L37c1. Grief misfortune, ATU 735A.

.16.21.22.27.-.29.31.32.34.

Everyone's happiness (Unhappiness, Need, etc.) are special characters with whom a person comes into contact.

British, Germans (West Prussia, Austria), monks, Macedonians, Bulgarians, Romanians, Hungarians, Ukrainians (Bukovina, Galicia, Eastern Slovakia, Volyn, Podolia, Kiev, Odessa region, Pokutye, Yekaterinoslavskaya), Belarusians, Russians (Arkhangelsk, Karelia, Vologda, Leningrad, Yaroslavl, Voronezh, Oryol, Tambov, Tula), Czechs, Slovaks, Ossetians, Georgians, Veps, Karelians, Estonians, Lithuanians, Latvians, (Lutsi), Chuvash, Kazan Tatars, Bashkirs, Maris, Mordovians, Udmurts, Komi, Khakas, Buryats.

Western Europe. British, Germans (West Prussia, Austria): Uther 2004 (1), No. 735A: 392-393.

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Toto [Tendu's older brother is rich, Tawaye's younger brother is poor; the elder has called people to work in the rice field, fed everyone, but his brother and wife are not; he has come to pick rice; voice: who is who does rice spoil? it turned out that this was the luck of her older brother; said that the youngest's luck was three days away; on the way, the fish asked me to know why she could neither swim on the surface nor sink into the river; orange tree: why demons eat its fruits, but people cannot; king: why has he been unable to complete his house for many years; the old man replies that yes, he is good luck to Tawaya; Brother Tawaye burned down his house after he left; it is necessary moisten the ash with water, a new house will appear better than the previous one; there is a diamond necklace in the fish's belly; cut the fish's belly and take out the necklace, the fish will be able to swim; gold must be dug from under the orange tree, then people will be able to eat its fruits; let the king give off his daughter for you, then his house will be completed; Tavaye returned home with his wife, necklace and gold; revived his home; lived happily with his wife]: Majumdar 1991, No. 15:246-251.

Burma - Indochina. Mona [the younger brother is married to a rich woman, the elder to the poor; wives quarrel, the brothers share the household, the youngest is richer, the older one is poorer; the elder sees the youngest's assistant plowing for him; finds his nata assistant, who advises him to trade; sees an old woman who is his pest; invites her to climb into the chest, he will take her with him to the bazaar; locks and buries the chest; the youngest The old woman digs up envy of the rich elder; she tells the youngest that she will be with him now, he is broke]: Kasevich, Osipov 1976, No. 151:363-367.

The Balkans. Bulgarians: Daskalova-Perkovska et al. 1994, No. 735 [], 735A [poor (usually drunk) hears someone humming or talking to him quietly; this is his Need; he manages to outsmart it ( pretends to die), buries his Need in the ground or leaves him in a coffin and boils up the lid; out of envy of an unexpectedly rich poor man, his rich brother frees Need and tells her to return to to the owner; but she is afraid of her former master and remains with the one who freed her; the rich man is broke]: 252-253; Romanians [the rich brother calls the poor to reap wheat; goes to bed, and the poor sees how for him Some beggars work; this is the Happiness of a rich man; when he finds out that his own is sitting in a tire, the poor man comes there, beats his Happiness and ties it; but it broke the rope and returned to the tire]: Bîrlea 1966: 457; Romanians [the poor brother is going to go around the world, but finds his Poverty in the house; invites her to turn into a poppy egg, puts it in a bottle and buries it under a pear; after that he became rich; the wife of a rich brother is envious, she makes the children of the rich man tell where he buried Poverty; digs up, but Poverty is now following her; the rich man is broke]: Bîrlea 1966:418; Bulgarians, Macedonians, Hungarians: Uther 2004 (1), No. 735A: 392-393

Central Europe. Ukrainians: Petnikov 1956 [the rich brother drove the poor away without feeding them; the kite tells him to go to live in another settlement; angry people with him in the baklag, the man plugged them, buried them with water on shore; found an empty hut, there was a kid with horns, the man dragged him, money fell down; the brother came to visit, the man told him about the buried baklaga, he dug it up, the evil guys stayed with him, the house burned down, he began to live in a poor dugout]: 90-91; Sumtsov 1913 (Galicia, many versions) [nedola clung to a poor migrant who returned to take a forgotten box; on the road he found a bone, began to suck it out, Nedolya for in his bone; he closed the crack in the bone with a piece of wood, threw a bone into the boclag, hammered a hole, threw the boclag into the river; he became rich thanks to the help of a gentleman whom he saved from death; a rich brother discovered a secret, released a shortage, it bothered him; his property burned down, he fell into poverty]: 61; Russians (Arkhangelsk, Karelia, Leningrad, Yaroslavl, Voronezh, Orlovskaya, Tambov, Tula), Ukrainians (Bukovina, Galicia, Eastern Slovakia, Podolia, Kiev, Odessa, Pokutye, Yekaterinoslavskaya), Belarusians [Grief (Nuzhda): the poor man locks him up and gets rich; rich brother from Grief releases envy, but it is now attached to it]: SUS 1979, No. 735A: 182-183; Russians (Arkhangelskaya, Pinega, der. An island near Sura, western 1927) [The poor brother came to the rich man for a feast, who treated him to water from a tub. On the way back, the poor man sings and hears being sung along to him, finds out that this is his Need. She says she's going to die, and Nezhda says she'll die with him too. The poor man makes a coffin, asks if Nezhda is in the coffin, and she replies that in the coffin, he is hammering up the coffin. He's getting richer. His brother asks how he did it, digs up the coffin with Nezhda, but she does not return to the poor, stays with the rich. He became impoverished]: Karnaukhova 1934, No. 67:143-144; Leontyev 1939, No. 67 (Pechora) [same]: 126-127; Leontyev 1939, No. 67 (Pechora) [same]: 126-127; Russians (Voronezh) [the man returns home tipsy, The darling sings and hears someone singing along with him, finds out that this is his need (invisible). At home, she asks if she can get into the bottle and sing from there, the need will be fulfilled, and the man closes the bottle and buries it in the ground. He gets rich and tells his brother how he did it, shows the place where the need is buried. The brother is jealous, digs up the bottle, but the need clings to him, thinks that this is its former owner. He goes broke, loses his wife, talks about his misfortune to his brother. He is ready to help, and reproaches his brother that he was ashamed and did not ask for help sooner. The brothers go swimming, cook sak (fishing bag), when the brother enters the water, the other sees the need floating behind him and catches it with a bag, takes it to the ram, where the need dries up, the brothers get rich again ]: Baryshnikova 2007, No. 46:187-189; Belarusians: Afanasiev 1994 [many options]: 392-408; Sumtsov 1913 (Mogilev, Gomel district) [retelling of the text from Novels 1878, No. 67:317-318; the poor man walks drunk from the shank, pulling vodka out of the bottle; the evil guys began to pull him, got into the bottle, the poor man plugged it, buried it, got rich; the brother released angrier, they stuck to him]: 61; Ukrainians (Kiev, Kanev) [the poor brother has 12 evil people under the stove, so he is poor; the rich asks the poor to pray for a child to be born; the poor prayed, the child was born, but the rich did not invite the poor to his cronies; the poor brought his evil ones to the forest, asked for help to separate half of the oak tree, knocked out a wedge, his hands were pinched more angry; in a whirlwind a horse was killed and the cart that the poor had borrowed from a rich man was broken; the rich came to the forest for them, freed the wicked, they ruined it], 60 [evil people can fit everywhere; the man hid them in a horn with tobacco, put them under the shaft in the mill; an envious rich man released them and fell into poverty]: Sumtsov 1913:59-60; northern Ukrainians (Volyn, Slavuta, Zaslavsky y.) [the man was living in poverty because he was twelve angry under the stove; he played the violin during dinner; saw that the evil guys climbed and danced with the children; then ran away again; man asked if they were cramped under the stove; one replied that it was cramped; the man brought the barrel, the wicked people moved into it; the owner closed the barrel, took it to the field, returned home; the man's elder brother asked why they began to live richly; the man told everything; the brother wanted to see the evil one; went to that barrel, opened it slightly; one evil man grabbed the man; they could not take him off; the man returned home; told his wife and children to get ready; went into the forest; it became frosty; the man ordered to make a fire, told everyone to break the pine tree; began to break it; the evil man put his hands in the gap almost to the elbows and began to help; his it crushed there; so the man and his family freed themselves from the last evil; returned home]: Chubinsky 1978, No. 111:396-398 (retelling in Sumtsov 1913:60); Poles: Dombrovsky 1992 [with one brother his wife fell ill, he became impoverished; another took away the rest of his property, moved him to a shack; the rich married, the poor received only a eaten bone from him at the festival; the poor decided to drown himself; someone asks him sharing food is his Need; she takes bone, gets inside, sucking his brain; a man filled a hole with an aspen wedge, threw a bone into the river; quickly became rich, everything began to go well; said story to his brother; found a bone to restore his need, but Need remained with him; the rich brother went broke]: 219-230; Wratislaw 1890, No. 19 [the master wants to take the poor man's daughter by force and tyrannizes him; poor man with the family decides to leave; a poor girl appears from behind the stove - this is Poverty; the poor man agrees to take her with him, but let her help carry the log; split the log, Poverty put his hands in the crack, the benyak knocked out a wedge; The new place of business went uphill; the gentleman saw the girl and released him; she stayed with him and he went broke]: 125-127; Czechs, Slovaks: Uther 2004 (1), No. 735A: 392-393.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Ossetians [two brothers, a rich man and a poor man; the poor man caught his Misfortune and buried him; the rich man, out of envy, freed his brother's misfortune, but Misfortune refused to leave him]: Byazyrov 1960, No. 128:94; Georgians [poor brother served at the wedding of a rich son; returns hungry; Nezhda comes up to him, says he will not lag behind him even after death; the poor man ordered a coffin, Need climbed into it, fearing that the man would be ahead of her, the poor brother stabbed the coffin; became rich; told the rich man what had happened; the rich opened the coffin to put Need back on the poor, but she grabbed himself]: Kurdovanidze 1988 (2), No. 101:166-167.

Baltoscandia. Veps [the poor brother asked the rich man for matches, he did not give it; in the morning the poor man: Misfortune, give some tobacco; tobacco fell down, the poor man closed the Misfortune in a jar, drowned it in the lake; spent the night in the forest, he found a cauldron of gold, began to live well; when he found out what was going on, the rich man caught a jar and told him to go back to the poor man; but it stayed with him; the barn burned down, the rich former man became poorer than his brother]: Kippar 2002:87-88; Karelians (Kalevala District, 1948) [the poor brother decided to take the children and go around the world; his Grief followed him; the poor man asked him to carry a millstone and pushed him off the bridge into the river; became rich; After finding out what was going on, the rich brother took Grief from the bottom and told him to return to the poor man, but he remained with the rich; he became impoverished]: Concca 1959, No. 40:174-175; Lithuanians: Kerbelite 2014, No. 68 [to the poor brother the godson advised to move the hut to a new location; when Misfortune comes out of the stove, shove it into the hub and close it with a cork; the man hid the hub under the bridge; became rich; after learning about the reason, rich brother found the hub and released Misfortune; it stuck to him, his cattle fell, and soon he died himself], 69 [Misfortune is an old woman behind the stove, the poor man hid her bag under a stump]: 151-153, 153-155; Latvians [Poor brother gets drunk at a rich man and, when he returns home, hears someone singing along with him. This is the grief of a poor man (in the form of a long man, a cat, a sparrow). The poor man catches grief, hides it under a rock. When he gets rich, he tells his brother about it. The rich wants to release the poor man's grief, but grief sticks to the rich man and he becomes poor]: Aris, Medne 1977, No. 735A: 315; (cf. Lutsi (Western 1936; the informant is Russian Orthodox, but an Estonian and a Polish woman told the same stories) [the poor brother decided for once to go mow before the rich man, but at any time of the day he is already mows; it's not him - he is happiness, but the happiness of the poor by the lake plays cards; gave the poor two rubles: if you hit each other with them, it will be four; the poor is rich, the rich borrowed and replaced; the same - magic tablecloth; a bag of wisdom% poor to a rich man: you will become a minister; he asks for wisdom; they jump out of the bag and beat him; his brother returned the hitters after the rich gave him two rubles and a tablecloth]: Annom et al. 2018:236-238); Estonians [the poor brother works hard, but is of little use; at night he sees a sower on the rich man's field; he replies that he is his brother's happiness, and the poor man's happiness sleeps near a rock; The poor has awakened his happiness, and he replies that he is not going to work in the field; it is better for the poor to trade; he is busy and rich]: Löwis of Menar 1927, No. 56:187-188.

Volga - Perm. Chuvashi [his wife sends Vasily to her parents, maybe they will give malt for beer; V. stumbled, woke malt into the pond by the mill; decided that it was beer, started drinking, singing; someone sings along; the stranger says that he is Nuzhda, lives in V.; V. and his wife put Need in a chest, locked him, buried him in the forest; after that V. became rich; told everything to his father-in-law; he dug up the Need out of envy, ordered him to go back to V.; Nuzhda refused, began to live with his father-in-law, he went bankrupt]: Chuvash tales 1937:131-134 (=Sidorova 1979:173-175); Kazan Tatars [poor brother earned a loaf of bread from a rich man, invited to visit; on a visit he sang, someone sings along; this is his Grief; with him the poor man returns home, Gore offers to drink, they drank everything; Grief offers to borrow horses and arba from his rich brother, came to a stone, gold under it, was loaded onto an arba; poor man: what was left at the bottom of the hole? Grief descends into the hole, the poor man piled a stone on top; he became rich; after learning about this, the rich brother liberated Gora, it stayed with him]: Yarmukhametov 1970:282-283 (=Zamaletdinov 2009, No. 90:353-356); Bashkirs [poor brother with his wife and children went to look for happiness; began to see if there was any tar left in the tub; Need: What are you looking for? - I dropped five cents. The need came to check it, he closed it; since then he was lucky, caught fish, sold, got rich, invited the rich man to visit; he opened the bucket out of envy, the need remained with him]: Barag 1992, No. 45:95-96; Marie [Poverty: A poor man buries his poverty in the grave; a rich brother breaks poverty out of envy, but it is now attached to him]: Sabitov 1989, No. 735A: 43; Mordovians (Erzya) [rich The brother built a new house, invited the poor man, but he only stood at the door; went back; the wife told me to sing as if they had been treated; someone sings along; it was a need; he took the poor man to the pub, he drank everything; stole the bulls, led to the stone: under it a hole of silver, we will take it away, we will continue to drink; the poor man says to need that not everything has been raked out; the need has climbed into the hole again, the poor man crushed it with a stone; sent his wife to his rich brother for measure measure money; having found out what was going on, the rich freed himself; she ruined him]: Evseviev 1964, No. 49:33-345; the Udmurts [after the division, one brother became rich, the other became impoverished; the rich had help; poor man so tired that I fell asleep right in the field; when I wake up, I see a man picking up grains and spikelets and carrying them to sheaves; "I'm your brother's shud, helping him get rich"; "And your shud is in the forest under the linden tree"; the poor came to the linden tree; a man in pleated pants and a Alexander shirt approached him; the poor man reproaches him, he advises him not to plow, but to trade; "Borrow money and at least go sell bast"; poor man got rich; the rich also began to trade and went bankrupt because his talan was plowing and stopped following it]: Potanin 1884, No. 4:231-232; Komi [greedy Vasily is getting rich, his brother Ivan is getting rich, his brother Ivan is all poorer; I. came to V. for the holiday, he did not let him in, ordered him to come tomorrow, and if he was thirsty, then here is a tub of water; I. drank and got drunk; suddenly someone thin appeared, said that he was his Need; I. brought I needed to go to the house, and in the morning I went with her to dig a hole for the cellar; The need went down into the hole, I. buried her; after that, the chicken began to lay golden eggs, I. sold them, healed well; had a feast, told V. about what happened; V. went, dug up the Need, she stayed with him; the bear picked up the cow, the thieves cleaned the barn, V. went bankrupt; and Ivan Nuzhda became afraid]: Plesovsky 1975:115-119.

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Khakasy [the poor brother worked in the field of a rich man, saw an old man packing something in a bag, grabbed him; he says that he is the happiness of a rich brother, and Trouble lives with the poor; advises to migrate, leaving Trouble in the old place; returned for an ax, Trouble howls in the yurt, asking him to take it with him; the poor man invited Beda to get into the matchbox, closed it, drowned it in the lake; got rich; the rich brother hired workers get Trouble; but she did not return to the former poor man, but stayed with the rich; he went broke]: Balter 1986:107-109; the Buryats [the poor man sees two boys working in the field of a rich man; they they say that they are his Happiness, and the poor man has Grief in his house; you have to lure Grief into a barrel, bury it, go to the city, dig a well in the dignitary's courtyard, find a gem; that's what happened, Khan made the poor man a dignitary; he told the rich man everything; he discovered the poor man's grief, it went after him, the rich man went bankrupt]: Dugarov 1990:223-224.

Continued in 172.doc