M106F. A guest from the dead, ATU 1540.
.11.13.-.17.23.27.-.32.38.
A stranger tells a woman he came from the dead. A woman gives him money and things with a request to give it to his late son, husband, etc. Usually, a woman's (new) husband (or son), upon learning of the fraud, follows and, as a result, the deceiver steals his horse.
Swahili, Amhara, Arabs of Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Kabilas, Basques, Catalans, Portuguese, Maltese, Italians (Lazio, Rome, Campania), Corsicans, Sardinians, Ladins, British , Irish, Bretons, French, Walloons, Flemish, Frisians, Dutch, Germans (Grimms, Pomerania, Swabia, Switzerland, Austria), Bahrain, Yemen, Iraq, Palestinians, Aramaians, Northern India (Hindi), Kannada, Tamils, Sinhales, Slovenes, Croats, Bosnians, Hungarians, Romanians, Bulgarians, Greeks, Gagauz people, Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Russians (Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Karelia, Novgorod, Vologda, Kaluga, Gorkovskaya, Ryazan, Voronezh, Oryol, Kursk), Ukrainians (Eastern Slovakia, Ugric Russia, Transcarpathia, Galicia, Podolia, Poltava, Kherson, Chernigov), Belarusians, Crimean Tatars, Circassians, Adygs, Abaza, Ingush, Avars, Dargins, Georgians, Azerbaijanis, Turks, Persians, Ishkashim, Swedes, Norwegians, Icelanders, Danes, Latvians, Lithuanians, Finns, Livons, Estonians, Western Sami, Karelians, Veps, Mordovians, Mari, Komi, Chuvash, Bashkirs, Tatars, Japanese. {Uther 2004 refers to Ting 1978, which is O'Connor 1907, but the Tibetan text that is meant does not contain this motive}
Bantu-speaking Africa. Swahili: Zhukov, Kotlyar 1976, No. 213 [the girl had a dream that she married and gave birth to a girl; when she woke up and did not find her, she began to cry; her mother was with her; the neighbor advises to have a wake, they slaughtered a cow; the husband left, promising to return if he found another idiot; after learning about the inhabitants of the city, he buried himself in a pile of lime in front of the Sultan's daughter's window; in the morning he got out, pretending to come from the dead ; gives the Sultan's daughter a letter, allegedly from her late uncle, asking him to repay the debt to the applicant; she gave money and things; the deceiver tells the old peasant that the Sultan orders the old peasants to be brought to the victim; he exchanged lunch with the deceiver, climbed onto a palm tree; the husband of the deceived princess rode in pursuit, asked the imaginary peasant; while climbing the tree, he took his clothes and rode to him horse; the princess's husband tells his wife that he decided to give it for his uncle and horse; the deceiver returned to his wife and lived well with her]: 505-512; Arewa 1961, No. 3351 [Amari's wife sacrificed his ox because she was told that in which case she would have a handsome boy; A. went to look for someone more stupid than his wife; went to the couple, who gave him money, food and clothes to give them to his deceased relatives; returning and told his wife, that I found it more stupid than her]: 166.
Sudan - East Africa. Amhara [the fraudster asked the man where he lived; came to his wife; said that he visited her deceased parents and her husband told them to send them clothes; the woman gave the clothes; when she returned, the husband galloped to look for a fraudster; he hid a bag of clothes, pretended to be a passerby; said that the fraudster went down into the ravine, called himself the Way, It Will Be Worse; when the man went down to the ravine, the fraudster took it a bag of clothes, sat on his horse and rode away; the man in the ravine called in vain: Let it Be Worse!] : Gankin 1979, No. 163:209-210.
North Africa. Arabs of Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco (and/or Berbers), Kabilas: El-Shamy 2004, No. 1540:850-852.
Southern Europe. Basques: Barbier 1931, No. 14 [three poor students are returning from Paris, coming to see an elderly woman; she heard that they are "from heaven" (Paris/Paradis); asks if they have seen her the late first husband, gives him money and a pair of shoes; the woman's new husband jumps to catch up with the deceivers; one of them changes clothes with another person; he replies that the students have passed recently, but it is easier to catch up with them on foot; the woman's husband tells her that he also sent a horse with the students]: 109-113; Vinson 1883, No. 9 [the widow is remarried; while her husband is at work, a wanderer comes in; replies that he is from that Sveta; the woman asks if he saw her first husband Pierre; agrees to bring him food and money; the husband returned and rode after the deceiver, did not recognize him; he said that the deceiver went to the forest; the husband left him to guard his horse, ran into the forest; the deceiver rode off on horseback; the husband told his wife that he had given the horse so that the sent man could get to heaven faster]: 112-114; (cf. Spaniards (Murcia) [the deceiver convinces another that he is a son or husband who has returned from the dead for food; in some versions, the mother asks her son to show his face, and the deceiver shows her his ass in the chimney; mother is horrified how death changes face]: Hernández Fernández 2013, No. 1540:232); Catalans [motive known]: Oriol, Pujol 2008, No. 1541:253; Portuguese [woman sends with An opportunity for money or clothes for the next world (to heaven) to his late husband]: Cardigos 2006, No. 1540:321; Portuguese [a peasant married his daughter; at a wedding he asks his wife to go down to the cellar for wine; her Not for a long time; he comes down after him and sees his wife standing and looking at the axe hanging from the ceiling: our daughter will have children, they will start playing and the ax will fall on their head; both spouses are crying; went down the bride is also crying; the guests came to see, and the groom went to look for a country where the same idiots live; in one place people run, climb trees and walls: a terrible beast wanders, no one can do it kill; it turned out to be a turkey; the guy killed him, getting a lot of money for his feat; elsewhere, children and women put sieves in the rays of the sun: they catch sunlight and carry it to their homes; guy I made window holes in their houses, got the money again; in another place, a woman decorates a pig: her husband is dead and now I'm looking for someone to give him this pig and a purse with money on his birthday as a gift; after taking the money, the guy went back; in one place there are a lot of floundering people: they don't know where their legs are; the guy showed them and received the money again; returned to the bride and told them to remove the ax from the ceiling; everything is fine]: Coelho 1879, No. 41:94-96; Maltese [mother sends money and clothes to hell to her deceased son (husband); her husband jumps to look for a deceiver; unrecognized, he guides him supposedly on the trail, and takes his horse away himself]: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. 1540:608-610; Corsicans [husband sent his wife to sell a cow; frogs croak, the woman thinks they say "three", "three", "three", decides to sell the cow for three francs, the butcher gladly agrees; at home, the husband decides to take revenge on the butcher; in his absence he comes to his wife, says he is from purgatory; she gives him 600 francs to hand them over recently to the deceased son; when he finds out what is going on, the butcher jumps after him; the man, hiding the bag, puts his hat on the ground; asks the butcher to watch it, he will catch the deceiver himself; rode off on the butcher's horse; when he put his hand in under his hat, smeared in crap]: Massignon 1984, No. 40:92-93; Italians (Rome) [seeing fools, a man goes looking for even more; comes to a widow; she believes that he knows her in the next world the late husband; the deceiver says they live well there, but there is not enough food; the woman leaves the deceiver for the night, gives a donkey loaded with provisions in the morning; the deceiver is ready to send the donkey back, but is afraid that he won't find his way; the woman says it doesn't matter; finally, the widow remembers the money and gives money]: Clouston 1988:204-207; Italians (Lazio, Campania): Cirese, Serafini 1975, No. 1540:335; ladins [a guy comes under the window of the house and looks at the sky; hostess: Where are you looking? guy: where he came from; the hostess thought the guy was from heaven; he replies that he saw her Gionet there, he asks for meat and chicken; the woman asks if to send money; guy: he did not say directly but I know what he is missing; the guy hid the basket and went to the man who was metal haystacks; when the woman's husband came home and found out about the guest from the sky, he galloped to look for him; asked the person standing next to a haystack of a guy, did he not see a man with a basket; the guy replied that he had recently passed; let only the one who came dismount and help with the haystack, he should hold it for half an hour; he jumped on his horse, galloped off, carrying it away a hidden basket; the man thought he was even more stupid than his wife]: Decurtins, Brunold-Bigler 2002, No. 131:345-347; Sardinians: Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278.
Western Europe. The British [when leaving for the market, the farmer told his wife to save 10 pounds in gold; a soldier comes in and says he is from paradise; replies that yes, he saw the late old man there - he repairs his shoes, eats only cabbage; the farmer gives him 10 pounds; his husband comes back, finds out what happened, galloped after the soldier; he lay down on the ground, looked at the sky, said that you can see a man flying; the farmer gets off his horse, lies down, trying to see something; the soldier jumped on his horse, rode away; returning to his wife, the husband said that she did one stupid thing, and he did two things]: Jacobs 1990, No. 8:40-43 (= Shereshevskaya 1957:15-18, =1987:353-355); Germans (Swabia) [the tramp in the tavern answered the hostess that he had come from heaven; she asks if he saw her late husband there; the tramp replies that they are friends and that he is poor; the hostess asked give her husband clothes and money; when the eldest son returned home, he jumped on his horse and chased the crook; he did not run away, but said that he had sent another man to town for a cage because he had caught an unusual and expensive bird; the hostess's son agreed to guard the hat under which the bird was and let the other horse return it to the city as soon as possible; by evening, the young man's patience had run out and he put his hand under his hat; But instead of a bird, it was completely different; at home he told his mother that he had given that man a horse - let him deliver everything he needed to his father as soon as possible]: Meier 1852a, No. 20:69-72; Germans (Switzerland, Canton of Valais) [every winter, the husband stabbed two pigs, leaving some of the meat for Brachet (June); the beggar found out, came and said he was a lange Brachet; the wife gave the supplies; when the husband returned, she said that lange Brachet finally came; the husband left, promising to return only if he found the same fools; a widow at the house, the husband recently died; the man replies that he is coming from heaven; he saw her husband, he complains about lack of clothes; the widow fed and drank the traveler and gave clothes for her husband; when he returned, the man tells his wife that you can always find something even more stupid]: Jegerlehner 1913, No. 152:137-138; Bretons: Sé billot 1910, No. 27 (published in 1879) [at the widow's door, a beggar answers the widow that he is coming from Paris; she hears that he is from paradise (Paradis); she asks how her late husband is doing; beggar: cold, he was placed at the very entrance; widow asks to give her husband clothes; when the current husband returned and found out what was going on, he followed the deceiver; he offered the mason to work for him, supposedly to keep warm; the husband asks if he did not see whether such a man's mason; when he found out where he had run, left a horse to the mason and rushed after him; the swindler rode away; at home, the wife said that her husband was even more stupid than she was; the swindler sold the horse and the clothes he gave a woman came to the castle; called himself a fortuneteller; the owner offers to find the missing ring; the imaginary fortuneteller demands that he be fed for three days for this; every evening he says out loud: here is one; here is the second; he I mean the days, and the three servants who stole the ring thought it was about them; the servants returned the ring, asked not to give them away; the man fed the ring to the turkey; said that the ring was pecked by a turkey; the owner asked the guest to stay to show their abilities to the guests; brought the box - what's in it? Man: poor Lerath, so you're caught; and there was a rat (le rat) in the box; the guests applauded], 28 [about like the first part (27)]: 112-116b 117-119; the Dutch [woman went to the bazaar; saw the guy who looked at the sky; he replied that he had just fallen from the sky and was now thinking how to return; the woman asked if the guy had seen her dead son; the guy: he is fine, but only he is starving; the woman gave the guy two bags of food - for his son and for himself, so as not to starve on his way to heaven; and another purse with money so that his son could buy food; but the guy no longer found that hole through who fell to the ground]: Soer 1979:113-114; the Irish [Darby came to marry Joanna; they set the table and J. went down to the cellar for a beer; she has been gone for a long time; her father went to pick her up - does not return either; the groom came down and saw that everyone was crying; the stone did not hold well in the ceiling; when the boy was born, grew up, went down to the basement, the stone would fall and kill him; Darby repaired the vault; after the wedding, Darby ordered to cook the pudding by half past one is an urgent matter; 10 minutes before the deadline, J. went down for a beer; heard a scream: the dog took the pudding; J. ran after her, forgetting to close the tap at the barrel; the dog did not caught up, and the beer spilled out; then she soaked lunch in beer; after J. gave the swindler three cows, her husband went to look for the same idiot; one woman wears sunlight into a windowless house with a sieve; man cut through a window; elsewhere, a man is sitting covered with a bag, and the wife is going to punch a hole in the fabric with a hammer to make her head enter: this will be the collar of the shirt; the man cut through the collar with scissors; others women try to take the cow to the roof of the house to eat the grass that grew there; the man mowed the grass for them; then comes to the widow; replies that he is coming from the Garden (the name of his farm); she realizes that Raya and asks if he saw her husband there; offers to bring him clothes, money, etc.; Darby decided that this woman was more stupid than his wife, went back to J. and is happy with her]: Kennedy 1875, No. 1:9-14; French, Walloons, Flemish, Friesians, Germans (Pomerania, Grimms, Austria): Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278.
Western Asia. Palestinians [a dervish came to the house with a necklace of jug noses; a woman asked what he was selling; names; bought a name for 300 piastres; a dervish gave her a nose and said that her name was now Rice Pudding; when my husband came and found out what had happened, he left, promising to return if he found another idiot like him; passing by a woman digging manure, he told her that he was coming from hell; -Didn't you see mine there parents? - I saw it, of course. - How are they? - Too bad. - Will you give them gifts? - It depends on what; having received oil, the woman's husband's clothes and money, the man left; the husband returned, found out what had happened, rode after the deceiver; noticing the rider, the man hid what the woman had given him under the wall; indicated in which direction the deceiver had disappeared and advised to leave the horse and drive: the horse should move as many as 4 legs, and the pedestrian should move only two legs, so faster; returning without a horse, the husband called out to his wife : Rice Pudding, I'm here]: Bushnaq 1987:374-376; Bahrain, Yemen, Iraq: El-Shamy 2004, No. 1540:850-852; Aramaeans: Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278.
South Asia. North India, Lucknow, Hindi [Shaink Chilli fell ill and promised to feed the beggar if he recovered; when he recovered, he invited a beggar to his place and told his wife to cook lentils for him; the beggar came when her husband was away; the wife asked if he visited God and if he had seen her deceased parents; he replied that her parents were poor and gnaw bones, and her husband's parents were honored; the woman gave him give her money to her parents; when the husband heard what had happened, he jumped on his horse and chased the poor; he climbed the tree, the husband followed him, the beggar jumped and rode off on his horse; the husband told his wife that Since his parents have a high status in the next world, it is more decent for them to ride a horse, so he sent a horse with a poor man]: Crooke 1895, No. 618:209; kannada [only daughter died in the brahmana family; her body was burned; after a while a poor man stopped at the house, unable to sell his firewood; replied that he was coming from the place of burning; the brahmana's wife understood that he was coming from the dead and became ask about her daughter; gave the man all the jewelry to take it to her; when the brahmana returned and found out what had happened, he followed the thief; he pretended to drive sparrows off the tree; replied that he saw the thief - he ran through the sugar cane field; he could not go there by horse, the brahmana gave the horse to guard; the thief rode off; at home, the brahmana told his wife that he had sent his daughter and horse]: Ramanujan 1997, No. 35:96-98; Tamils [the crook came to the miser's wife, said he was sending greetings from her husband's deceased parents; they are starving, they have nothing to cover their bodies with; the woman gives him food, clothes and valuables; her husband jumps to catch a deceiver; when he sees him, he climbs a banyan tree; the husband climbs after him, the deceiver jumps off, sits on his horse, saves himself; the husband tells his wife that he sent a horse to his parents]: Natesa Sastri 1884-1888, No. 12:131-135 (=Kingscote 1890:135-159); Sinhalese [after working on the site, the man went for millet; noticing that a woman was baking cakes for her lover but not her husband, he came three times instead of a lover, eats and picks up cakes; meets a woman who asks for a try; liked the cake; the person says they have all these cakes; let the woman take it with her jewelry and outfits, will go with him; asks if she has forgotten something; she replies that she has forgotten the comb; he sends her behind the comb, says his name is the day before yesterday; taking her property, he leaves; a woman complains to her husband; he beats her for not telling about the theft the day before yesterday; a man comes to a woman whose daughter died; says that she has just come from the dead - his fiancée and tomorrow wedding; a happy mother gives him her daughter's jewelry; when he finds out what was going on, the husband rides after him; the man climbed a tree; the husband climbed after him, tied a horse to the trunk; the man went down, jumped on a horse and rode away; the husband went back to his wife and said he sent a horse as a gift to his son-in-law]: Parker I910, No. 6:72-78.
The Balkans. Gagauz [the poor man went to work, went to a rich house where the owner, Haji, died; answers the hostess that he was coming from hell; he saw the hostess's late husband, he made scales out of pumpkin peel there and sells ; the woman sent gold with the poor man to her late husband; her son found out what was going on, rode after the deceiver; he noticed him, told the bald miller that the bald people were told to rip off the skin from their heads to drums; sends the woman's son to the mill, agrees to hold the horse, sits on it, jumps away; the son tells his mother that he caught up with that man and gave him the horse so that he could get to hell as soon as possible]: Moshkov 1904: No. 156:230-231; Bulgarians [Sly Peter or Nastradin Khoja enters the house; tells the hostess that he came from the dead, where he saw her late son (husband, brother); she gives her son money (food, clothes); the woman's husband rides after the deceiver on horseback; when he sees a chase, he changes clothes with a shepherd or miller, guides the pursuer, volunteering to hold his horse, takes the horse away; the husband says to his wife that he gave the horse himself]: Daskalova-Perkovska et al. 1994, No. 1540:498; Bosnians (Herzegovina) [the Turk went to drink his horse, his wife stayed on the field; asks Ero, who came from; he replies that of the world; that he saw her Moya there; he was fine, but there was no money; a Turkish woman gave him a purse with money; when he found out what had happened, her husband jumped on his horse and chased the deceiver; Ero tells the miller that he is a Turk wants to kill him; exchanged hats with him and told him to run uphill; the Turk asks the imaginary miller to hold the horse, rushes after him; Ero rode away; the Turk tells his wife that he has also sent a horse to the next world to Muya did not walk]: Golenishchev-Kutuzov 1991:372-374 (=Eschker 1992, No. 97:292-295); Romanians [Ion's wife took her little son with her and went to sell grain in town; the merchant deceived her, saying that It is necessary to sell on loan, took the grain and did not pay; Ion went to the city himself, the son pointed to the merchant; Ion overheard the merchant's wife asking for the best wine for her deceased brother; when the merchant is away, Jonah comes to his wife and says that he came from the dead; his brother knows her, he needs a thousand chervonets - he is building a house, there will be a place to receive his sister; in addition to money, the merchant gave a bag of grain and a barrel of wine; after beating his wife, the merchant rode after John; Jonah pretended to be a lumberjack, said that the thief had climbed the mountain; the merchant let Jonah guard the horse, followed him; Ion, taking his son, barrel and bag, galloped away; at home, Jonah gave the gold to the official, who was not took him to war]: Mirener 1958:50-61; Romanians []: Bîrlea 1966:495-496; Greeks []: Megas 1970, No. 63:181-183; Slovenes, Croats, Hungarians: Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278.
Central Europe. Poles [a student stays with a woman, says he is coming from the dead where he saw her late husband (son); she gives him money, etc., to give him to the deceased; the woman's new husband (son) rides catch a deceiver; upon seeing him, an unrecognized student sends the pursuer to the forest or to a tree, through which the deceiver allegedly climbed to heaven and takes the horse himself]: Krzyżanowski 1963, No. 1540:85-86; Czechs, Slovaks: Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278; Russians (Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Karelia, Novgorod, Vologda, Kaluga, Gorkovskaya, Voronezh, Orlovskaya, Ryazan), Ukrainians (Eastern Slovakia, Ugric Russia, Transcarpathia, Galicia, Podolia, Poltava, Kherson, Chernihiv), Belarusians [From the dead: a woman after learning from a passerby that he is with from the dead and saw her dead son (husband) there, gives him money and a dress to give to the deceased; the eldest son is chasing a deceiver, losing a horse]: SUS 1979, No. 1549:318-319; Western Ukrainians ( Hutsulshchyna) []: Zinchuk 2006a, No. 127:385-388; Ukrainians (Poltava, Romensky District) [A Jewish woman hears a passerby being called a countryman, decides that he has come out of the ground and asks about her late father, a passerby says that he is carrying bars, she gives him a hundred rubles for his father's horse. The Jewish woman's husband realizes that a passerby has been deceived, wants to catch up with him, props up willow on the road, an unrecognized passerby promises to stand in his place, and her husband agrees, goes to look for a deceiver]: Gnedich 1916, No. 1500 : 27-27; Russians (Teresky Bereg) [the old woman lives with her youngest son, the eldest is dead; a soldier has come, she asks if he has seen her son; the soldier agrees to give him 40 m of cloth, otherwise he has There is no uniform; the youngest son went to look for more fools than his mother, otherwise he will not return; kisses pigs: they marry my sister, call the pig a tearful, and others boyars; the hostess sends pigs with guy; husband chases, gives the guy horses to catch up with the one with the pigs; the guy returns to his mother]: Balashov 1970, No. 148:399-400; Russians (Arkhangelskaya, Pinezhsky district, village. Tsimola) [Doronia goes around the world to look for who is smarter than his elderly parents (looking at him, they imagine how he will die playing with splints and logs, grieving in advance that they will not have grandchildren). He meets men who pull a cow to the bathhouse, where grass has grown on the roof. D. mows the grass and brings it to the cow, the men reward him for his intelligence. D. sees three people driving a horse into a yoke, putting the yoke on the horse. He sees a man trying to jump and get into his hanging pants, hands him pants and realizes that his parents are smarter. He returns home and soon dies. A passerby tells the old woman that he saw Doronia from the dead - he was thin and ragged. The mother gives D. a fur coat, boots, a horse, flour and cereals. The old man scolds the old woman for her credulity]: Ozarovskaya 2009, No. 39:327-329; Russians (Zaonezhye) [A man lived with a woman. When the man left, the soldier came to the hut, Baba was sad that her son was a soldier and died. The soldier called himself a Nikon, a native of the dead, said that he knew her son, who herded the lambs, owed God forty rubles, and the woman gave the soldier three rubles to hand it over. She asked her how to make her husband stop calling her "nichrist. The soldier took her to the swamp, dipped her three times and gave her a new name to Malania, taking a pulp of bread, a tub of milk and a lamb fur coat for it. He's gone. When the man returned, the woman told him everything, the man called her a fool, rode after the man, caught up and demanded to return her things. The soldier offered to take him on a cart (back to the man). Seeing a bird and a crane on the way, he "fell on the face" both times, then asked the man to kick his bast and tie him up as a prisoner. When the man got crying and went to tear his bast, the soldier left and rode on his horse. The man came home and said that he gave the horse to a soldier to pay off their son's debt]: Karnaukhova 2008, No. 36:108-109; Russians (no place of recording) [the soldier stopped at the old woman; says that in the next world he lived in the same upper room as her deceased son; the son herds cranes there, and they wander through rose hips, he hung around; an old woman sends money and canvas with the soldier; her other son goes to look for people more stupid than his mother; asks the lady to be a matchmaker, she dresses her in a fur coat, puts her in a wagon and sends her; the master is back: not a fool, but you are a fool; he goes in pursuit; the thief says that man has already passed long ago; the master lets the horse catch up; thief: I can't, I have a falcon under my hat, I have to watch; the master gives 300 rubles for the falcon; my son returns to his mother: you're not the stupidest, I've never been given three horses with by cart, pig with piglets and even money]: Afanasiev 1958 (3), No. 391:179-180; Russians (Vologodskaya): Gura 1965, No. 53 [a ponizovite comes to the old woman and answers that from the dead; she asks, not did he see her son Doronia, who died as a soldier; he replies that D. herds Christ's calves, lost one, now they ask him for money; the old woman gives 5 rubles, the guy says that it is not enough, she gives more oil and azyam; the old man came back, chased on a horse, caught up, ordered him to hold the horse until he cut out a baton to beat the Ponizovets; he rode away; at home the old man was an old woman: Tepe Doronia was a son, and I was a stepson]: 278; Efremov 1975, No. 7 [the son died as a child; a poor boy comes to the old woman; answers that yes, he saw her son, they live together, hungry and ragged; the old woman gave canvases, butter, cereals and money; the old man came back and went to look for someone who is even easier; if he does not find it, he will kill an old woman; comes to the lady, bows to the pig; "My pig is colorful, your pig's sister", calls to the wedding with the piglets; the lady put all the pigs in the tarantas, sent them to the wedding; the old man hid the tarantas with the horses away from the road; the master is going; the old man: you drove with the piglets, you can hardly catch up; the master gave the horses - catch up ; I can't, I have a falcon under my hat (there's a lot of manure there); the master volunteered to hold it; he sat until dark, raised his hat; the old man returned to the old woman with his prey: it's easier to eat you]: 166-167; Russians (Voronezhskaya, s . Bolshaya Vereyka, 1939) [A soldier enters the old woman's house, jokingly reports that he has come from the dead, the old woman asks if he has met her deceased son. The soldier says that he is herding cranes together with Ivan and asking him to give him updates. An old woman feeds a soldier and gives a horse. The old man returns home, scolds the old woman for her credulity and goes to catch up with the soldier. He hears that he is being chased, hides the horse in the bushes, and hangs the hair from its mane on an aspen tree. He tells the old man that he just saw a man on a horse climb into the sky on an aspen tree, his mane caught on branches. The old man goes after him and asks the soldier to guard the horses. While the old man climbs, the soldier takes all the horses away. The old man turns out to be more stupid than his wife]: Baryshnikova 2007, No. 99:264-265; Russians (Kursk, Mokhovsky District, 1939) [The old man refuses to go to the city with his wife, sends her alone. She asks the guy on the road where the bazaar is, and he says it's coming soon. She meets a soldier, asks about the same thing, he replies that the bazaar is him, says that half of the goods are at his house, on an old woman's cart, go to buy goods and do not return. She comes to her husband's house, who scolds and hits her. Old people sell cows and buy horses. In the absence of the old man, a soldier appears, who took her horse away, saying that he came from the dead and saw Mitya's old son hugging. She and the soldier give gifts to her son. The old man scolds his wife, wants to catch up with the soldier, meets him and does not recognize him, the soldier says that he saw where the "guy with things" went and promises to catch up with him on the old man's horse. The old man waits for neither a soldier nor a horse]: Aristov, Pavlov 1939:53-54; Northern Ukrainians (Chernihiv Province) [the man sold the pumpkin; the Jew asked why it was expensive; the man replied that if you sat on it, you would sit the stallion; the Jew bought a pumpkin and sat on it at home; the wife said that they laughed at him; the Jew threw it away pumpkin into the bush, a hare jumped out from there; the Jew reproached his wife for not allowing him to sit on the pumpkin; a man came and asked to spend the night; the wife asked where he came from; the man said he was from another world; wife asked how her parents were there; the man replied that they were "so cut off; that mustache to carry water, that dog to carry"; his wife gave him money, asked to take them a hotel; a Jew came, scolded her, galloped for that man; the man saw that he was being caught up and stood by the tree; the Jew asked if he had seen whom; the man replied that he had seen; the Jew asked him to catch up; said he would give his horse; the man agreed, but on the condition that the Jew would hold a tree for him; then rode away; the Jew returned home; said that he had given the horse so that his parents would not carry water there]: Chubinsky 1878, No. 56:571-572.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. Crimean Tatars: Zherdeva 2020, No. 13 [the old woman asks the junk man what he will do with the collected things; junk collector: I will dress orphans in paradise; woman: did I see my son there; junk collector: he is engaged in agriculture there; the woman gives two silver rings to give to his son; the husband returned, found out, rode after the deceiver; the junk man tells the miller to climb the tree, and he sprinkled flour on himself and occupied his place; replies to the person who arrived that the thief was sitting in a tree; the old man climbed a tree and the thief rode his horse; at home, the old man said that he also gave his son a horse]; Emirsuinova et al. 2013 [ the girl Esma was lying and noticed a hammer; she began to cry: she would marry, give birth to a boy named Asan, a hammer would fall on his head; his mother calms down: we will slaughter a bull, gather neighbors, and pray in the morning; in the morning the father of the family left, promising to return if he finds someone more stupid than his wife and daughter; at the spring, the girl asks where he is going; the man is annoyed: from the dead; girl: have you seen my mistress's brother? When she learned that her brother was begging for alms at the gates of paradise, the hostess gave the man three gold coins for his brother; the owner returned and rode after the deceiver; he changed clothes with the bald miller: a rider was approaching, who blows the head of everyone bald; answered the rider that he had not seen anyone, but he pointed to the tree where the miller had climbed; the rider left his horse, clothes, boots, gold chain, climbed; the man took everything, rode away; at home, the owner told his wife that he had decided to give the traveler a horse so that he could quickly transfer the money to her brother; and the man returned to his wife and daughter, they bought a bull and a cow with three gold coins, and began to live well]: 55-61; Circassians [daughter-in-law, daughter, woman herself cry, imagining that their healthy or non-existent husband (son, brother) has died; the owner of the house Mashuko goes to look for someone who would be more stupid than these women; in in one place, people drag the hill instead of moving closer to it; a woman buys a leaky jug from M. because it is easy to wash on both sides; believes that M. came from the dead, sends him an arba with oxen, a donkey and property for his late daughter; when he finds out what happened, the woman's son follows him; M. guides him along the side road, volunteering to hold the horse; hides it, cutting it off the tip of the tail and sticking it into the ground; the person believes that the horse has failed; the question is: who is more stupid?] : Kapiyeva 1991:424-428; Adygs [carrying water and walking under a tree, the woman thought that if she had a child and the tree fell, it would kill him; began to cry; her mother and sister to her joined; the husband went to look for someone more stupid than them; the khan's maid asks where he is coming from; the man replied that he is from the dead; hansha asks if he saw her son who died recently there Ahmeta; man: he is not allowed to go to heaven, they demand 60 gold; after receiving the money, the man left and soon saw a rider behind him; told the bald plowman that this rider wanted to kill him because all bald people were being killed; let him climb a tree; when the khan rode, the man said that the one he was chasing had climbed a tree; the man helped the khan follow him and rode on his horse; when he returned, the khan told his wife that decided to give it to his son and horse]: Kerashev 1957:255-257; Abazins [husband finds his wife crying: she looked at the well and the tree and thought they were as lonely as they were (no children); the old man went looking for another equally stupid woman; comes to the princess, whose son has died; says that he is a messenger of God, her son is under his command, asks to send a horse with gold harness and personal belongings; after finding out what is going on , the prince galloped in pursuit; the deceiver tells the bald ploughmen that in such a village the splashing men killed the prince, his father kills all the bald ones; they climbed the tree, the deceiver under the cart; the prince decided that among those who were frightened of him must be a deceiver, followed a tree; the deceiver sat on his horse, rode away; when the prince returned, he told his wife that he was visiting his son and left him a horse]: Tugov 1985, No. 112:316-318; Ingush: Malsagov 1983, No. 115 [in Tsagen's absence, asked a passerby where he was coming from; he replied that he was from the dead; agreed to transfer money for her deceased father; returning, Ts. rode after the deceiver; he told the miller that the approaching rider was killing all the millers, changed clothes with the miller, told him to hide in addition; while Ts was sorting things out with the miller, the deceiver rode his horse; C. told his wife that he had decided to send her father a horse as well]: 265-266; Sadulaev 2004, No. 68 []: 195-196; Avars [the husband went to the bazaar, the wife and daughter went to the forest, the little son stayed at home; wife and daughter began to think, what if the boy died; they were crying, the whole village had gathered; the husband went to look for even more stupid people; he met the merchant's wife at the spring, tells her that he came from the dead; she asks, not Has he seen her parents; sends money with him; the traveler decided to return home, since there are people more stupid than his wife]: Aliyeva 2013, No. 89:402-403; Dargins (Kubachi) ["How a poor man deceived a rich man", story like Avars]: Aliyeva 2013:534; Georgians: Kurdovanize 1988 (2), No. 141 [after her husband's death, the wife is inconsolable; Where did you go? brother-in-law: to the next world; the wife went to the tired peasant, asked where he came from; From the dead; said that her husband knew her, he was starving; agreed to charge 50 rubles for the deceased; when the brother-in-law said so found out that he galloped to catch up with the crook; the deceiver saw a bald miller; pointing to the approaching rider: he was told to skin the bald ones for drums; he agreed to change clothes and climbed a tree; while the stalker was talking to him, the deceiver rode on his horse; brother-in-law to the widow: decided to give my brother a horse]: 280-282; Bogoyavlensky 1894a, No. 5 (Imereti) [the peasant has a wife and three daughters; wife sent the eldest to get water; there is a tree on the other side; "I will marry, I will give birth to a son, he will climb this tree, fall, break"; the middle daughter is sent, then the youngest, then the mother herself goes, all four are crying; the husband left, promising to return if he finds someone more stupid than his family; the widow cries: who will use the property of the deceased; the peasant says he came from the dead and these things to the deceased very necessary; the widow gave it away; the brother-in-law jumped in pursuit; the peasant tells the ploughman that the royal servants cut the heads of bald people; changed with him, and the bald plowman climbed the tree; the brother-in-law climbed after him, and the peasant rode his horse and returned home]: 30-35; Kurdovanidze 2000, No. 1540 (many records) [a woman believes a stranger that he came from paradise and saw her late husband there; gives money to the deceiver ( food, things) so that he could give them to her husband; her relative chased the deceiver, but as a result was left without a horse]: 95; Chikovani 1954, No. 70 (Kartley) [the employee broke the owner's jug; brought the owner's neck , said that the whole world could be seen in it; the hostess bought it for 200 rubles to look with her husband; the husband went to look for a deceiver, sat down by the stream; when asked by the servant of the nobleman, he replied that he was coming from the dead; gentlemen gave gold and silver to take to his son; when the son-in-law found out, he rode after the deceiver; he says to the bald miller that horsemen are galloping to kill all bald people; the man sprinkled flour on himself, replied to the rider that the runaway climbed a mulberry tree; he asked to hold the horse; the man jumped on his horse and took the gold]: 340-341; Azerbaijanis [my husband bought a bag of wheat, let's wait for Ramazan to come; went in beggar, his wife asked if his name was R., he guessed to answer, Yes, his wife gave him wheat; the husband rushed to look for him; the woman: where are you coming from; the man in his heart said you were from hell; the woman's brother was hanged there for debts; the woman gave the gold to her brother; her husband galloped to catch up with the deceiver; the man told the lousy shepherd that the king ordered all the lousy ones to cut off their heads, advised them to climb into the well; pursuer thought that a gold thief climbed into the well, left him his clothes and horse, climbed to get the shepherd; the horse who received the horse galloped off]: Bagriy, Zeynally 1935:531-534; Turks: Eberhard, Boratav 1953, No. 331 [the bride cries: if she marries and gives birth to a child, the child may fall off the tree; the man goes looking for even more stupid ones; fools try to bring sunlight into the house with a sieve; they cannot pull their hand out a jug and they are going to cut off his hand; they drag a cow to the roof to eat the grass that has grown there; a man tells a woman that she is going to hell, she gives him food for a deceased relative; her husband jumps after a deceiver; seeing a chase, the deceiver tells the miller that they are going to grab him, the miller tries to run away, the woman's husband follows him, and the deceiver rides his horse; the miller sells a bag of mind to fools for a bag gold; one of them grabs the bag, runs, opens it (it contains only air), hits a rock, is left without a head; others find the corpse and, together with the wife of the deceased, discuss whether their friend had a head or no], 339 [the crook (Keloglan) tells the woman that she is coming from the dead; she gives him a horse and give the money to a deceased relative when he sees him again; the woman's husband jumps to look for a deceiver; he sees a bald miller and says that the padishah is looking for the same bald man; the miller changes his clothes with the crook and climbs a tree himself; while the pursuer climbs a tree, the crook takes his horse away; there is one the story of Nasreddin]: 365-366, 371-372.
Iran - Central Asia. Persians: Ottomans 1958:104-108 [the mother is forced to put food in her lazy son's mouth; she spread the apples so that he got out of bed to collect them and went out the door for the first time; her mother locked her; gave her son an egg, a handful of flour, a skein of wool yarn and a horn; the lazy man went, got caught in the rain; took off his clothes, sat on them, and when the rain stopped, put on the dry one; the diva asks why he is not wet; lazy: and I am Satan; divas offers to crumble a stone with his hand, the lazy man sprinkles flour; squeeze oil out of the stone; the lazy man crushed the egg; the diva ran away; the lazy man came to the castle of the king of divas; he pulled out his hair and showed that the lazy man showed a skein wool; the diva shouted, the lazy man blew the horn, came out louder; near the village, a lazy man climbed a tree above the spring; the black slave took the reflection for her own, thought she had turned white; the lazy man laughed, said that he Satan came from the dead; the slave asks whether their dead man was taken to heaven or hell; lazy: to hell and he does not have enough money; the slave ran to the mistress and she gave the money to her late husband; the lazy man took also a horse to get to hell; when they found out what was going on, the woman's sons jumped after the lazy man; he told the man washing the demand that the guards were jumping after him; gave him his horse, and began to wash him demand; the riders jumped after that man, and the lazy man brought home the money], 409-318 []; 1987 [the boy Hasan-Zanoza (H.) went to his aunt for vinegar; meets, agrees to take it with him, carries a jackal, a crow , a scorpion, a dog; in her aunt's house, she tells a scorpion to get into a box of matches, put a jackal in her shoes, a crow to relieve her need when a woman looks at the sky to God, and grab the dog aunt by the leg if she tries to go down to the basement; H. climbed into the basement to steal vinegar, the jug's lid broke, the aunt wanted to light the fire, planned misfortunes fell on her; mother H. cooked soup, splashed into a crow jug, poured it into a plate for the jackal and dog, killed the scorpion; the crow's head was stuck, the jug broke, the corolla remained around the crow's neck; H. promised to remove it if it was croak every time H. pushes him to the side; H. and the crow came to his aunt, she has a lover; H. sees her hiding the pilaf and her lover when her husband came; pushed the crow, he croaks, H. explains: why pilaf for the man under the pot, and bread and onions for her husband; the aunt hid her lover under the stairs; in the morning she ordered him to leave, sprinkling millet with her - she would bring him lunch; H. heard that his lover's trail was erased, scattered millet on the way to the field where my aunt's husband worked; the husband is surprised that his wife brought lunch; next time with scattered straw; the aunt asks the sacred tree how to dazzle H.; H. he hid himself in a tree, tells X. to feed him for 40 days with pilaf and chicken; well-fed H. pretends to go blind; aunt tells to drive away animals, H. hits his lover with a stick, says he is blind; kills his lover by pouring boiling oil in his face; his aunt asks to bury the dead man; H. tied the corpse to a donkey, brought him to the field, the owner hit him, H. accused the man of killing his father; received a ransom; brought the "father" to the caravan- to the barn where the Loers stayed; said that his father could die if strangers spoiled the air; poured paste into the sleeping luram's pants; the Lures fled in fear, H. buried the corpse, took the goods of the Loures; says to the widow who had her late husband, he sells greens at the entrance to hell; the widow gives a golden watermelon, asks to give it to her husband; father-in-law ran to look for the deceiver, did not find it; H. brought all the mother's wealth]: 416-423; Ishkashim [the merchant was robbed; the rich man's wife asks where he is going; the merchant replies that he is going to the grave; she gives him a bag of gold to give to his deceased parents - her own and her husband; the husband returned, galloped for gone; he sees a bald ploughman; points to the rider - he kills bald ones; the bald man climbed a tree, and the merchant pretends to be a peasant; the woman's husband took off his boots and climbed a tree; the merchant took him boots, gold, sat on his horse and rode away; the rich man told his wife that he had given the horse so that the sent man could get to the other world ("hell") faster]: Pakhalina 1959, No. 11:163.
Baltoscandia. Latvians [A man from the dead. The wife gives a stranger who supposedly came from the dead (sky) clothes and money for the deceased son (husband). Returning home, the owner on the horse chases the deceiver, but he also steals his horse]: Aris, Medne 1977, No. 1540:357; Lithuanians [the man bought a scoop at the bazaar and walked past the estate, looking at sky; the lady asks why he needed such a big spoon; the man knew that the lady's son had died; said that he was God's cook and was in a hurry to heaven; that the lady's son was poor there; the lady gave the man clothes, money, etc. . to take it to his son; the master returned, rode after the thief; the man hid the bundle, climbed onto the roof; said that the thief ran to the mountain, that the master would not catch up with him or recognize him anyway; the master gave it to the man the horse, and the master stayed to tear the straw on the roof; men: why are you ruining the roof? their master was beaten; when he returned home, he said that he also gave the horse for her son]: Löbite 1965:340-342; Norwegians [a stupid woman misunderstands the answer of the traveler who has come and thinks that he came with of the sky. He takes her cart, horse, etc., saying that her late husband asked them to be delivered to him]: Hodne 1984, No. 1540:276; Swedes [the cleric comes from Paris, stays in the same house; the hostess hears who is "from paradise" (Paris/Paradis), asks if he has seen her late husband; the visitor replies that he lives well, but does not have enough clothes and money for wine; the hostess gives him everything; when the second one returns The woman's husband finds out that she has been robbed, he jumps after him; the deceiver leads him into the forest and takes his horse himself]: Liungman 1961, No. 1540:308-309; Icelanders, Danes, Western Sami , Karelians, Veps: Kecskeméti, Paunonen 1974, No. 1540:258; Finns [the wife decided to go to town herself to sell the cow so that her husband would not spend the proceeds; on the way she went to to the buyer; he gave her a drink, changed her clothes to her city clothes, took the cow; in the morning he said that he saw a woman for the first time; she went to the stable, but her horse was frightened of unfamiliar clothes; now the woman is almost sure that she is not her; at home the dog is also frightened; children too; the husband goes on a journey: if he finds a woman more stupid than his wife, he will return; he went into the house, the hostess believed that he was from heaven and He would return there; gave food and money for his late first husband; the real husband returned and followed him; when he noticed him, the man threw the bag into the bushes and met him halfway; said that the man with the bag ran into the forest; the husband asked to hold the horse; the man took both the bag and the horse; in another house he saw that there were no windows, and the hostess was running around and bringing sunlight into the room with a bag; the man cut through the window, the grateful hostess paid him; he came to the castle, stood in front of the pig in the yard, called her dear aunt and asked her to come to the feast; hostess: once an aunt, let him go; when her husband returned, he ran take the pig away; during this time, the man changed into a nice dress, stood outside in front of a dung beetle, covered it with a hat; said that there was a goldbird under his hat; the pig's owner remained on guard, letting the man and sent his horse to pick up his net; he told the pig's owner that her husband had been captured by robbers, she gave all the money; the man returned home and told his wife that she was not the most stupid]: Salmelainen 1947:56- 61; Livonians, Estonians: Uther 2004 (2), No. 1540:277-278.
Volga - Perm. Bashkirs: Barag 1990, No. 165 [shakird (madrasah student) returned to the village; enters a rich house, an old woman there; says that he is tired walking from hell, where he carried firewood, now he has received permission go home; the old woman asks if the guy saw her late son in hell; shakird replies that they worked together; the old woman treats him, sends him gifts and money with him; as soon as he left, he returned babay; when he found out what was going on, he rode after the swindler; wanted to beat him with a club, but regretted it and ran after the vine; shakird rode his horse; returning to the old woman, Babay said that he had also sent a horse to his son]: 388- 390; 1992, No. 24 [girl cries: when she gets married and a son is born, she will climb a poplar, fall into the river and drown; the mother also cries: we must have a wake; the father leaves: if he finds more fools, then will return; six women are crossed, they do not know where whose; an old woman and a girl are dragging a bull to the roof to get caught; in third place, the woman asks where the person is going; he replies: I walk on the ground and under it too; she decided that he was from the dead; he says he saw her husband there; he herds sheep, many were taken away by a wolf, there was no money to pay for them; the woman gave him money to give to her husband; the man returned home]: 63-64; Kazan Tatars (Irkutsk Oblast) [the soldier went to the old woman, she says that her son is dead; soldier: I am from the dead; agrees to take gifts and money for her son; the old man returned, rode after the soldier; not recognizing him, asked him to hold the horse while he picks up the dropped rod; the soldier rode away; the old man to the old woman: I gave him the horse too]: Zamaletdinov 2009, No. 130:441-442; Chuvash [the lady asks the man where he is coming from; he replies that with of the other world, lady: did you not see my dead son? idiot: he carries water on a nag; the lady gave the wagon and the horse to her son; when he found out what had happened, the husband followed him; the man tells the miller that the master wanted to beat him; he smeared himself in flour, and He sent the miller upstairs; when the master jumped and sent him, the master began to beat the miller with a whip; the man stole his horse; the master told his wife that he had decided to give Vanyushka and his horse]: Sidorova 1979:176-177 ; Mordovians, Marie, Komi: Kecskeméti, Paunonen 1974, No. 1540:258.
Japan. The Japanese (1 literary source) []: Ikeda 1971, No. 1540:253.