standing on the shore of the lake, St. Giorgi got off his horse, lay down to doze off; the girl's tear woke him up and he put his spear in his mouth, brought him to the city alive; hit him in the heart, lamia vomited 300 living girls, they danced in a round dance; hit the second time - half alive, half dead; third time - all 300 dead; after that, the tsar and all people became Christians; George went around all the springs, from which water flowed]: Derzhavin 1945:87-88; Gagauz [brothers followed a strange trail, came to a dried well, white and black sheep were fighting at the bottom; Vanchu's younger brother offered to go down, the elders refused, lowered him on a rope; wanted sit on a white ram, but the black one pushed him, V. found himself on black, fell into the dark kingdom; saw a snake crawl to the nest of a huge eagle, killed it; the father eagle is grateful; says that the five-headed fire-breathing Goguzhu-Moguzhu closed the waters, passes it off as people given to him to eat, now it's the turn of the padishah's daughter; you need to wet your clothes so as not to burn; V. cuts off two heads, four grow up; V. suggests that the GM show how he sleeps; he puts his central head on two, hides himself with the other two; V. cuts off all 5 heads at once; the princess orders to cut off his tongues; the impostor brings the padishah's heads monsters, V. shows tongues; the impostor is expelled, V. gets the princess; the padishah lets them visit V.'s parents; the bird carries V. and his wife, in flight he feeds her meat, bread, water; meat ends, V. cuts the meat from his soles; the eagle did not swallow them, reaching the ground, put them back, but since then, people have a depression on their soles; brings V. and his wife to V.'s parents; after staying, V. and his wife returning to the lower world]: Syrf 2013:138-145.

Central Europe. Ukrainians (Transcarpathia) [a widower marries a neighbor; she conditions that he will get rid of his children Ivan and Marika; he takes them to the forest, leaving the deck beating against a tree in the wind as if he were cutting down firewood; they returned home; the next time the father took him away, the children stayed in the forest; they bake wild horseradish, go to bed with their heads in different directions; the bear, the wolf come, are surprised at the strange animal, leave; in the morning, good bread in ash; there is a magic shirt, gun, saber on sycamore; I. pulls them out, becomes a strongman; breaks into the robber's lair, there is a princess; kills 11 robbers, the 12th pretends to be dead, I. left the body, lets the girl go to her father, leaves; the robber asks M. to bring live water, pour it into the keyhole; the door opens, the robber's severed ear grows back, M. takes the robber as her husband; to kill his brother, he pretends to be sick, asks for wolf meat, then bear and other meat; the she-wolf, then the bear and other animals ask them not to kill, gives them a wolf cub, a bear cub, etc.; the robber suggests M. send his brother to fetch water from a spring between the crushing mountains; at noon they stop, I. took out water; bring flour from mills that grind human bones, open every 12 years; I. he picks up flour, manages to jump out, the doors slam shut, his animals are left inside; M. bathes I. in fresh milk, he is confused, she tied him with horsehair, the robber took his shirt with strength; they They gouged out I.'s eyes, threw him into the well; people pulled him out; he wandered through the forest, fell his head into the swamp, there was living water, he saw the light; he bought good clothes, changed clothes with his grandfather; he gave him bottles of water, one is young, the other is old; he came to M. and the robber under the guise of a beggar; when they fell asleep, he took their shirt, sword, gun; ordered him to be given his pipe; he began to play, the animals escaped from the mill, came running tore the robber; left M. two barrels to cry, one to cry for him, the other for the robber; in the neighboring kingdom of snakes locked water, gives it in exchange for girls; I. killed him, freed the princess, who the gypsy carried the snake, cut off snake tongues, the gypsy cut off a piece from each tongue, demanded that the king marry; at home, almost all tears were cried out for the robber; I. shows the king not the tips of his tongues, but the tongues themselves, the animals tore the gypsy, I. took the princess; M. came, poisoned I., locked the animals; they escaped, the Fox brought living water; next time M. locked the verey again, put I. pitchforks in bed; then same; animals tore M.]: Verkhovyna's tales 1970:232-243; Slovaks [the widow's two sons look like drops of water; they have grown up, are preparing to go on a journey; the mother asks to go hunting and bring meat; they they hunt three times, but do not find game; instead, they give bacon and bread to a couple of wolves, bears, lions; they bring them home; the predators have muzzles on their faces; the brothers parted from the linden tree, stabbing it with a knife ; from which blood will flow, so trouble; the eldest comes to the city, where a fire-breathing 12-headed serpent demands a girl to eat every day, otherwise he does not allow her to go to the well; the princess's turn; her savior will receive it; the young man, with the help of his animals, cut off the snake's heads, but they grew again until the lion tore his neck; the young man cut off his tongues, came to the princess, she gave him half the ring; when he fell asleep, a coachman ran up, cut off the young man's head, made the princess call him savior; the lion told the wolf to run to the snake, which was just about to revive another one crushed by the wagon with grass; but the wolf came across himself on the wagon, the people were frightened; then the lion sent the bear, who took the potion from the snake, the young man came to life, but his head was put backwards; the bear tore off his head again and put it right; when the young man came to town, where they are preparing the princess's wedding with the coachman; the young man sent a letter and half a ring to the princess and the bear; the princess sent back food, wine and her half of the ring, half grew together; the young man showed snake tongues; the coachman was given to the animals; one day a young man saw an enchanted yellow forest from the window; a fox appeared, the young man chased her, found himself in a dark forest; began to fry bacon; an old woman shouts that she is cold, lets her wand touch the animals, otherwise she is afraid of them; the animals are petrified; the old woman began to fry a frog, not bacon; touched the young man with a stick, he also petrified; The younger brother saw blood on the knife and went in search of the elder; his wife mistook him for her husband, but at night he put a sword between them; he did not touch the animals with an old woman's wand, but let them go at her; forced him to give him a golden stick to revive his brother's animals and ointment to revive him; then the animals tore the old woman to pieces; first the older brother's beasts became knights, then they killed the little brother's animals and They also became knights; they were six brothers, they quarreled and became predators for this; the older brother returned to his wife, and the youngest, with six knights, came to their domain and became king there]: Dobšinský 1970: 3-10 (transfer to Bogatyrev 1955:37-47).

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Crimean Tatars (Bakhchisaray District, Karalez) [the padishah has two sons; he does not order to hunt in the west and east, let them go towards the Kaaba; there is no game there, the elder suggests going east; the well can be seen for a month; the youngest begins to lower the elder, he tells him to pull it out: he burns; the youngest comes down, does not tell him to pull it out; below the door the beauty has a golden tray, on it a golden greyhound chases a silver hare; then a man nailed to the wall, the young man freed him; the dove at the spring tells him to return to the beautiful woman; she is the daughter of the seven-headed Azhdakh, gave Zulfikar the sword; the young man drove Azhdakha into knee-deep, cut off 6 heads; the seventh refused to cut - you are not my father's pair of oxen; the young man sent the girl and the treasure upstairs, then the older brother threw the rope; at home told his father that the youngest was gone to seek his fate; the youngest plunged into the spring and found strength; in the city, the old woman gives her urine instead of water; the seven-headed ajdaha gives water in exchange for the girls; the turn of the padishah's daughter; the young man fell asleep at her place on his knees, woke up to her tears; the young man and Azhdaha drive each other into the ground; the young man drove him to his knees, cut off six heads; abandoned the daughter of the padishah, who gave him gold; he crawls to the nest of the bird Chan-Kushu a three-headed snake, the young man chopped it, fed the chicks meat; Chan-Kushu thinks that he killed her chicks every year, but the chicks explained everything; the young man asks to take him to the ground; took a barrel of meat and a barrel with him water; the last piece was cut off from his thigh; on the ground, the bird put it back; the young man came to his older brother's wedding; the bride: I have been in mourning for 40 days; the young man sees a young man under his window; the young man pointed a mole to his father recognized him in his body; his older brother was beheaded, the youngest married a rescued girl]: Zherdeva 2020, No. 30; Abkhazians [Adaui son finds out that his mother is a kidnapped girl; demands from his father allow them to see their relatives; in order not to quarrel with his son, the father rushes into the abyss; the mother is horrified: the other adaus will take revenge; then the son leaves, hires a mullah, brings a pile of trees on his shoulders, drags an elephant by the ear; people ask the mullah to calculate the worker, who gives money, the adaui buys the prisoner with it; takes Adaua, who has a mill on his big toe, as his companion; another who turns the trough on his thumb; cooks one by one; a bearded man arrives on a rooster, ties up the cook, eats everything; when Adaua's son remains, he pinched the dwarf's beard with a tree; but he pulled out the tree has gone into the abyss; the companions brought the son of Adaua down there; three girls say that the dwarf is dying; the son of the Adaua sends them upstairs; the youngest warns that if his companions do not pick him up, he must jump on a white ram that will take it to the ground and the black sheep will lower it even lower; the companions left Adaua's son below; he accidentally jumped on a black ram; old woman: an elephant guards the water once a week allows him to take him for the girl he brings; the son of Adaua has overcome the elephant, brought him by the ear; only a kite can carry it to the ground; the chicks are attacked by an elephant, the son of Adaua killed him, a grateful kite promises to carry him out upstairs, tells us to stock up on meat and water; the meat is over, the son of Adaua took the last piece out of his hand; on the ground, the kite healed the wound; the son of Adaua killed his companions, and made their wives slaves to his wife]: Shakryl 1975, No. 78:353-361; Abaza [giant (Ainizh) took the girl, a boy was born, the Son of an Ainizh (S.); after the death of his father he went on a journey; met, took grain as his companions, holding millstones on on his knees, holding a tree on his finger; they take turns cooking; a long-bearded dwarf riding a rooster ties the cook with beard hair, eats everything; when S.'s turn, he split the tree, pinched his beard a dwarf; he uprooted a tree, went into the dungeon; S. went down on his belt, there's a girl, he sends her and the treasures in the basket upstairs; she warns that if his companions refuse to pick it up, let S. fall on the white ram, he will take it to the ground, and lower the black one to the seventh bottom of the earth; the satellites did not lower the belt; S. fell on the black ram; there the snake closed the water, gives it out in exchange for girls; S. sees a girl crying, a snake kills him; he was shown where the eagle lives; every year a snake kills her chicks; S. killed a snake, the chicks hid him from their mother, then showed him; she ordered to prepare meat and water, flies upstairs with S., there was not enough meat, S. cut off the last piece from his leg; the eagle put it back; S. tied traitors to the tails of his horses, married a girl]: Tugov 1985, No. 27:46-51; Kabardian people [the same or very similar Adyghe text in Kerashev 1957:153-164; a son was born childless old people, took him away, raised by a bear, called Batyr, made him strong, sent him to parents; princes want to lime it, give difficult assignments; 1) the many-headed serpent takes water, demands girls to eat; B. won, saddled, killed him; 2) harnessed cannibals, plowed the land on them; 3) harnessed ferocious boars, brought firewood to them; two hunters became his brothers; all three chased the deer, he disappeared into the crevice; B. goes down, there are three girls, one is crying (another will eat it today), another laughs (her tomorrow), sings the third song (her the day after tomorrow); B. kills him, his brothers lift women upstairs, throw the rope; the white ram will throw seven tiers up, the black sheep down, B. accidentally grabs black; kills a boa constrictor crawling to eat three eagles; Orlitsa arrives with a cloud and a storm, eagles hide B., tell his mother about his heroism; she promises to raise him to the upper world if he will earn buffaloes for food; snakes do not provide water, demand girls; B. kills a snake, gets buffaloes; there is not enough meat, B. cuts off a piece of leg, reaching the ground Orlitz heals his wound; B. killed traitors and their wives, married the youngest, who they kept as a slave]: Aliyeva 1978, No. 11:111-119 (=Huth 1987:208-218); Ossetians [a childless man is ordered to slaughter a black chicken, the wife must eat goiter; a crawler is eaten by a female, gives birth to a golden-haired boy, a wife an ordinary boy; a female's son performs the tasks of seven waigs (cannibal giants), who give birth to a sister for the woman's son; they tell them not to open eighth ward; the woman's son opens, frees the seven-headed Waiga, who takes his wife; the female's son goes to look for her; finds three comrades (one carries the church, the other runs with millstones on his feet, the third drinks the sea in a sip), they let him down on a rope into the lower world, he sees a kidnapped woman; she finds out that the soul of the Waiga is in swallows, those in the casket, the casket in the hare, etc.; the son of the female killed the soul, the comrades pulled him out a woman was thrown upstairs, a rope was thrown; in the corner of the house, a female's son found Waiga's mother, one fang above the sky, the other in hell; she tells him to grab the right horn of a ram, who accidentally grabs her left, not rises to the ground and falls into the seventh lower world; there the dragon does not provide water, devours women; the son of a female kills the dragon to save the prince's daughter; he advises to contact Orlitz, who advises to contact Orlitz, who It flies to the ground once a year; the Zaliag serpent devours its three chicks every year; the female's son kills him; the chicks hide the female's son; the rain gushes, then the sun shines, then the wind blows; the chicks explain that the rain is the tears of their mother, the rays of the sun are from her eyes when she sees that the chicks are alive, the wind is from her wings; the bird puts the female son on his back, he throws her wineskins with beer, bovine carcasses, and finally cuts off a piece of leg; she does not swallow when she reaches, puts his muscles back on him; the female's son kills traitors, reunites his brother with his wife, revives him when the devils turn them into stone]: Dzagurov 1973, No. 45:162- 177; Nogais [father sends sons to guard a thief who steals golden apples; the elder, middle brother falls asleep, the youngest grabs the pen of a golden bird; the elder, middle brother goes to look for it, disappear; the youngest comes to the fork, "you will die on the right road, the horse on the left"; walks on the left; the wolf eats the horse; takes the young man; tells you to take the bird without a cage; he takes the cage, raises the alarm; the king promises give a bird for a horse with a golden mane; a wolf tells not to take a bridle; a young man takes it, the king promises to give a horse for a gold-haired girl; a young man kills Azdaa with one, two, etc. (up to seven) heads ; The wolf pretends to be a girl, a horse, a young man returns with a girl, a horse, a bird; he meets brothers; they throw him into a hole; a seven-headed serpent gives water in exchange for a girl; a young man kills a snake; the king plants a young man for an eagle, a supply of food and water for seven days; it is not enough; the young man cuts meat off his hips, gives his eyes instead of water; on the ground, the eagle returns everything; in the guise of a beggar, a young man comes to the wedding gold-haired and older brother; shows the firebird's feather; brothers were torn by horses]: Nogai 1979, No. 10:34-45; Ingush: Malsagov 1983, No. 1 [=Kibiev, Malsagov 1973:155-171; the prince has a tree with with golden leaves, someone steals them; three sons take turns guarding them; only the youngest does not fall asleep, cuts off someone's finger and head; follows a bloody trail; takes a tree puller, drinks as companions the sea, a sharpshooter; they let the prince's son down the hole; the girl says that they are three daughters of a three-headed eagle, their father has been cut off one head and finger; she asks her father what can kill him; he replies that there is a ram just around the corner, there is a hare in a duck, there are three chicks in the duck; the prince's son kills them all, the companions raise the girls upstairs, the youngest leaves the prince's son a ring; tells him to touch a white horse, it will take you to the upper world; red - stay here, black - you will be lower; companions cut off the rope; the prince's son touches the black one; the old woman says that the Sarmak (dragon) has closed water, passes him off as girls he must bring every day; Sarmak gives water three times, then the prince's son kills him; the padishah sends him to an eagle on black mountain; a young man kills a snake every year devouring chicks; the eagle carries it to the ground; there is not enough meat, he cuts off his flesh from his leg, with both hands; the eagle regurgitates the meat, puts it back; under the guise of a shepherd, a young man comes to the wedding rescued princesses; the youngest recognizes him by the ring; the young man kills traitors, marries, marries two princesses to his brothers], 3 [the bear took the girl, she gave birth to a son, his name is Chaitong; he takes as companions a person playing with a log and a second listening to ants talking; take turns cooking; yeshap comes, eats everything, ties the cook; when C. remains, he ties the yeshap himself by the mustache; friends go on a bloody trail to a pipe that goes into the ground, C. goes down, wins, kills the yeshap, lifts his three wives upstairs; the companions drop the rope; C. touches not the white, but the black stallion, turns out to be not in in the upper world and in the lower world; further as in (1); companions run away from revenge C.], 3 [the girl was kidnapped by a bear, she gave birth to a son Chaitong ("bear"), he grew up, his mother brought him to her parents; he did not go into the house and went on a journey; met a log throwing up his little finger; he met: it's nothing, the bear's son C. does miracles; C. took him as a companion; the same with a man who listened to the conversation ants; all three stopped in a forest hut, cooking one by one; yeshap came, ate everything, tied the cook to the bed with a hair from his beard; when his comrades returned, the cook, who was struggling to free himself, replied that he was sick; the same with the second companion; C. tied the yeshap by his mustache to a pole; on a bloody trail, friends came to the pit; only C. decided to go down; there are three wives of yeshap in three rooms, the youngest put his head on his knees; C. won with difficulty and killed the yeshap; sent three women upstairs, the youngest gave him a ring, told him to touch the white stallion, he would take him to the ground; forbid touching the black and red; the companions did not pick up C., took the women away; C. went into the stable, accidentally touched the black stallion, found himself in the lowest world; there the old woman cooks food using dirty water; Sarmak at the source provides clean water in exchange for the girls; Sarmak forgives C. twice as a guest when he collects water; leads the girl, C. killed Sarmak with a dagger; "Let the one who stabbed him pull out the dagger"; orders tell the rider that he saved the girl; but no one can pull out the dagger; C. did it easily; grateful padchah advises killing Sarmak, who regularly devours eagle chicks; the chicks hid C. so that the returning eagle does not think that he was the one who killed the chicks; the eagle orders to cook meat, bread and water for 12 days; there was not enough meat, C. cut off a piece from his leg and arm; the eagle put the eagle on the ground pieces back; the girl recognized C., former friends ran away; =Tankiev 1997, No. 12:257-263]: 23-28, 33-39; Potanin 1883 [the bear makes the ploughman get together with her; on the same day his son approaches him, immediately born and raised; the son became an abrek, takes one more as his comrades; each one in turn remains to guard the hut; the man himself is six quarters, the beard of seven connects the guard, takes what he needs; the guards are sick; the bear son drives the bearded man into the tree like an ax; he breaks out, they follow the bloody trail to the tower, the woman picks them up; A bearded man comes, they kill him; a bear son chains his comrades, he cannot; a woman warns that three rams will come; if he jumps on black, he will fall into the third underworld, on red - in the second, on white - will be on the ground; it falls on black; in the lower world, a woman is going to knead dough in urine; the snake Sarmyg lay down by the spring, gives water in exchange for the girl; Bear son takes water twice, the third time S. swallows it, he cut it from the inside with a sword, went out; tells the sword that no one can remove it from the body of the snake but him; the king, whose daughter was to be eaten, tells the eagle to turn to the eagle in a tree in the middle of the sea; the chicks ask their father for a man; on the way, the Bear Son throws buffaloes and rams to the eagle, and finally cuts off the flesh from his thigh; on the ground he belches a piece back; Bear son finds comrades, marries a woman from a tower, marries comrades]: 782-784; Avars [Ali Aigurova is so strong that he harnessed dragons into the arba; takes a river swallower as companions and sharpshooter; swallow, then the shooter stays cooking, the dwarf ties them with his hair, eats lunch; AA pinched the dwarf's beard with a plane tree; he escaped, went into the hole; the companions are afraid to go down, it's hot; AA kills a dwarf, sends his captive upstairs; she warns that if the rope is cut, AA must jump on a white ram that comes running to butt black, he will take him upstairs; AA hits black, fell below; there the 9-headed dragon closed the water, gives it in exchange for the girls; AA kills him; the khan says that only a kwankwa bird can carry to the ground; a three-headed serpent crawls to its nest, AA his kills; grateful kwankwa picks up AA, he feeds her buffalo meat, gives her water; cuts off the last piece from her leg; kwankwa belches it, puts it back; AA kills the swallower and shooter fighting from -for girls, marries]: Saidov, Dalgat 1965:174-183; Lezgins [Zulum-Magoma eats and works like a giant; fellow villagers are afraid of him; mother pretends to be sick, asks for lion meat; he is easy completes the task, goes to fight dragons; on the way he meets a tree puller and leveling mountains; companions cook; a long-bearded dwarf binds cooks with his hair every time, everything eats; Z. throws him up to the sky, the dwarf falls, hides underground; the companions can't go down, it's hot there; Z. descends, kills three dragons (3-, 5-, 7-headed) sleeping on the knees of three girls; the companions lift the girls to the ground, leave M. below; the youngest manages to say that he must grab the leg of the white gazelle, which will take him to the upper world; M. mistakenly grabs black, he takes him to black world; the seven-headed dragon closes the water, gives it for girls; Z. kills him; the king advises going to the plane tree, where the parrot's nest is; Z. kills a snake that is going to eat chicks; the parrot carries it to the upper world; Z. cuts off the last piece of meat from his leg, the bird puts it back on the ground; Z. comes to the wedding, kills traitors, marries, gives the other two girls for laborers]: Mazaev, Kasumov 1997 (2): 79-91 (=Khalilov 1965, No. 34:54-68); aguly [the shepherd has an evil wife; he noticed a deep hole, told his wife that he had found a chest of gold, brought him to a hole and pushed it there; but at home the children shouted so much that the shepherd returned and lowered his pole into the pit; Azhdaha jumped out, thanked him for his salvation from the evil old woman; promised to reward him: he would close access to the spring, and the shepherd would seem to drive him away; but this should not be repeated; Azhdakha promises to give him water if the khan's daughter is given to him to eat; the shepherd came with a weapon, Azhdaha fled, the shepherd married the khan's daughter; the neighboring khan also asked for relief from Azhdakhi; the man asked where the most evil old woman lives, deliberately infuriated her, ran to the spring, shouted to Azhdaha that an old woman, who is even worse than the first, was running to him; Azhdaha ran away, the former shepherd received an award]: Ganiyeva 2011b, No. 57:508-509; the Udins [the shepherd's son Rustam is very strong, playing with other children, maiming them; the old woman advises sending R. to the forest where three divas live for firewood; the king sends, R. kills easily divas, brings firewood; the king sends R. to the white diva; after a hard struggle, R. kills him too; decides to leave; meets and companions a man who holds a torn tree over the plowman to create a shadow; a millstone tied to his feet and grinding grain with them; drinking a river; everyone, not knowing who is in front of him, says that his abilities mean nothing, but R. is a hero; they live in a hut, each cooks queues; Azhdakha comes, asks for pilaf broth, the cook asks him to wait, Azhdakha ties him with hair from his beard, eats everything; when R. remains, he cuts off his head, she rolls into a crevice; the tree holder tries to go down first, but shouts that it is burning, it is pulled out; the same with others; R. tells him not to pick it up if he screams; below R. opens 7 iron doors, sees sleeping diva on a girl's lap; kills him; so four girls and four divas, R. kills divas and Azhdakha's head; sends three girls upstairs; the last most beautiful is afraid that her companions will not lift R.; leaves him two feathers: if you hit one another, a white ram (carry him to the ground) and a black goat (lower it even lower) will appear; the companions picked up the girl and left; R. called the animals, accidentally sat on a goat , was downstairs; asked the old woman for a drink, she said that the snake in the well only provides water in exchange for gifts, now it is the king's daughter's turn; she brings a bowl of pilaf to the snake; R. chopped the snake, the princess put her blood-soaked hands on R.'s back; the king called everyone together, made sure that the hero was R.; he could not understand him to the ground, but said that the snake eats the bird's chicks; R. kills the snake; the chicks tell the bird so agrees to bring R. to the ground, he must ask the king for meat and water; he cuts off the last piece of R. from his thigh; on the ground, the bird sees that R. is limping, puts the meat back; gives two feathers Call her; R. forgives his companions, leaves them beauties, takes the best for himself; companions change rings; if the stone on the ring turns black, the owner is in trouble; R. comes to another country, kills a diva, takes his wife is his second wife; the local king also wanted this woman; the old woman asks to make a flying chest; asks R. to take her into service; persuades R.'s second wife to find out what his strength is; he says that without the rings would weaken, and in two weeks she would die; the old woman removed the ring from R., invited his wife to sit in the chest, the chest flew to the king; companions came, the water bread drank water in the well, found a ring there; R. defeated and killed the king, returned his wife]: Dirr 1921, No. 58:210-218; Megrelians (Imereti) [nine brothers buy a plot of land and go to work there; sister is told that they will be abandoned along the way garlic heads; an old mdevi picks up garlic, throws them on the way to her house; hungry and unable to find her sister at home, the brothers come to Mdevi, her sons defeat them, lock them in a barn to eat at the festival; God sends the Raven to find out why the mother of the missing is crying; the crow promises to tell God if the old woman gives her eye; God tells God that she is crying for the murdered child; the same with the second with an eye; God sends a Dove, he tells the truth; God curses the Raven, with the Dove sends the old woman a handkerchief to wipe her eyes and see the light, an apple to conceive a son; he becomes a giant, hears from playmates that he had brothers and sister; comes to Mdevi, fights; the severed head of the younger monster grows back, the bird tells him to sprinkle ash on the wound; so the hero kills all the mdevis, frees brothers and sister; brothers offer to race, provoking the hero to step on the carpet that covers the hole; the hero falls at the well, the daughter of the underground king cries next to him, who is given to be eaten by the dragon who has closed the water; the hero falls asleep, wakes up from a beauty that has dripped in tears, kills the dragon with an arrow; the grateful king puts the hero on an eagle along with a load of meat; there is not enough meat, the hero cuts off from his own leg, an eagle heals him on the ground; the hero returns to his mother, does not take revenge on his brothers]: Glushakov 1904, No. 1:1-6; Armenians [the king will heal only apples from the tree of immortality in India; older, middle sons fall asleep, demon takes apples; the middle finger cuts his finger to stay awake, injures the demon, brings apples, the father recovers; three brothers follow the demon's bloody trail to the cave; only the youngest does not afraid of burning when he is lowered on a rope; kills three demons, freeing three princesses; sends treasures and princesses upstairs; the brothers leave the young man himself below; the youngest girl was taught to jump on a black ram will jump on red, red on white, white will take it to the ground; a young man jumps on white, white on red, red on black, black down; an old woman says that the dragon gives water in exchange for girls; a young man kills a dragon, saves a princess; it is dark in the lower world: the dragon devours the eagle's chicks, the eagle closes the light; the young man kills the dragon, the chicks tell their mother who their savior is; the eagle commands feed and water him on the way; the father of the saved princess gives supplies; the young man cuts off the last piece from his leg; on the ground, the Eagle puts it back; the young man is hired by a jeweler; using a magic ring makes a golden mouse and cat alive, and other animals; during the wedding of princesses and brothers, he is handsome on a horse; kills brothers, a king, takes the princess]: Wingate 1911, No. 6:351-361; Azerbaijanis: Akhundov 1955 [the Shah's apple tree brings one rejuvenating apple every year, someone takes it away; the elder, the middle one fall asleep, the younger Melik-Mamed injures the diva, the brothers follow the bloody trail; because of the heat, the elders cannot go down to the well, MM consistently meets three girls and three divas at the bottom; each indicates a bottle with a diva's soul, MM breaks it; sends the girls upstairs; the youngest says that if the brothers cut the rope, MM must jump on the white ram; cuts the rope, the white ram drops MM on the black one, which takes it to the realm of darkness; there the dragon devours every year Zumrud's chicks; MM kills him; the bird promises to take MM upstairs if he gets forty oxen carcasses and forty wineskins of water; MM kills the dragon that closes the water that gives it for girls; the king gives it to him meat and wineskins filled with water; the last piece of MM is cut off from its thigh, the bird puts it back; MM is hired by a tailor; in its true form, on horseback, cuts off the head of the older, middle brothers; opens, marries, two other girls are given for courtiers]: 50-63 (=Mazaev, Kasumov 1997 (2): 463-474); Stamboliev 1896, No. 1 [divas took the son and daughter of a man, who was born hero Hasan; he kills diva, tells the witch to spell his brother turned into a donkey; on the way home, the brother kills the sleeping G.; the mother is happy, because G. was too strong; pigeons revive him; G. kills his brother; the mother reports this to the king; The king sends G. to the forest to be torn to pieces by animals, he kills animals; Aga-Kerim splashes water from the river for several miles; Gul-Mamed throws stones; G. defeats them, takes them as companions; each in turn cooks, the old man ties the cook with his hair, eats everything; G. stays, tears off the old man's head, head and body roll; on the bloody trail G. goes to the well, goes down; sends three upstairs girls; the latter tells you to jump on the black ram, he will throw it at the white ram, the white one up; the companions threw the rope; G. jumped on the white ram, was thrown on the black one, then into the lower world; there the snake gives water in exchange for the sacrifice, the princess's turn; G. kills the snake; the king offers the princess, G. asks him to be taken upstairs; the king sends him to the bird Roch, her crocodile eats the children; G. kills him, Roch carries him to earth, supplies run out, G. cuts off a piece of meat from his thigh; on the ground, the bird regurgitates it, puts it back; G. burns the bird's feather, it arrives, gives a horse; at the wedding of AK and GM G. while horseback kills, passes two girls off as others, takes the youngest for himself]: 1-8; Turks: Dmitriev 1967, No. 1 [apples disappear from the padishah's garden; the eldest, middle son is afraid of the storm, the youngest hits one with an arrow the head of a double-headed dragon; the brothers follow the footsteps to the well; the eldest, the middle, are told to drag them back, the youngest goes down to the bottom, cuts off the dragon's second head; three girls are pulled out of the well; the youngest warns that if the brothers leave a young man, he must fall on a white ram and climb it to the ground; it falls on a black sheep, falls seven layers down; the old woman says that every year they they give the dragon a girl while he eats it, take water; it is the turn of the padishah's daughter, the young man cuts off seven heads of the dragon; the girl identifies the savior, the young man asks the padishah to take him to the ground, he cannot; the dragon eats the Sumuranka bird's chicks; the young man kills him, the chicks tell their mother that the young man saved them; S. tells them to immerse 40 rams and 40 wineskins of water; the young man cuts off the last piece from his foot, Sumuranka puts it back; the young man pretends to be a bald poor man; the sisters agree to marry if they get a gold spinning wheel, a hoop, a hen with chickens (they had it, now the boy has it); the young man pretends to makes these items, the sisters understand that he is back; he looks like a handsome man in green clothes, comes to the palace, receives a wife and kingdom from his father; brothers are forgiven], 2 [three-legged deva swallows sister, two older brothers, the youngest kills the deva and his female, releases the swallowed ones from the womb; the brothers let him down the well to get water; he kills the deva, frees three maidens; (more like in (1); on the ground, a young man takes his bride, the bird carries them both, gets tired, then the young man cuts off her meat from her thigh; when he reaches, the bird puts a piece; they arrive at the padishah, the young man marries her beloved, and the daughter of the padishah]: 31-39, 39-48; Walker, Uysal 1966, No. 1 [the blind padishah will see the light if he gets the land from where he has not been; the eldest, middle son gallops three, six months, come back; the younger Kerloghlan ("bald") threatens the mother to kill her; she gives a bridle to summon her father's horse from the bottom of the reservoir; on it K. comes to one, then to the second old woman, takes their daughters out for the older, middle brother; the first old woman: the land unkempt by the father is under the head of a lying monster; the horse: the monster can burn everything, the father is blind from his fire; the monster promises to give land for the girl Khoja Kyz; seeing her, K. goes blind; she heals him, but his eyes turn dark, without proteins; HC promises to go with K. if he brings a mare with six foals living in the river; these are the horse's brothers K.; the horse rushes into the river; if red foam pops up, so he died; white pops up; the mare comes out, the foals follow her; HC recognizes the strength of K., the monster gives land, leaves the young man HC, father K. immediately sees the light; HC gives K. two nuts, inside one dress, the other - gold tray with moving figures; gives a ring, teaches what to do; brothers put K. on the carpet above the hole, he falls through, they pick up the girls; K. licks the ring, white and black sheep appear, K. tries to jump on white, black takes him to the seventh lower world; the old woman has only bad water, the seven-headed giant took the good one, gives it in exchange for the girls devoured; the turn of the royal daughter; K. cuts off six heads, the giant dies; if the seventh was cut off, he would come to life; the princess's hands were covered in the giant's blood, she put them on K.'s back, so they found that he was the hero; K. kills a snake that devoured the bird's chicks Anka; she agrees to take it to the ground; the harvested 40 kg of meat and water runs out, K. cuts off a piece of flesh from the caviar; on the ground, Anka puts it back; K. is hired by a tailor, then a jeweler; those they bring a dress, a tray that HC required as a condition for marriage; HC knows that K. is back; a tournament is held twice (jirit); at first K. is in black clothes, kills his older brother, on the second - in red, kills the middle one; HC tells the padishah everything; wedding 40 days and nights]: 10-24; Kurds: Jalil et al. 1989 [older and middle brother fall asleep, only younger Kuchuk Avdla cuts off the tail of the dragon that has ruined the garden; his brothers follow him into the gorge, they lower it on a rope, the dragon's youngest daughter teaches that her father should be hit with a sword only once; he kills the dragon, brothers they raise three dragon daughters upstairs, cut off the rope; before that, the younger sister explains to KA that black and white sheep will eat grass, black sheep will turn white, and white sheep will turn black, you have to jump on the white one's back ; The KA does the opposite, the ram does not lift it up, but lowers it even lower; the dragon hides the water, gives halva and a girl in exchange for two cauldrons, the KA kills him, marries the Shah's daughter, whom the dragon should have eat; another dragon devours Simr's chicks every year; the KA kills him, the bird agrees to raise him to the ground, orders him to prepare seven lamb fat tails, bread, wineskins of water; the KA drops one fat tail , cuts off the meat from his thigh; when he arrives, Simr returns the meat to him, it grows; the KA takes the form of a bald man, wins competitions incognito, comes to his fiancée's wedding, marries, kills enemies], No. 2: 46-59; Rudenko 1970, No. 51 [Krale Kafyr agrees not to kill orphan Zalia and his sister; Zal defeats a sea monster, beautiful Rudabe is under the skin of the beast; KK is afraid of the monster, everyone moves on to Z ., he establishes Islam; passes his sister off as Kambar; R. cannot be born, the Simurg bird gives a sword to cut R.'s stomach, Rostam is born; K.'s wife gives birth to a son named Bedran; K. is the patron and companion of R.; while R. sleeps, the dragon draws K. in, who cuts him with a sword from the inside; the next night K. kills the diva, cuts off his ears; R. does not believe, offended K. leaves; Div Heungrman hides R. in a dungeon on the seashore; Orynj son R. goes in search; the old woman gives urine instead of water, the dragon closes the water, gives it for the girls; O. kills the dragon; the king says that only Simurg knows where Div H. is; O. kills the dragon crawling to Simurg chicks; she brings O. to H.; O. turns H. into a mule, R. rides it, Simurg carries O. by air; the husbands of the padishah's daughter are found dead after the wedding night; O. remains instead of the groom, cuts off the diva's steel hand, his sister releases 300 petrified horsemen during his life; O. and R. free Bedran, who fell into the dungeon; exterminate the infidels]: 155-174; Farizov, Rudenko 1959 [dying father tells his sons Suleiman, Osman, Ismail to be on duty at his grave; younger I. injures a diva who has come to dig up the grave; the brothers go to look for a diva, the mother follows, drinks from a donkey's hoof, gives birth Long-eared Harzam; he finds brothers, they are afraid of going down into a hot failure, H. descends; the youngest of three daughters, the diva shows Golperi's sword, H. cuts off the diva's head; G. predicts that the brothers they cut the rope, tell them to jump on the white ram; after picking up the girls, S. and O. cut off the rope; H. jumps on a black ram, falls through seven worlds; instead of water, the old woman brings him urine, gives him water dragon in exchange for girls; H. kills the dragon, saves the padishah's daughter; he says that the dragon has been eating Simur's chicks for many years; H. kills the dragon, the chicks explain everything to their mother, Simur brings H. to the ground; in flight, he feeds and waters the bird, cuts off the last piece from his leg, it regurgitates, puts it back, gives a pen; H. finds G. and I., a dragon wraps around their tent, he tells Gula to know the story and Sinama; Sinam Padishah tells how he changed clothes with a groom, accompanies his wife unrecognized at night to the robbers cave; turns the traitor into a crow, the chieftain into a horse, then hangs incense with ashes lover around the crow's neck; wants to kill H., he pulls out Simur's feather, she takes him to the dragon; when she hears the story, the dragon turns into a girl, she makes H.'s ears normal; H. marries her, reigns, forgives brothers]: 60-72.

Iran - Central Asia. Lura [the king has three sons, the youngest Jahantigh; his father's wife offered him love, J. refused; the woman grabbed him by the clothes, he cut off the piece of dress that was left in her hand, ran away; she accused him of attacking her honor; the king wanted to execute her son, but the vizier advised him to simply expel him; the older brothers left with the youngest; at night they take turns keeping the fire; when J. is awake, the wind blew out the fire; J. came to 16 demons; they cannot get the princess, because there are bells everywhere, which start to ring when they approach and the guards wake up; J. suggests stuffing them into the bells cotton wool; then tells the demons to go up one by one and kills everyone; kisses the princess and changes rings with her; brings a brazier to the sleeping brothers; in the city everyone claims that he destroyed it demons; when J. came, the king wants to give him his daughter, but he gives her older brother and moves on; in another village, the inhabitants are exhausted; the dragon closed the spring, every day gives water for sheep, bread and girl, turn of the royal daughter; clenching the back of the sword with his teeth, J. and the girl rushes into the dragon's mouth, ripped it apart with the blade of a sword; the girl marked the savior with dragon blood; all sources are here But they were filled; the men gathered, the princess found her savior; J. gave in to her middle brother, went on; J. comes to a city whose inhabitants are invisible; the fairy saw J. in a dream and will break the spell, if J. comes to her; when she saw him, she made everyone else visible; J. married his servant to the fairy and came to a city where there are only women; the fairy king invites everyone to overcome him, but no one can and he killed all men; the old woman teaches: we must take possession of the king's seahorse; hide in the stable; the horse will light up, the king will come to give him sugar; so twice; the third time the king whips off the horse and leaves; then J. the horse will be pigeon; after defeating the king, he can be released only after he says "with my mother's milk and father's pain"; the fairy king gave his daughter J.; once his wife combed her hair and her hair fell into the river; his prince picked it up, the old woman promised to get the owner if she was given as much gold as she weighs herself; she came to J.'s wife; she did not want to keep her, but J. ordered her to keep it; the old woman persuaded J. to find out what his strength was; his wife pretended to be offended, J. admitted that his strength was in his hand (blade in his arm); when he fell asleep, his wife took out the blade, gave it to the old woman, who threw it into the river, put the woman to sleep and took her to the prince; J.'s wife told him she was in mourning for 40 days; his older brother J. saw that his star had set and the middle one knew how to be underwater; they came, the middle brother took out a blade from the bottom of the river, J. regained consciousness; the brothers bribed the old woman to take J.'s wife out of town; J. returned his wife, ordered the old woman to be burned]: Amanolahi, Thackston 1986, No. 1:1-9; Persians: Rosenfeld 1956 [the dervish gives the childless padishah to eat an apple in half with his wife; a son Jehantig is born, the dervish ties a diamond dagger to him in which his soul; D. grew up, opened the forbidden room, there is a portrait girls with 40 braids, he goes to look for her; meets, takes the Stargazer and the Sailor as companions; the dragon has closed the water, gives her for the girls, the Shah's daughter is intended to be eaten; D. kills the dragon, gets the princess, gives it to the Stargazer; in another city he kills ferocious lions, gives the received princess to the sailor; at Mount Kaf sees petrified people trying to get the princess; hits a cat with an arrow around whose neck petrified keys come to life; girls sweep the yard with their eyelashes, D. gives them brooms; kills divas guarding the sleep of a girl with 40 braids; marries her, lives in a palace; another shah-zade wants to take her away; an old woman persuades his wife D. to find out what his soul is; throws a knife into the sea, D.'s body into the well; the Stargazer sees that the star D. is clouded; together with the Sailor they come, take out a knife, and D. comes to life; D. kills old woman and kidnapper; all is well]: 175-185; Baluchi [the dervish gives the childless king an apple; the king's wife eats him, gives birth to a dead boy; Azrail takes him away, revives his name Janteg; D. takes a Stargazer, a Water Scientist, a buzlanga named Grandfather Gargashang (DG) as his sister brothers; the dragon has closed the water, the king's daughter is being eaten; D. lets himself be swallowed, immediately cuts the dragon in half with a sword; gives the girl Stargazer; DG destroys enemies, the princess gets a Water expert; DG brings D. to the girl Hair-in-Forty-Arshin, who marries; another king sends an old woman; she encourages his wife to ask D. where his soul; in a sword; an old woman takes the girl in a flying chest, throws her sword into the river; his brothers take out a sword, revive D., who returns his wife with the help of DG; finds his father]: Zarubin 1932, No. 10:121-133; Turkmens [son of bay, son of a merchant and sir see traces of a maiden at the well; son of bay, son of a merchant cannot go down because of the heat; an orphan descends, kills a deva, tells his companions to raise the liberated peri; those they throw away the rope, the son of the bay takes the peri, the merchant's son takes treasures; in a dream, someone tells the young man that white and black sheep will fall from above, he must jump on the white one, he will take it upstairs; he jumps accidentally on black; the daikhanin lets him plow, tells him not to make noise, tigers rush at him, he harnesses them; the dragon crawls to eat the chicks on the plane tree, the young man kills him, Simurg gives him his feathers; in the city, the dragon is locked water, demands girls to eat; a young man kills him, a grateful padishah adopts him; Simurg takes him to the ground, he throws meat and water to her, cuts off the last piece from her thigh, she hides it under her tongue , puts it back; at home, the young man turns into an old man, restores his mother's vision with Simurg's pen, becomes young again, his mother recognizes him; he kills the sons of the merchant and the bay, takes both wives]: Stebleva 1969, No. 33:170-179.

Baltoscandia. Danes [a lazy young man sees a crow on an apple tree; shoots three times, each time the raven pretends to fall; the young man comes up to him, he puts it on his back, flies away; three times pretends to He throws the young man into the sea, and explains that he was just as afraid when the young man shot; the raven brings the young man to the field, tells him to go to the house, say hello from the crow from Salby and ask for porridge and butter; eating, a young man gains the strength of 20 men; sees a white rug with a red thread in the air, follows him, finds a crow; so three times; the last time he finds himself on a mountain and rolls down from it out of laziness, and does not descend slowly; the raven brings the young man to the castle, tells him to hire him in the kitchen, walk the long road; the young man tries to go straight, gets into the swamp; the raven helps for the last time; the local king promised the daughter of the sea to the king, if he helps to cope with the lack of water; now promises a daughter and half the kingdom to the one who will save him from the water king; the Red Knight went to protect the princess, but when he saw the wave, he ran away; the young man waited The third wave, in which the sea king, the young man overcame him and killed him, then fell asleep; the princess woven a gold ring into his hair, but was forced to go with the impostor, the Red Knight; their wedding was being prepared; the king must check who has the ring in his hair; the young man does not go, the king is forced to come by himself; the young man gets the princess and half the kingdom, the Red Knight is hanged; the young man meets the Raven in the form of a man; that takes him home, marries his sister]: Grundtvig 1920:166-174.

Volga - Perm. Marie [childless old man and old woman made their son out of dough (nönchyk), he came to life, became Nönchyk-patyr; he is told to gather guests, N. asks his husbands to come without wives; he was sent for wives, he asks them to come without children; sent for children, he loads the children on the cart with a pitchfork; they decide to get rid of him, send him to the far field for sheep; he brings wolves; bears instead of horses; brought damn girl; father tells him to leave; N. asks the blacksmith to forge a weight, throws it under the clouds; the one 150 pounds crashed on his head, withstood 200 pounds; N. met, took Tumo-Patyr with him ("oak") and Kürtnö-patyra ("iron"); they take turns cooking; an old dwarf with a beard beards hits and eats the cook; N. hung him by the beard on a birch tree; he fell off, left; the patyrs followed the bloody trail to the stone, there is a hole under it; T., K, afraid to go down, N. went down, there are three girls, they say that the father returned without a beard, went to the bathhouse; N. killed a dwarf, burned it in the stove; sent the girls upstairs; when he himself got up, his companions cut off his belt; N. fell, entering the ground to the waist; grabbed the wolf by the tail, he pulled it out; the old woman complains that the snake closed the water, gives the princess's turn for the girls; N. killed the snake; the Arslan-kayyk bird carried him to the ground; there T. wants to marry a girl from the ground; she recognized her ring given by N.; N. suggests firing arrows up; T. and K.'s arrows pierced them, N.'s arrow entered oil; he began to live with his wife]: Tudorovskaya, Eman 1945:39-49; Bashkirs [a childless old woman makes her son out of dough, this is Kamyr Batyr; he is strong, maims other children, his father drives him away; he meets, takes to the companions of Namyan Batyr and Tau-batyr; they sleep in a hut, three girls cook, leave; on the third day, the warriors catch them; in their absence, a karsyk comes to their wives, tells them to look for them in her hair, sucks them bone marrow; I., T. guard, see everything, but are afraid to say; K. cuts off the old woman's head; she promises that there will be a thousand heads; every day the army of demons is increasing, the warriors are defeated, their wives are kidnapped; K. on a rope descends into the lower world; women pinched a baby deva, they say that he cries wanting to be at his father's soul; dev: she is in a dove, he is in a chest, a chest in a mare; K. kills a deva, companions raise women, the rope is cut off; Azhdaha does not allow him to approach the sea, he is donated every day for a girl, K. kills him; kills a snake crawling to eat the chicks of the Samrigush bird; she agrees take K. to the ground; on the way he feeds her starlings, cuts off the last piece from her leg, the bird puts it back; K. offers I. and T. to shoot up, fallen arrows kill them, K. gets three wives]: Barag 1988, No. 23:154-158.

Turkestan. Kyrgyz [the dragon has blocked the rivers, demands a girl to eat every day; when it is the turn of Khan Azil's eldest daughter, the young man Naabat promises to kill the dragon; disguised as a woman, hacked down a dragon, received three Khan's daughters for himself and his two brothers]: Ledenev 1987:133-135.

(Wed. Subarctic. Beaver [Tumashale comes to the beaver dam; a girl cries there; says that a giant beaver can only be pacified by people who give it to him, now they have given her away; T. kills Beaver with an arrow, cuts into small pieces, from which the current beavers emerge; T. puts a trap, the Sun falls into it; it becomes dark; T. cannot approach because of the heat; other animals also fail , only the Mouse gnaws through the fetters; T. meets an old man who eats lynx meat, they spend the night in the forest; T. replaces moccasins drying by the fire in advance; the old man throws his own into the fire instead of T.'s moccasins; in the morning T. gives him one a moccasin from his pair; an old man gives him an arrow; T. shoots, follows her, ends up in the sky; an old woman lowers him on a rope; he thinks he has reached the ground, gives a signal, the rope falls; in fact, he's in a large nest; kills two chicks; the third replies that the father will arrive with hail, the mother with rain; T. kills adult birds, turns the chick into an ordinary bird, teaches how to fish; T. comes to a woman, she says that inside her three daughters are bad creatures that kill men; T. destroys these creatures (without details), marries girls; father-in-law consistently orders to bring various materials for making arrows, the old woman warns of dangers every time; 1) bring saskatoons (probably reeds) to make poles (there are snakes, T. puts on stone moccasins, brings reeds); 2) get a grinding stone; on the edge of a cliff, an elk man throws down those who come, his wife kills them; T. throws off the Moose himself, the wife takes the falling for a stranger; T. kills her with a stick, brings her stone; 3) bring feathers for arrows; T. kills huge eagles, brings feathers; 4) bring the tendons of a huge bison; he has two snipes sitting on his horns, warning people of approaching; T. turns into a rodent, digs passages in different directions, gnaws hair from the bison's chest (shoulder), pierces it in this place, brings tendons; 5) bring resin, it is between two collapsing trees; T. puts on stone mittens, brings resin; 6) hunt bears; father-in-law turns his daughters into bears, T. kills them; chases his father-in-law, he jumps into the water; T. tells the pelican to drink the lake; father-in-law drowned; T. meets an old man who turns out to be his younger brother, they tell each other about their adventures]: Goddard 1916:232-237).