K38f2. A sign marked with dragon blood.
.13.17.27.29.30.
Thegirl saved by the hero stains him with the blood of the monster he killed. When the deceiver claims that he killed the dragon, the hero shows a trace of blood on his body, thereby proving that he is the winner.
Nubians, Arabs of Sudan, Iraq, Greeks, Aguls, Udis, Armenians, Turks, Lurs, Persians.
Sudan - East Africa. Nubians [lying in a puddle, a woman gave birth to a donkey from the seed; Ahmed Son of a Donkey (ASO) beats his wife twice a day, who confirms that he is brave; the old woman advises his wife to answer that there are daredevils better; ASO leaves, meets, takes as companions Eared, Glazed, Angry, Inexhaustible (irrigates the beds with his urine); everyone first replies that if he met ASO, he would fraternize with him; the king sprinkles poison, the Eyed takes away the poisoned pieces; the king sets fire to the house, the Inexhaustible floods; the angry almost killed everyone; the king is ready to give his daughter, the ASO only takes a receipt that they are brave; each the queue cooks, the giant eats everything; when it's ASO's turn, he throws him into the fire, the giant disappears into the well; the ASO goes down the rope, the beauty says that the giant's soul is in the chest, the ASO breaks it; twins pick up, share beauty and treasures, cut off the rope; ASO falls into the fifth underworld; there the crocodile closed the river, gives water in exchange for girls; ASO promises to cause ritual scars to the crocodile on the occasion of eating him and the girl, he kills; hides with an old woman, leaving a handprint on the princess's thigh; the king finds the hero, tells the eagle to take him upstairs; there is not enough meat, the ASO cuts off a piece from the thigh, gives it to the eagle; he puts it back; ASO forgives his brothers, returns to his wife]: Katznelson 1968:78-94; Sudanese Arabs [gulya (female demon) closed the water, every day demands a girl and a cooked sheep to eat; it is the turn of the Sultan's daughter; Muhammad comes, asks the old woman for water, she explains why there is no water; he unties the girl, falls asleep; red wind, downpour , black rain, followed by a gulya; a girl's tear falls on M.'s face, he wakes up, cuts off seven guli heads, leaves his blood-smeared palm print on the girl's thigh, gives her ring; the sultan is looking for a hero; only M. fits the ring, his palm matches the print; M. gets the Sultan's daughter as his wife]: Al-Shahi, Moore 1920, No. 30:149-151; Sudanese Arabs (Jaaaliyin) [from the Sultan two wives: a slave with two sons and a free woman with a son Muhammad; every year a palm tree produces dates and a snake eats them; the sons of the slave went to guard, they did not notice anything; M. cut off the snake head; two feathers fell from her head: gold and silver; M. brought silver to his father, the gold one disappeared; the father sends his sons to find him; at the crossroads, the woman gives them food, explains: one road - If you go, you won't come back, but another road of peace; M. went the road of peace; the same snake appeared at the edge of the forest, ate the dates that M. took with him, spat in the water; turned into a man with a sword; he said that the road will lead to the local sultan; he will give two chickens, black and white; they must be caught with his eyes closed; a man with a sword will kill whoever catches a white one but lets go if he catches a black one; M. caught white, but asked him to let him go: he himself is the son of the Sultan; M. returned to the snake; she sends him to the Sultan, who will offer, closing his eyes, to catch horses with gold and silver harness; who caught a horse with gold harness will be punished; (the same as with chickens); the snake sends again to the Sultan: he will give the girl, but her whole body must be carefully wrapped in cloth; if even her little finger is visible, she will burn the village, and the Sultan will punish M.; fingers are visible, the village burned down; the Sultan let go again; M. took the chickens, horses and the girl, finds the brothers who have gone the road of non-return; they ask to go down to the well for water; there is black and white sheep; if you say "white will knock down black", Allah will save; if, on the contrary, you fall down 7 worlds; M. said just like that, the white ram threw him down; there the old woman, M. asked for water, she gave it, a fly in the water, M. splashed out the water, the old woman scolds him: there is not enough water, a crocodile holds her, gives her one a day in exchange for the girls, the king will give her daughter to someone who saves her; M. fell asleep, the princess's tear fell in her ear M., he jumped up, cut off the crocodile's head; so all 7 heads; marked each with blood; exchanged rings with the princess; the king checked whether the rings were the right, told M. to raise his severed head; making sure that he is a hero, the king gave M. a daughter]: Hurreiz 1977, No. 9:85-87.
Western Asia. Palestinians [the king gives a barren wife three apples to eat, she gives birth to a son three times; seeds grow three apple trees; every year the wind tears off their petals; the eldest sons Raid and Zaid they guard, flee from the cloud; the younger Said shoots, follows a bloody trail to the well, descends; the kidnapped princess Dumia explains that a sleeping wounded giant can only be killed with his sword; S. kills; D. gives his dress and ring, tells him to sit on a white ram; S. sends D. and treasures upstairs; seeing D., R. and Z. throw a rope; S. accidentally sat on a black ram, came to the seventh lower world ; kills a snake that tried to kill piglets; the pig promises to take S. upstairs if he prepares 40 rams and 40 wineskins of water; the water is covered by an evil efreet, gives for the girls; S. kills and., saves the princess; the pig takes S. to the ground; he puts lamb demand on his head, is hired as an apprentice; R. became king, expelled Z., is preparing a wedding with D.; she demands to make a ring and clothes; S.-apprentice gives them to the owner, D. recognizes them; during the wedding, the elephant trampled R., S. killed the elephant (and the bear), D. recognized him, he reigned]: Lebedev 1990, No. 19:109-117; the Arabs of Iraq [the king divorced his first wife, from her son Muhammad (M.); sons Mahmud and Ahmed from his second wife; expelled the first with M.; became blind, lion's milk will help; older brothers reluctantly allow the youngest to go with them; the old man points three ways: 1] prosperity, 2) regret and remorse, 3) for which they do not return; each of the brothers goes his own way, M. goes last; the elders met again, wasted everything, were hired as workers in the city; captive in the genie's castle, he advises M. to venerate their mother's breast; now M. has become their brother, they have taken it to their middle aunt, her sons to their elder aunt; her sons tell them to remove the splinter from the lion's paw; a grateful lion gives a wineskin of lion's milk, sends a young lion to carry it; M. also receives camels, gold and three girls; finds brothers, takes them with him, but stigmatizes them; brothers they let him down into a well for water; there is a girl and an eagle that stole her; M. kills an eagle (if hit a second time, she will come to life); the girl feels that her brothers will cut the rope; if M. touches the white goat, she he will take him to the ground, if he takes him down to the bottom; M. sends a girl upstairs, the rope is cut off, touched by a black goat, he fell into the lower world of genies; there a witch gives water in exchange for girls, now it is the turn of the daughter of the king of genies; M. kills the witch, the girl marks the savior with her blood; everyone brags that they killed the witch, but the girl throws grenades at M.; the genie flies with M. to the ground, who is on the way throws fat tails and tortillas into his mouth, one piece falls, he cut off the meat from his thigh; the genie belches him, puts it back; older brothers and the stolen goods are waiting in an enchanted sarcophagus; M. wins the father's army, says all races, shows marks on the shoulders of the brothers, heals the father from blindness; he gave him the throne, imprisoned his eldest sons]: Yaremenko 1990, No. 16:93-102; Yemen [at the Sultan many children; one son and one daughter are already grown up; the daughter leaves the palace at night, devours babies, then returns; people followed her, said the Sultan's son, who was convinced of the veracity of this story , said to his father, but the Sultan drove his son away; he rode to a country where the Sultan has seven daughters; Afrit closed the water, every year he gives it only in exchange for the Sultan's daughters; he has already eaten four; the young man stops at the poor old woman; comes to the mouth of the wadi, sees how another girl in the bride's clothes was brought; hides behind a rock; Afrite puts his sword on the ground, the young man grabs it, cuts off Afrita's head ( Afrit can only be killed with his own weapon); he asks to hit again, the young man refuses; in the palace they believe in the girl's salvation after they see that the wadi is full of water; a feast; a young man is found with a poor old woman, the sultan marries him to his rescued daughter; the young man decides to travel; enters the castle; there are two girls hanged by the hair; the third explains that an Afrit will appear and fall asleep on her lap; we must wait until he will not release gases with a terrible roar - it means he sleeps deeply; killing Afrit with his own sword at once; a young man kills Afrit, frees the hanged, calls the girls sisters; each gives him one a magic object: a needle (will become a mountain), a salt crystal (a salt mountain), a cage with two pigeons (if the young man is in trouble, they will rush, turn into winged horses, come to the rescue); a young man returns to his wife, leaves her a cage with pigeons, admits that he is the son of the Sultan, goes to visit his native places; there the werewolf sister ate everyone; says that they are dead; goes to the stall, eats brother's horse, he himself runs, throws a needle (mountain), salt (salt mountain), but his sister overcame them; just as the sun went down, the young man's wife's pigeons were worried, she released them, the horses flew in, the young man sat on one, the other runs behind, the young man returned to his wife]: Daum 1992, No. 4:38-55; Mehri: Jahn 1902, No. 7 [the sultan told five sons that he would kill their mother because she took the Jew as a lover; the youngest son Muhammad warned his mother, they left; there was no fire, M. saw a fire in the distance, seven were sitting there, cooking a camel, telling him to cut the meat; he took his share and fire, but on the way the rain put out the fire; M. returned, They were angry, M. killed them, began to live with his mother in their castle; one demon was alive, his mother found him, cured him, took him as a lover; to get rid of M., the demon suggests sending him to the garden for olives, where are lions and snakes; the mother was sick, olives would cure her; M. met a man, brought him water, he gave him hair - if burned, he would come to the rescue; became a horse, took M. to the garden, M. let the chained lion go, took olives, brought it to his mother; she sent him to bring clothes; he went on horseback to where the Sultan's daughter was given to be eaten by a 7-eyed, seven-horned snake; killed the snake, breaking its horns with stones, gouging out its eyes with a spear; put his head on the mountain; sultan: whoever takes off his head kills the snake; M. takes off, gets the princess; returns to his mother again; she ties him up - to see how strong he is; tells the demon to kill him; but he is afraid; then he throws him out of the castle; the caravans find him, release him; M. kills the demon and the two children that his mother M. gave birth to him, throws him away; under the guise of a dervish, she comes to the Sultan , who gives off his youngest daughter; she sees M. hiding his horse and sword; throws a lemon at him; other daughters married wealthy merchants; the Sultan's eyes hurt, he will be cured by wild goat milk; M. milks a wild goat and hyena, gives hyena milk to his elder sons-in-law, for which he burns their scrotum; hyena milk made the sultan worse, and the goat milk brought by M. cured him; M. defeated the attacking enemies; injured his arm, it was tied with a handkerchief; the slave recognized the handkerchief; the sultan saw the stamps on his older sons-in-law; made M. sultan, became a vizier himself]: 21-37; Stroomer 1999, No. 42 [the young man brags about his strength, the mother says that there is Abu Zaid al-Hilali ; a young man and his mother meet him and his two companions; they divide the camel into five servings, the young man says he cannot eat so much; they go and see the king's daughter tied to a tree; she is given to be eaten by a snake , he demands sacrifices every day, otherwise he will ruin the country; the young man trembles in horror; A. kills a snake, puts his severed head on the roof of the castle; everyone calls himself a winner: king: the winner is the one who gets his head from the roof; only A. in dervish clothes pulls out; the king wants to give him his daughter, but he only asks that one bastard (the young man who boasted) be taken home]: 113-119.
The Balkans. Greeks (many records) [dragon (snake, monster) closed water sources, demanding human casualties every year; queue for the princess (for 12 girls and 12 boys; for a child); young man (youngest) son, prince, St. George, etc.) undertakes to kill the dragon; the tsar promises to give his daughter to her savior; the young man falls asleep with his head on the princess's knees, her fallen tear wakes him up; after defeating the dragon, the young man carves out his tongues or a girl smears him with dragon blood; a gypsy (Moor) claims that he killed the dragon; the young man shows his tongues or a sign on his body, exposes the deceiver]: Megas 2012, No. 300:20-21.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. Aguly [three brothers live in the mill, cook in turn; a bearded dwarf comes, eats meat, asks for more; the older two refuse, he ties them with his hair; younger Ahmed is polite, he offers food himself, receives a wonderful sword, they must kill the seven-headed ajdaha who has closed the water, who must be given to the princess; A. kills Azhdakha, the princess puts a mark on the savior's back; the brothers bind A., let them go down the river in a boat, say that they killed Azhdakha; the princess objects, then they threaten everything with a wonderful sword; the dwarf saves A., turns the brothers into wolves, A. gets the princess]: Ganiyeva 2011b, No. 33:320-323 (=Maysak 2014, â„– P1:477-478); Udins [the shepherd's son Rustam is very strong, playing with other children, maiming them; the old woman advises sending R. to the forest where three live for firewood diva; the king sends, R. easily kills divas, brings firewood; the king sends R. to the white diva; after a hard struggle, R. kills him too; decides to leave; meets, takes as companions a man who holds over a plowman uprooted a tree to create shade; tying a millstone to his feet and grinding grain with them; drinking a river; everyone, not knowing who is in front of him, says that his abilities mean nothing, but R. hero; they live in a hut, each one cooks in turn; Azhdakha comes, asks for pilaf broth, the cook asks him to wait, Azhdaha ties him with hair from his beard, eats everything; when R. remains, he cuts his head down, she rolls into the crevice; the tree holder is the first to try to go down, but shouts that it is burning, he is pulled out; the same is true with the others; R. tells him not to pick him up if he screams; below R. opens 7 iron doors, sees a sleeping diva on a girl's lap; kills him; so four girls and four divas, R. kills divas and Azhdakhi's head; sends three girls upstairs; the last one the beautiful one is afraid that the companions will not raise R.; leaves him two feathers: if you hit one another, a white ram (will carry him to the ground) and a black goat (lower it even lower) will appear; the companions picked up the girl and left; R. called the animals, accidentally sat on a goat, was downstairs; asked the old woman for a drink, who said that the snake in the well only gave water in exchange for gifts, now it was the king's daughter's turn; she brings a bowl to the snake pilaf; R. was chopped by a snake, the princess put her blood-soaked hands to R.'s back. ; the king called everyone together, made sure that the hero was R.; he could not understand him to the ground, but said that the snake eats the bird's chicks; R. kills the snake; the chicks tell the bird, so agrees to take R. to the ground, he must ask the king for a supply of meat and water; he cuts off the last piece of R. from his thigh; on the ground, the bird sees that R. is limping, puts the meat back; gives two feathers to summon it; R. forgives his companions, leaves them beauties, takes the best for himself; companions change rings; if the stone on the ring turns black, the owner is in trouble; R. comes to another country, kills a diva, takes his wife as a second wife; local the king also wanted this woman; the old woman asks to make a flying chest; asks R. to take her into service; persuades R.'s second wife to find out what his strength is; he says that without a ring he will weaken, and in two the old woman would die for weeks; the old woman took off the ring from R.'s sleeping, invited his wife to sit in the chest, the chest flew to the king; companions came, the water bread drank the water in the well, found the ring there; R. defeated and killed the king, returned his wife]: Dirr 1921, No. 58:210-218; Armenians [vishap blood, the princess dipped her hand in it to seal the prince's back]: Gullakian 1983:178; Turks [the blind padishah will see the light, if you get the land from where he has not been; the eldest, middle son gallops for three, six months, comes back; the younger Kerloghlan ("bald") threatens his mother to kill her; she gives a bridle to summon his father's horse from the bottom of the reservoir; on it, K. comes to one old woman, then to the second, takes their daughters out for their older, middle brother; the first old woman: the land unkempt by the father is under the head of a lying monster; horse: monster can burn everything, the father is blind from his fire; the monster promises to give land for the girl Khoja Kyz; when he sees her, K. goes blind; she heals him, but his eyes turn dark, without proteins; HC promises to go with K. will bring a mare living in the river with six foals; these are the horse brothers K.; the horse rushes into the river; if red foam pops up, it means he is dead; the white one pops up; the mare goes out, the foals follow her; HC recognizes the power of K ., the monster gives land, leaves the young man HC, father K. immediately sees the light; HC gives K. two nuts, inside one dress, the other a gold tray with moving figures; gives a ring, teaches what to do; brothers they put K. on the carpet above the hole, he falls through, they take the girls; K. licks the ring, white and black rams appear, K. tries to jump on white, black takes him to the seventh lower world; the old woman only bad water, the seven-headed giant took the good one, gives it in exchange for the girls devoured; it is the turn of the royal daughter; K. cuts off six heads, the giant dies; if the seventh is cut off, he would come to life; hands a princess in a giant's blood, she put them on K's back. , so they found that he is the hero; K. kills a snake that devoured the bird's chicks Anka; she agrees to take him to the ground; the harvested 40 kg of meat and water run out, K. cuts off a piece of flesh from her caviar; on the ground, Anka puts it back; K. is hired by a tailor, then to a jeweler; they bring the dress, the tray that HC required as a condition for marriage; HC knows that K. is back; settles down twice tournament (jirit); at first K. is in black clothes, kills his older brother, on the second - in red, kills the middle one; HC tells the padishah everything; wedding 40 days and nights]: Walker, Uysal 1966, No. 1: 10-24.
Iran - Central Asia. Lura [the king has three sons, the youngest Jahantigh; his father's wife offered him love, J. refused; the woman grabbed him by the clothes, he cut off the piece of dress that was left in her hand, ran away; she accused him of an attempt on her honor; the king wanted to execute her son, but the vizier advised him to simply expel him; the older brothers left with the youngest; at night they take turns keeping the fire; when J. the wind blew out the fire; J. came to 16 demons; they cannot get the princess, because there are bells everywhere, which start to ring when they approach and the guards wake up; J. suggests stuffing them into the bells cotton wool; then tells the demons to go up one by one and kills everyone; kisses the princess and changes rings with her; brings a brazier to the sleeping brothers; in the city everyone claims that he destroyed it demons; when J. came, the king wants to give him his daughter, but he gives her older brother and moves on; in another village, the inhabitants are exhausted; the dragon closed the spring, every day gives water for sheep, bread and girl, turn of the royal daughter; clenching the back of the sword with his teeth, J. and the girl rushes into the dragon's mouth, ripped it apart with the blade of a sword; the girl marked the savior with dragon blood; all sources are here But they were filled; the men gathered, the princess found her savior; J. gave in to her middle brother, went on; J. comes to a city whose inhabitants are invisible; the fairy saw J. in a dream and will break the spell, if J. comes to her; when she saw him, she made everyone else visible; J. married his servant to the fairy and came to a city where there are only women; the fairy king invites everyone to overcome him, but no one can and he killed all men; the old woman teaches: we must take possession of the king's seahorse; hide in the stable; the horse will light up, the king will come to give him sugar; so twice; the third time the king whips off the horse and leaves; then J. the horse will be pigeon; after defeating the king, he can be released only after he says "with my mother's milk and father's pain"; the fairy king gave his daughter J.; once his wife combed her hair and her hair fell into the river; his prince picked it up, the old woman promised to get the owner if she was given as much gold as she weighs herself; she came to J.'s wife; she did not want to keep her, but J. ordered her to keep it; the old woman persuaded J. to find out what his strength was; his wife pretended to be offended, J. admitted that his strength was in his hand (blade in his arm); when he fell asleep, his wife took out the blade, gave it to the old woman, who threw it into the river put the woman to sleep and took her to the prince; J.'s wife told him she was in mourning for 40 days; his older brother J. saw that his star had set and the middle one knew how to be underwater; they came, the middle brother took out a blade from the bottom of the river, J. regained consciousness; the brothers bribed the old woman to take J.'s wife out of town; J. returned his wife, ordered the old woman to be burned]: Amanolahi, Thackston 1986, No. 1:1-9; Persians: Ottomans 1987: 56-71 [Malek-Mohammad, Malek-Jamshid, Malek-Khorshid are the sons of the Shah; MM's mother is dead, others are alive; someone steals grenades; MM cuts off a finger stretching from the clouds; brothers reach the bloody trail to the well; only MM goes down to the bottom, kills three divas, frees three girls, marries a third; brothers pick up treasures and girls, cut off the rope; betrothed before that tells me to jump on her back a white ram, he lifts seven tiers up; MM jumps on a black sheep, falls seven tiers down; a lion lets him approach the water if he is given a girlfriend that day; MM harnesses a lion into a plow; a ploughman speaks that only the Seamorg bird can help him; MM kills a lion that was eaten by the princess; she smeared MM's shoulder with lion blood; this mark recognizes MM among the many who attributed the feat to himself; MM kills a dragon crawling to eat Simorg's chicks; chicks tell their mother that MM is not an enemy, but a deliverer; on the way, MM throws Seamorg meat, gives water; cuts off meat from his thigh, Simorg hides it under his tongue , puts it back on the ground; gives MM his feathers, if burned, he will come to the rescue; the named MM is passed off as the son of the vizier; MM pretends to be tailors to sew dresses for the brides; Simorg sews the youngest dress for him; girls recognize MM, forgive his brothers], 267-278 [dervish gives a childless padishah to eat an apple in half with his wife; a son is born but he is breathless; the same dervish tells him to make a hole in the sword that fell out of the womb with the child, and hang the sword around the boy's neck; he came to life, and if the sword was removed, he lost consciousness; the boy was named Jantig ("life by the sword"); he grew up, he was given the keys to all gardens except one; he broke the door, in that garden there was a portrait of beautiful Chelgis ("forty braids"); D. followed her; he was joined by Minutochetr and the Stargazer, who also want to marry C.; a girl with a boy; every day the dragon requires one young man to eat, otherwise it does not give water, the girl hopes to appease the dragon with food; D. cut the dragon, a dove flew out of it; the impostors tried to attribute the feat to themselves, but the girl smeared D. with her hand soaked in dragon blood and identified him; D. married the girl to the Stargazer and went on with Minutochet; elsewhere, ships carrying grain from across the sea die; this time the only son of the padishah should be on the ship; D. sailed by himself, the dragon appeared from the sea, D. cut it, the dove flew out; D. married Minutochet to the daughter of the padishah, went on; man invited him to lunch; his mother was C.'s wet nurse; the old lady would tell C.'s secret, if she was not heard, otherwise she would become petrified; D. overhears the old woman talking alone; you have to climb a tree, throw 7 dates seven divas, they will eat it and fall asleep; C. in the ear of one of the divas; you have to throw a lollipop, C. will come out to pick it up; D. grabbed C., they jump away, D. gives C. an armful of swords (as the old woman taught), they turned into a mountain of swords; then salt is a mountain of salt; the divas cut themselves, their wounds were eaten away by salt, they died, only the White Div continues to chase; a jug of water is the sea and a rock with a cave; D. advises to put the diva into the cave his head would then fly up; instead, the divas fell and drowned; C. washed his hair, two hairs fell into the well, D. did not pick it up; from the well they sailed to the padishah's garden; he smelled C., sent the old woman to pick her up; the old woman began to serve C., found out the mystery of the sword, threw her sword into the well, brought C. to the padishah; she demands to postpone the wedding for 40 days, a time of mourning; the Stargazer sees that star D. goes out, along with He goes in search for a minute; they took the sword out of the well, brought D. back, he came to life; killed the old woman, took C.; she gave Minutochet and Stargazer through her hair - if you want to eat, they create any fruit they want ; D. brought C. to his father; she warns that his father wants to kill D.: there will be a carpet-covered trap pit, poisoned tea and pilaf; D. jumped over the carpet, changed dishes, his father died himself; D. reigned].