M112. Animals at the well, ATU 55. .10.-.16.21.25.-.32.
Thezoomorphic character refuses to dig, clean, or fill a drinking water source and is not allowed to use water. {List of African options in Paulme 1977. In cases where the protagonist is a kite, hawk, buzzard, bark (and possibly also an eagle), we are most likely talking about the same bird - Buteo buteo from the hawk family}.
Hottentots [Jackal], ilah [Hare], lamba [Hare], aunt (nyungve?) [Hare], Ronga [Hare], Tonga [Hare], Nyanja [Hare], Kongo [Rabbit], Kamba [Hare], Kikuyu [Hare], Nyamwezi [Hare], Sumbwa [Hare], Isanzu [Hare], Zigula [Hare], Swahili [Hare], Comorians [Hare]], ndaw [Hare], matumbi [Hare], Kasai (lulua?) [Gazelle], Kimbundu [Hare], Suto [Jackal], Scythe [Jackal], Eve [Hare], Yoruba [Hare; Turtle], Wolof [Hare], Bozo [?] , Gbandi [Hare], Raspberry [Hare], Bambara [Hare], Dogon [Hare], Akebu [Bat], Songhai [Heron], Hausa [Jackal], Iraku [Hare], Sanye [Hare], Ngindu [Hare], Mauritanian Arabs ["little wild animal"] , Italians (Veneto) [Teal; Raven], French (Haute-Brittany, Gironde, Bordeaux, Poitou, Saint Malo) [green woodpecker], Flemish [green woodpecker], Germans (East Prussia, Pomerania) [kite, crow], ao [ broad-billed longtail, Psarisomus dalhousiae], Burma naga [hawk], Meitei [Nonggoubi bird], paivan [hawk and eagle], fox [hare], Transylvania [jackdaw], Serbs [eagle], Slovenians [?] , Romanians [kite, curlew, owl], Macedonians [eagle], Slovaks [kite], Poles [kite], Russians (Novgorod, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod) [buzzard?] , Belarusians [kite], Ukrainians [kite], Avars [cuckoo], Lucky [cuckoo], Tajiks [woodpecker], Latvians [oriole, kite, plover; raven (deceiver)], Livs [oriole; greybird], Estonians [oriole, kite, nightjar, curlew, raven, cancer, swallow, anemone flower], Veps [hawk], mordovians [sarich (buzzard, Buteo buteo, hawkish)], Marie [Crow, but sarich punished], Chuvash [crow, but sarych punished], Udmurts [Crow, but sarich punished], (natchez [rabbit], teal [rabbit]).
SW Africa. Hottentots: Klipple 1992 [animals build a mound to allow water to gather inside; the jackal refuses to work, but comes to drink and swim; the turtle smears glue, the jackal sticks to it; asks shave his tail, grease him, then hit his head against a rock; a hyena tries to do it and the jackal runs away]: 35; St. Lys 1916 [in drought, a lion calls a baboon, a leopard, a hyena, a jackal, a hare and a turtle to dig a well; the jackal refuses to work, and when the well is filled with water, he comes to drink and swim; the baboon remains on guard; the jackal promises to give him honey, he allows himself to be tied; the jackal bathes, does not give the baboon honey, hits it with a stick; next time the turtle smears the shell with glue, hides in the water, the jackal thinks it's a stone, sticks, tries to beat, bite the turtle, sticks even more tightly; the turtle brings the jackal to the animals, the lion sentences him to death; agrees that the jackal himself propose the type of execution; the jackal: shave the tail, grease it, take the hyena by the tail and, untwisted, hit his head against the stone; the tail slips out of the hyena's hands, the jackal runs away, the lion chases; the jackal pretends to hold the rock ready to fall; asks the lion to hold it, goes to bring the pole himself; disappears]: 59-63.
Bantu-speaking Africa. Ila [a woman gives a fruit, calls it munjebele; Leo, Elephant slip, fall, forget the name; The hare, on the advice of a woman, shouts the name of the fetus when she falls, does not forget; everything they go to bed at the spring, agree to kill someone who goes out of need at night; the Hare relieves the Elephant's body, the Elephant is killed; the hare carries his head, sings about what happened; he is grabbed; he says that he will not die if he is hit against a stone, but dies if thrown into a hole; hides in a hole; he is grabbed by the leg, he says it is the root; comes out on the other hand, offers to dig himself, breaks the hoe; to get the handle back on, hits Buffalo's leg and head with a hoe; refuses to dig a well with everyone, the animals decide not to let him go to the water; The hare, promising honey to the watchman, consistently binds set to guard Wildebeest, Leo, Elephant; The turtle offers to smear it with glue, the Hare sticks, he is killed]: Smith, Dale 1920, No. 18:394-398; lamp [The elephant tells you to dig a well; only the Hare does not came to work; the Elephant forbids him to use water; the Rhino guards, grabs the Hare who has come for water; he allows the Rhinoceros to taste honey; will give more if the Rhino allows himself to be tied; Hare takes away water; now the Elephant himself remains to guard - the same; the Leo is the same; the Turtle is called to guard, grabs the Hare; he asks to kill him in the sand, he will not die here; he is thrown into the sand, he runs away]: Doke 1927:27-29; tete (nyungwe?) [in the drought, the animals dug a well, the hare refused to work, but comes for water; the buffalo guards; the hare promises to give him honey if he allows himself to be tied; the hare binds the buffalo, collects water, leaves; the turtle tells you to wax its shell, hides in the water; the hare bathes, sticks; the lion ties it up and carries it away; he asks to bury it in a pile of manure before killing it, holding it by the tail; everyone comes with Hit him with sticks; the hare cuts off its tail, runs away; tells other hares that the lion told everyone to cut their tails; the lion sends a hyena to kill the tailless hare; she sees that everyone is tailless]: Mohl 1905, No. 11: 36-38; Tonga: Radin 1952, No. 30 [someone stirs up the pond, the chief puts watchmen; the Varan is the first to guard; the hare suggests that he cultivate the field better, ties a hoe to the tail, stirs up the pond; brings him a drink and lets him go for promising to say that he has muddy the pond; the monitor lizard is killed; the same with the Antelope (the hoe is tied to the front legs, the Hare brings the Antelope to eat); the Turtle Watchman Hare offers to steal sweet potatoes from the field; the turtle hides in his bag, eats the stolen sweet potatoes while the Hare, unaware of it, carries it back from the field; the Hare invites Leo to show which of his subjects is stealing peanuts; quietly ties his mane to a tree; throws peanuts in front of him; calls animals, says that the thief he has caught is Leo; the lion has been beaten to death; the hare puts on lion skin, comes to his wives, tells us to slaughter all the cattle, bring all the money; the skin already stinks, the imaginary Leo goes to heal, sheds his skin, takes money; hides in a hole; the pursuers pull his leg, he says it's the root, it is released and the root is pulled; he finds a pond where there is no watchman; in fact, a Turtle is in the water, grabs his leg; he promises her a goat; then promises the money left to Chameleon for storage; The turtle comes to the Chameleon blowing in her eyes, she dies], 31 [The hare refuses to dig a well with everyone else; he is not allowed to approach the well; he tells the Crane that he ate his berry, The crane gives a feather in return; The hare also changes the feather for a jail, fish, grain, sour milk, spills it on an anthill, collects flying ants; gives the Leo guarding the well at provided that he lets himself be bound; animals come, the water is muddy; Leo explains what happened; The hare was killed with a cannon]: 123-128, 129-132; Torrend 1921, No. 6 [animals were thirsty, dug a well, rabbit refused to work; met a crane, they agreed to pick berries together; while the crane was gone, the rabbit ate everything, accused the crane, he had to give his pen; on the road, men dance, throwing assegai, the rabbit offers a feather, took one, the wind blew the feather away, he was given it in return for the jail; he gave it to the fishermen, the big fish took it away, he was given fish; he gave it to those who have one porridge to cook, he was given sorghum in return ( Sorghum bicolor); he gave him yogurt, they ate everything, gave yogurt; slipped on the anthill, the milk spilled, he gathered the flying ants; came to the well guarded by the lion; the lion was guarding agreed to be bound if the rabbit gave him flying ants; the rabbit got drunk and swam, muddling the water; when they found out what had happened, the animals shot the rabbit with a cannon]: 169-172; ronga [The hare did not cleaned the well with everyone else, she was forbidden to use water; the Gazelle was left as a watchman, the Hare gave her honey to allow her legs to be tied; collected water; told Antelope that the Hare had defeated her ; the same with Antelope, Buffalo, Behemoth; The toad hid in the water, grabbed the Hare; they wanted to execute her, but she ran away]: Junod s.a., No. 4:72-74; tsonga [(beginning, p.254-256, about a cannibal with a body- half; the cannibal runs away, reaches out his second leg and second arm, becomes a normal person, then it turns out that it is a Hare; why he is not allowed to use the well is not specified); The hare gives the watchman honey water; says that the bound tastes better; the watchman allows himself to be bound, the Hare hits him, takes water, bathes in the spring; the Leo and the Elephant appoint new watchmen, the same with them; prescribe the Toad, she hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the leg, the Hare kills her, hangs her on a tree; a frog is prescribed, she grabs the Hare and holds it until others arrive; the hare offers to shoot him with a bow; he is put on distance as a target, he runs away]: Junod 1927:256-258; nyanja [The turtle offers to dig a watering hole; The hare refuses to work with others; the rhino is left as a watchman not to be allowed to Hare's watering hole; The hare offers him honey, tells him to put his head in a vessel, ties him, drinks water; the same with the Elephant and other animals; The turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the paw; lets the Elephant hold, the Hare breaks out, pretends to be a stick by the river; the elephant says he would kill the Hare with this stick, throws it across the river; the hare becomes a Hare again, runs away]: Holland 1916:135-136; ndau [Leo gathered in drought animals to dig a well; the hare refused, said that he was drinking dew; the animals began to dig a dance, but water did not appear from dancing; The turtle dug to the water, everyone is happy, they decide to guard so that the Hare does not come to drink; The hare promises to give Hyena honey if she allows herself to bind; the same with the Leopard and other animals; the turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the leg; he asks for permission to dance; looking at him, the animals too start dancing, Hare runs away]: Boas, Simango 1922, No. 4:162-164; Congo [in drought, Antelope and Rabbit decide to dig a well; Rabbit offers food when they finish working; leaves every now and then - allegedly his wife is giving birth; replies that the child was named Incomplete, Semi-Finished, Finished, Eats Supplies; Explains that Wild Cat ate Everything; Antelope Does Not Believe, Offers to Drink a Laxative, Rabbit Tail wet; The antelope forbids him to use water from an open water body; The rabbit violates the ban; the antelope places a figure near the pond, smeared it with a sticky mass; The rabbit hits it, sticks, the Antelope kills him]: Dennett 1898:90-93; kamba [in drought, animals dig a well, the Hare refuses to work, the animals agree not to let him go to the water; the Antelope is the first to guard; the hare says his water is sweet, gives try honey, you can only drink it tied up, ties the Antelope, collects water; the same with the Leopard, the Leo, the Elephant and others; the Turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the leg; does not believe when it says this is the root; the animals tied the Hare, but he gnawed through the ropes and ran away; he was allowed to use the well]: Lindblom 1928, No. 13:29-39 (transfer to Zhukov, Kotlyar 1976, No. 80:196-200, in Okhotina 1962: 231-236); kikuyu [during the drought, the animals dug a well, the Hare did not work; everyone decided to guard one by one so that the Hare would not collect water; he gives the Gazelle honey, promises to give it more if it is allowed to tie it; collects water; the same with the Swamp Goat, Hyena, Elephant (the Elephant is invited to play if he will tear the ropes; the elephant is confident, the latter could not tear); everyone lies that he was tied up by the Masai; Turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the nose; the hare is thrown into the fire, he runs away unnoticed; some animals think he has burned down, others think he has run away; they fight; leave the Hare alone]: Gagnolo 1953, No. 28:125-128 (= Hunting 1962:203-208); Nyamwezi [in drought, the Elephant gathers animals to dig a well; the Hare refuses to work; when the well is ready, the Gazelle, as the fastest, is left to guard him; the hare brings it to her beer, binds the sleepy, collects water; the Gazelle tells the animals that the Hare has bewitched her; the Leo guards her, the Hare comes curling his hair with pigtails; the lion wants the same, allows himself to be tied; the guard is called frog; hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the nose; the animals decide to throw the Hare against a rock; he replies that he will die faster when thrown against a termite mound; runs into a hole]: Spellig 1929, No. 3:237-239; sumbwa [animals dig a well; the hare refuses to work, but comes to use water; the gazelle is left as a watchman; the hare promises to take out its insects, binds it; the same with the lion, the buffalo; the elephant refuses the services of a hare, chases him, but he hides in a hole]: Arewa 1961, No. 1981:102 (=Klipple 1992:40); isanzu [The hare refused to dig a well with others; decide to guard at night, to prevent the Hare from giving water; The hare brings the Leopard a goat, says it is better to eat it tied to a tree; ties the Leopard, collects water, bathes; the same with Leo (The hare brings him a bull); promises the elephant honey, asks to hold the calebasa under a tilted tree, says that the tree will fall if the Elephant lets go of the calebasa, collects water with another calebasa; The turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare by the leg; The hare tells the animals that he will not die if he is beaten with a stick, but he will die if he is put on a pile of ash; it should be cooked whole, if cut it, it will come to life again; he was put whole in the pot to cook, left; he got out, put the baby in his place; told his mother he was potted, ran away]: Kohl-Larsen, Allensbach 1937, No. 2:2-4; zigula [The hare refuses to dig a well with others, he is not allowed to dig a well with others, he is forbidden use water; they send a frog to guard; she says that something big has come and it hid; then they make a figure, smear it with sticky juice; the hare comes, the figure is silent, he hits it, sticks it; says he will die if he has a web around his face and his eyes turn white; the animals do, the Hare runs away]: Dammann 1937, No. 6:153-154; safwa [animals dug a well in the drought, managed to dig a well, managed to dig frog; the hare refused to work, the others began to guard him not to use water; the hare offered honey to the leopard, braided his hair, tied it to a tree, drenched it with hot soup, took water; then same with an antelope, with a "skunk" {?} ; the turtle put a glue-smeared seat on the hare; the hare says he can be killed by throwing him into the ash; runs away]: Arewa 1961, No. 1981:105; Swahili [the Sultan has no water, he tells us to dig well; animals complain that the Hare refuses to work; the Hyena guards; the Hare gives it "its water" - honey, the Hyena allows itself to be tied to a tree to get more; the hare collects water, beats Hyena; the same with Leo; The turtle hides in the water, grabs the Hare; the Hare asks the Sultan to tie him not with a coconut rope, but with a banana rope, then he will die in the sun; tears the rope and runs away]: Olderogge 1959:74-77; Comorians [the animals chose the Elephant as leader; decided to dig a pond to collect rainwater; The hare refused to work - he has enough water; Donkey, then the Sheep remains to guard, the Hare promises them sweet water, binds them, uses a pond; the turtle smears the shell with glue, the Hare climbs into the pond, sticks, he is brought to trial by the Elephant, imprisoned; he tells the watchman that the mountain is falling, asks for support, runs away; again caught, put in a hut where everyone brings their crap; The hare proves that there was no agreement to bring urine, released]: Haring 2007, No. 51:101-102; matumbi [in drought, animals decide to dig a well, The hare refuses; the Elephant sends the Pig to guard him first, the Hare gives him cassava with honey, collects water, stains the well; the lion promises to do his hair, ties him by the mane to the tree; Hyena gives bones, After eating, falling asleep; The turtle hides in clay, cuts off half of the Hare's tail; now the Hare is short-tailed]: Anpetkova-Sharova 2010:415-419; Kasai (bena-lulua?) [the animals dug a pond, but the gazelle refused to work; comes to use the water, deceiving the guards; the sorcerer made a sticky doll; the gazelle began to ask what the doll was doing here, hit, stuck, died ]: Lambrecht 1963:67; kimbundu [the lion called the animals to dig a pond; the rabbit did not work, but collected water and swam, muddling the water; the lion sent Bambi's antelope to guard, the hare sings that he is the son of a lion, he can swim; the same goes for Sesha's antelope and other animals; the turtle grabs the rabbit by the tail; the lion tells him to flog, but the hare jumps out of its skin and runs away]: Nekrasova 1975:39-41; suto [in drought, animals dig a well; the jackal refuses to work; the rabbit is left as a guard to prevent the jackal from using water; the jackal gives the rabbit some honey, promises more if he gives himself tie; does not give honey, drinks water; the same with the hare and the hyena; the turtle does not respond to the jackal's greeting, he kicks her with his foot, she grabs her leg and holds it until other animals arrive; the jackal escapes, runs away , animals praise the turtle]: Dutton 1923:96-98 (retelling in Klipple 1992:36); scythe [during a drought, an elephant orders to build a stone rampart around the pool where rainwater will gather; the jackal refuses work; when water fills the pool, goes to drink, bribing animals left to guard with honey; the turtle smears the shell with glue, hides in the water, the jackal steps on it, hits it, sticks; it is killed]: Klipple 1992:35, 97.
West Africa. Eva [the animals decided to cut off the tips of their ears, heat the fat, sell it, use this money to buy a hoe, dig a well; the hare refused to participate; at noon the Hare goes to the well, dragging for it to the Calebass, she rumbles, the watchmen run away; to find out who takes the water and muddies the well, they leave a scarecrow covered with lime; it does not respond to the Hare, he hits him, sticks; the animals beat the Hare, but let go; he has been hiding in the grass ever since]: Ellis 1890, No. 4:275-277 (=Olderogge 1959:154-156, =Abrahams 1983, No. 11:74-75); Yoruba: Anpetkova-Sharova 2010 [in drought, the Pig invites everyone to dig well; the turtle refuses to work, it is forbidden to drink; every time it comes to the well at night, it sings a song about the kingdom of death, the watchman runs away in fear; the animals put up a resin doll, the Turtle hits it, sticks; they felt sorry for him and let him go]: 46-48; Parrinder 1967 [the animals decide to cut off the ends of their ears, heat their fat, sell them, buy hoes to dig a well with this money; the hare dodged it; when the well ready, comes, hitting the calebass; not understanding where the noise comes from, the animals run away; The hare drinks from the well, bathes in it; the animals make the girl's figure, smear it with glue, the hare sticks, he is beaten; now he lives in the grass, its ears are the longest]: 131; Songhai [animals gathered to work in the field during the drought; the Heron refused, but began to steal crops; flying over the field, the Heron sings, telling where they are hiding the watchmen are various animals; the Hyena responds, confirms; the animals grab the Heron, she lets it be put in a bag, the Hyena is left as a watchman; the Heron promises Hyena to sing for her, she releases it from the bag, Heron spoiled him; animals throw the bag into the fire, think that fat is hissing, but they see the Heron flying; Hyena laughs, they throw it into the fire itself]: Rozhansky 2005, No. C.1:134-136; akebu [Earth and Sky quarreled ; then Heaven refused to send rain; Earth sent a Wagtail with a calebasa to him; she prostrated herself, said that the Earth recognized the supremacy of Heaven; Heaven poured water into the calebas, making the Earth a condition for the Earth built a house for her children; the Wagtail came down, the calebasa burst, the water spread all over the land; all people and animals took part in the construction of the house; then, to everyone's joy, thunder thundered; The Bat refused to build; the birds drove it; now it is hiding and does not have its own home]: Müller 1908:274; raspberries [animals dig a well in drought, the Hare refuses to work; The lion comes to drink; the lion offers to put a sticky figure, the Hare hits it, sticks; they want to burn him, but he says that the fire is his friend, and he is afraid of thorny bushes; the Elephant throws him into the bushes, the Hare runs away]: Herve 1936:86-87 in Paulme 1977, No. 813:63; bambara [animals dig a well, the Hare refuses to work, is not given water; he comes at night and drinks and stains water; animals put up a sticky scarecrow, Hare hits him, sticks; says he's ready to be burned and quartered, just asks not to throw him into the dewy grass; the elephant threw the Hare into the grass, he ran away]: Anpetkova-Sharova 2010:91-93; "Mande "(bambara or mandingo) [animals dig a well, the hare refuses to work but is about to come for water; others promise to kill him; put a sticky figure, the hare sticks; they tie him up, choose the option executions, the jackal is left to guard; the hare promises to show him meat, tells him to untie him, he leads him to the steppe, the hare climbs a tree, runs away; puts on a worm-eaten skin, meets a jackal, says that the tree fell ill with a terrible disease, the jackal rushes away; the hare tells the hippopotamus that he wants to pay his debt - let him tie a strong rope to his leg; tells the jackal that he has found meat for him - the corpse of a horse in the river; tells you to pull; the hippopotamus is stronger, pulls the jackal into the water and drowns]: Frobenius 1922b, No. 49:106-107; gbandi [The hare refuses to work in the field but steals the crop]: Paulme 1977, No. 1153:64; sorco [] : Ligers, No. 54: xvii-xviii in Paulme 1977, No. 161:99; bozo []: Darmodekhin 1968:79 in Zhukov, Kotlyar 1976:649 (note); ecoi [Hare]: Talbot 1912:397 in Paulme 1977, No. 1125:101; wolof [Hare]: Mongis 1938:131-134 in Paulme 1977, No. 1060:101; catch-up [all animals give a piece of ear to make a drum, the Hare refuses; the Toad is appointed watchman, only the Elephant is allowed to beat the drum; the Hare Sneakily comes to beat, pretends to be beaten by the Toad, she is banished; the hare comes again, caught; says that if he is thrown into fonio (a cultivated plant), he dies; he is abandoned, he runs away]: Paulme 1977, No. 454:89; hausa [during the drought, the lion called the animals, the hyena offered to build a dam; the jackal refused to work but began to drink and swim from the pond; the lion guarded the monkey; the jackal pretended to brought a jug of honey, promises to treat the monkey if it gives the baton and allows itself to be tied; tying the monkey, drinking and swimming as usual; the turtle smeared with sticky resin and climbed into the water; the jackal stepped on the turtle, then hit, stuck, tried to poke its face, stuck completely; the jackal asks permission to choose the type of death; let his tail be greased, then the hyena will take it by the tail and hit it on stone; the hyena's tail slipped out of its paws, the jackal ran away]: Tyutrumova 1991:90-94 (this text may be mentioned in Paulme 1977, No. 170:99 with reference to Skinner 197:46-50).
Sudan-East Africa. Iraq [man kills animals coming to the well; The mouse gnawed through his bow's bowstring, but the man tied the bowstring; the cat has come to live with a man; when he goes hunting, the man leaves the Cat to guard well; The hare dances in front of the Cat, at this time the Hare collects water; only the Hare manages to steal water, other animals suffer; kill a person; crowd at the well, but the Dog does not fit; the Hare smears it with silt, ties sticks to her, calls her sultan, animals are afraid of her, she drinks; The hare gives water for beer; The dog is exposed, it dies, the Hare often does not have enough water; the Hare dresses the Cat as the new sultan, the animals again afraid; the Rhino killed the Cat, the Hare went to another country]: Col-Larsen 1963:51-66; ngindu [in drought, animals dig a well, the Hare refuses; Leo, then take turns leaving others as a watchman, Hare bribes them with honey; the turtle hides, clamps the Hare's paw with its back; they tied him to burn him, they went for brushwood; the hare tells Hyena that he is tied because he must gnaw bones; changes places with her; Hyena is burned]: Gromova, Urmanchieva 2005, No. 5:245-247; sanye [in drought, the animals decided to dig a well, the Hare refused; replied that if he wanted, he would drink from their well; the young Elephant would be the first to guard, The hare gives him honey for permission to drink, binds the nago, as if out of fear that he will change his mind; when he leaves, the Hare throws dirt into the water; the Elephant's father beats his son; the same with Leo; the Turtle hides in the water, grabs A hare by the paw; The hare advises the Elephant to tie it not with ropes, but with banana fibers; the fibers have dried, burst, the Hare ran away]: Barrett 1911:38-39.
North Africa. The Arabs of Mauritania [in order not to die of thirst, a lion, a jackal, a palm rat, a hyena decided to dig a well; but the "little wild animal" (j.r.) refused to work; she came to drink and swim, She sang "Phi fi, my name is Qastembit", the snake grabbed her; others went to fry her for firewood, the lion was guarding her; she promised to sing and dance, the lion untied her, she ran away]: Tauzin 1993:99 -102.
Southern Europe. Italians (Veneto) [when God created water bodies, all animals and birds helped him except the teal and the crow; so God allowed them to quench their thirst only with drops of rain; so if the teal screams, and the raven begins to fly, this is to the rain; the Lord sent the Raven to bring a drop of holy water, but he began to bite the carrion and did not return; then he sent the Swallow, she brought it, so the swallows are blessed and kill their sin]: Kabakova 2006, No. 75B: 133.
Western Europe. The French (Gironde) [God asked the birds to dig water bodies; the green woodpecker refused to work; God said that since he did not want to dig a hole in the ground, he would now hammer holes in the trees; forbid him to take water from reservoirs and drink only rain water; now he screams, Plui, plui, flies, catching drops with his beak]: Dähnhardt 1910:322; French (Bordeaux, Poitou, Saint-Malo) [after creation birds had to dig rivers, springs and the sea; the Green Woodpecker refused to work with everyone; as punishment, he could only drink water that falls from the sky; screams plaintively; about the same in Charente infér. ]: Dähnhardt 1910:322; the French [there was no water, God told the birds to bring it from paradise; the Green Woodpecker refused to work; God only gave him the right to drink when it rained; he hammers trees hoping to find it in they are a drop of water]: Dähnhardt 1910:322-323; the French (Haute-Brittany) [after the flood, the land became completely waterless; God ordered all birds to bring some water from Paradise in their beak; the sea was full; only the green woodpecker refused to work; for this God told him to drink only raindrops; since then he has been screaming, calling for rain, and knocking on the trunk, hoping to find raindrops in the bark]: Kabakova 1998, No. 78:92; Flemish [God told him to dig lakes and rivers; only the green woodpecker refused to work; God forbid him to drink from water bodies, let him catch only raindrops; so the woodpecker screams in the rain]: Van den Berg 2000, No. 134:147; Germans (East Prussia) [1) The kite flies more, rarely lands, drinks only rainwater from recesses on the rock; God punished him for asking for animals to work, the Kite replied that he did not want to get his boots dirty, because he had beautiful yellow legs; 2) shortly after creation, the birds were going to dig a well; the Kite did not want to get its yellow legs dirty; for this God forbid him to drink from water bodies; the Kite screams in anticipation of rain, because he only drinks rainwater from the recesses on the stone; 3) in order not to get his feet dirty, the little woodcock (Numenius phaeopus) refused along with everyone clean the swamp; God has forbidden him to drink from water bodies, and he only drinks rainwater from the charcoal in the rocks; in drought he screams, calling for rain]: Dähnhardt 1910:319-320; Germans (Prussian Samland) [ when the birds were digging a well, the Crow did not help, but threw the land back; now he does not drink water from reservoirs, thirsty near the water]: Dähnhardt 1910:320; Germans (Pomerania) [God commanded birds dig a pond to drink clean water from it; the Kite refused to work for fear of getting his feathers and legs dirty; therefore, now he only drinks water accumulated in tree hollows and recesses in the stone, and when it's not raining for a long time, he screams plaintively]: Dähnhardt 1910:320.
Tibet is the Northeast of India. Ao [all the birds decided to clean the pond and the path to it (well and path); the long-tailed broad-billed refused; the rest rushed to peck at him, his head became flat; he was forbidden to drink from the pond; c Since then, this bird has been screaming, calling for rain because it only drinks raindrops on its leaves]: Coupe 2007:455-458; Burma's naga [the hawk rushes from the sky to the river, but the water seems like blood to him and he again it soars up; it did not rain for three years; the lord of the birds tells his people to deepen the riverbed; the hawk refused to work - he needs to lure the chick; one bird brought the extracted water to the hawk, but found out that he did not have a chick and simply shied away from work; for this deception, the birds made the water look like blood to a hawk]: Zapadova 1977:249-250; Meitei (ranks) [Tangja Lilha Pakhangba dug (a) the riverbeds, and Yoimongba Taothingmang cleaned them; all the birds worked with TY, and only the Nonggoubi bird refused to work; it must feed the baby, wash and cook food; so this bird does not drink water from rivers - otherwise her tail will fall apart]: Singh 1985:305-306.
Taiwan - Philippines. Paywan [there were no rivers; the thrush and kite offered to dig them up, but the hawk and eagle refused to help - they would damage their wire bracelets; the thrush and kite dug the river, but banned the hawk and drink an eagle from it; and if they drink, they will swell and will not be able to fly; that's it: if they drink, they swell]: Whitehorn, Earle 2003, No. 24:137.
China - Korea. The fox [in drought, the wolf invites the hare to dig a well; he readily agrees, but on the first day he says that he has a headache, on the second day he has a stomach, and on the third, what he needs first change the roof of the house; the wolf dug alone, the bear helped him put a roof above the well; said that the hare is quite healthy; the hare goes to use water without permission; the wolf makes a wooden figure boy, smears resin; the hare consistently hits her with his paws, sticks; tells the wolf that he agrees if he roasts him, drowns him, tortures him in Chinese, but let him not throw him into the prickly bush; wolf does it, hare ran away]: Dessaint, Ngwâma 1994:286-292.
The Balkans. Serbs, Macedonians [The Eagle refused to dig springs with other birds; God cursed him, forbidding him to drink in the July heat on the week of fasting before Ilyin's Day, during Petrovsky fasting, or before the birth of the young month, in the moonless; The eagle drinks water only from recesses on the stones, plaintively asks for a drink between the Assumption and the Nativity of the Virgin]: Belova 1999:176; Serbs: Gura 1997 [the eagle does not have the right to drink water during the moonless, i.e. before the birth of the young month (Timok District), during the Petrovsky Fast (Aleksinatsky Pomoravye) or during the driest period, from 13/ 26.VII BC (Bolevatsky District); at this time water turns into blood for him, and he is forced to suffer from thirst as punishment for the fact that in ancient times, when God created the world, he did not seem to be fulfilled God's commission to clean or dig a spring; in fact, the eagle did the job, but was slandered by a magpie or a fox, but the curse remained on it]: 612; Slovenes [(like Serbs?)] : Matičetov 1973:54-55 in Uther 2004 (1), No. 55:49; Romanians: Dähnhardt 1910:320 [God asked birds to help dig water sources and rivers; only Kite (milvus regalis) refused, fearing get his feet dirty; God told him to drink rainwater alone; in drought, the Kite flies high to ask God for rain], 321 [1) when the birds were digging rivers, the Kite refused and was cursed for it; The Swallow worked instead; 2) the lazy Kite was cursed; when the Ravens see him drinking water from the river, they drive him and kill him; 3) when creating the world, God told the birds to adjust the riverbeds; the tarantula (Merops apiaster) did not come unwilling to get his feet dirty; God forbid him to drink water from rivers on pain of death; in drought, the Tarantula flies high and screams plaintively; 4) during a drought, birds dug a well; The curlew did not want to get dirty, said it would wait for it to rain; since then, birds have forbidden him to drink from springs; he now only drinks from the sea, rivers, ditches or rainwater; if he drinks from a spring, he dies], 321-322 [After creation, there are only seas; God tells animals to dig fresh water sources; God noticed that there is no Owl among the workers; she replied that she does not need water; God told her to drink only from puddles; in she screams plaintively to drought, praying for rain; in the rain she flies with her beak open]; Transylvania [Jackdaw refused to clean the springs with everyone else; God told her not to approach them, but to drink alone rainwater]: Dähnhardt 1910:313-314.
Central Europe. Russians [one bird of all refused to carry water to fill seas, lakes, rivers; told God that it would get drunk on a pebble; now, as punishment, it quenches its thirst with rainwater, plaintively asks for a drink] : Afanasiev 1916:17 in Gura 1997:554; Russians (Nizhny Novgorod) [God created the land, decided to fill it with seas, rivers and lakes, sent heavy rain, then told the birds to carry water to their designated places; one bird refused: I'll get drunk on a pebble; the Lord forbade it to approach water bodies and allowed it to quench its thirst only with water that remains on uneven places and between stones after the rain; c since then she has been plaintively asking for "Drink, drink!"] : Morokhin 2002, No. 460:428; Russians: Belova 2004, No. 416 (Cherepovets u. Novgorod Gubernia, 1898) [birds dug up the rivers; yellow did not participate, for which she was punished - she can only drink rainwater; the cry is yellow - "drink!"] , 418 (Yaroslavl Gubernia) [the guilty bird is a pigalitsa (lapwing): "When God created the world and all creatures, all birds were told to gather to dig a riverbed. So the birds showed up, one pigalitsa refused. For this disobedience, God has prevented her from drinking from rivers, streams, puddles, or any water on earth, and she can only quench her thirst with raindrops by catching them with her mouth open. At all times, especially before the rain, a thirsty bird still rushes in all directions, plaintively asking: "Drink! Drink it!"" (WITH. Patsenko. From the beliefs of Yaroslavl Province, 1905. Archive) {=Belova, Petrukhin 2008:198}]: 195; Belarusians: Belova 2014, No. 413 (Kalinkovichi District, Gomel Oblast, 1983) [when sparrows dug a well, the kite (kite) was lazy and did not participate in it; God punished him; now the kite can only drink rainwater left on the leaves; it is thirsty, it takes off into the sky and shouts: "Pee-e-t! Pee-e-t!"] , 420 (Lelchitsky District, Gomel Oblast, 1983) [There were no people, there was a desert; the animals agreed to dig a ditch; the oriole refused: "I will smear my feather"; for this, the animals did not give her water and do not give her water; she is thirsty and has been shouting "drink-drink" ever since]: 193- 196; Grynblat, Gurski 1983, No. 67 [God ordered the birds to clean the sea; only Magpie did not clean; the Kite (milvus) washed himself after work, and Magpie deliberately got dirty in the mud; God forbid the Kite to drink from the sea, He allowed it only from stones and leaves; so when it does not rain, the Kite flies and screams shrill, asking for water; God then figured out what was going on, and the Magpie, which used to be white, turned half black - as it was when it was smeared], 68 [at first all the water was in one place; God told the birds to carry it across rivers and lakes; only the Kite refused to work, so God forbade him to drink from water bodies; since then Since the Kite drinks only rainwater, screams plaintively]: 68, 68-69; Gura 1997 [Magpie slandered the Kite, telling God that he did not clean the seas with all the birds; God forbid him to drink water from the sea; Kite drinks rainwater from rocks and leaves, and when it doesn't rain for a long time, asks for a drink]: 554; Davidovich 1896 (1) [all animals and birds dug lakes and rivers; only the Kite (buzzard) refused; so God forbid him to drink from there, and he drinks water from leaves and stones]: 113; Ukrainians (Ovruch district, Zhytomyr region, 1981) [when sparrows made a well for themselves, a kite (korshak) sat on a tree and looked; then wanted to drink from it; the sparrows said, "If you haven't dug it, don't drink our water"; since then he has "given up on his birds" and sings every day: "Pee-ooh! Pee-hee!"] : Belova 2004, No. 414; Poles: Dähnhardt 1910 [when all the birds were digging a pond to get water, the Kite refused to work; now he only drinks rainwater from the recesses on the rocks; screams, drink , and the other birds answer, You did nothing near the pond]: 314 (same as Gura 1997:554); Poles (Malopolska), Belarusians (Mogilev Gubernia, Polesie), Ukrainians (Polesie, Transcarpathia): Belova 1999 [Buzzard (kanya, Buteo buteo, hawkish birds) refused to help other birds dig a pond or riverbed (carry water to fill rivers and seas, clean springs); therefore God forbid he drinks from there, he drinks only rainwater]: 176; Slovaks [the birds came together to clean the springs; the Kite refused to come; he was forbidden to drink from rivers and wells, he must drink only rainwater]: Dä hnhardt 1910:313.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. The Avars [the birds decided to clear the lake; the Cuckoo replied that she did not want to get their feet dirty; the birds purified the water, forbidden the Cuckoo to use it; during the drought, the Cuckoo came to get water; agreed to her feet were always dirty; now she comes first to clean water bodies]: Atayev 1972, No. 20:28; varnishes [the birds decided to dig a ditch for drinking water, the cuckoo refused to work with everyone: her yellow the boots will get dirty; then a bird was put to the cuckoo to prevent it from drinking from the ditch; during a drought, the cuckoo cuckoo cuckoo cuckoo plaintively, praying to Allah for rain]: Khalidova 2012, No. 164:199-200 .
Iran - Central Asia. Tajiks (Samarkand District) [the woodpecker was a tanner and never participated in the construction of ditches; the mirab cursed him; so that when you walk past the ditch, you would go blind and suffer because of a drop of water! a tanner has become a woodpecker and knocks to get even a drop of water, flying from tree to tree to quench his thirst]: Amonov 196:45.
Baltoscandia. Latvians: Alksnite et al. 1958 [all animals are going to dig the Daugava; the Oriole refused, it has enough water that falls from the sky; the animals decided not to give it water that flows through the ground; therefore, during the dry season, the Oriole screams with thirst, Is it coming soon? ; when they dug, the Hare ran ahead, showing the way, so the channel winds; The mole dug the first furrow, he was awarded a black fur coat]: 92; Brivzemniax 1887, No. 37 [1) (Courland); God told all animals and birds should dig lakes and rivers; the plover refused - dew would be enough for him; 2) (Livonia); God ordered rivers to be dug and only the raven did nothing; then he smeared himself with mud, and the plover, on the contrary, washed his face; the raven gave the work of a plover For his own and Father, God forbade the plover to drink from the river; now he screams when it is not raining; God told the crow to remain black forever]: 41-42; Pogodin 1895 [two var.; when all the birds were digging rivers, Kanya (kite, Milvus) said that the water on the leaves and rocks is enough for him; God has forbidden him to drink from the river, so he is now screaming, Drinking, Drinking (German translation in Dähnhardt 1910:314)]: 439; Dä hnhardt 1910 [After creating the earth, God told birds and animals to dig rivers so that there was somewhere to drink; The Kite (Litus putuinis) refused, said that dew would be enough for him; God agreed; when it had not rained for a long time, Kite screams, Peel, saw (drop, drop)]: 314; Lives: Loorits 2000 (5): 168-169 [God gathered the creatures to dig a pond, otherwise there was no water; the Oriole refused to work, did not want to stain the beautiful outfit; God told her to drink only the water on the leaves; now she screams, rain, rain; the mole's daughter is dirty, the wolf has a black mouth, the bear also has a dark fur coat], 169 [1) the birds began to dig the river, only the gray thrush did not come; therefore, it is now allowed to drink only rain and dew; 2) birds dug the river where a mole dug underground; the oriole did not dig, now it is allowed to drink only rain and dew]; Estonians: Dähnhardt 1910:315 [1) My grandfather called all birds and animals to dig a well; the Oriole did not want to dirty its yellow robe; for this he can now only drink dew and rainwater; when after a long drought is going to rain, screams, Pihhhu ihhu, ilus ihhu ("The Oriole has a beautiful body"), and then Krää; 2) (Sangaste); all the birds decided to dig a stream to get drinking water; the Kite said he there is enough water on the leaves; the hare outlined the way for water, so the streams wind like a hare; the Kite screams plaintively in drought], 315-316 [(Estonka village, Samara Province); animals, birds and people have become dig a stream to get drinking water; the Hare outlined the direction, so the rivers wind; God noticed that Cancer and Kite are nowhere to be seen; therefore, the Kite drinks only rainwater], 316 [1) Tverskaya Gubernia; land water covered; God told all animals to dig rivers so that the water would come down; the Oriole refused, fearing to get her dress dirty; God told her to drink rainwater alone from the leaves; when there is no dew, the Oriole gives a voice; 2) Tartu ; when God told all animals to dig rivers, he did not work as a Nightjar, but looked at others while sitting on a tree; so God forbade him to drink from rivers; his servant Oriole also did not work and did the same punishment; 3) (according to Hurt); God told all animals to dig a lake; Curlew alone did not work; God made him not drink from the lakes he lives on, but drinks rainwater alone; 4) (according to Wiedemann); white The raven refused to help when the Universal Father was digging rivers; for this he dipped him in tar and made him black; the magpie was only warmed with an iron rod; the Raven has only one white feather to hide; it contains all the wisdom of the world], 316-317 (Tartu) [God told animals and birds to dig the riverbed; the hare showed the direction, the Fox ran after him, dragging his tail; God praised everyone, many were dark colored according to how they were smeared at work; God saw that there was no Cancer; he leaned out of the mud, asked where God's eyes were; God punished him by placing Cancer's eyes back; the Oriole did not work for fear of getting his pants dirty; God made them black, forbid her to drink from streams, let her drink drops on leaves], 317-318 [the ground was covered with water; the animals complained to God; he ordered her to dig channels to drain water; the hare outlined the direction, Cancer watched the depth; God was dissatisfied with the work of both, and put Cancer's eyes on the back of his head for a rude answer; those who did not participate in the work should not approach the river], 318 [1) God told animals, birds and fish to dig riverbeds; the Hare outlined the direction, the Fox dragged its tail with it; the Swallow and the Oriole did not work, God allowed them to drink only dew and raindrops from the surface of the leaves; Cancer did not work either, God put his eyes on the back of his head; 2) God told him to dig riverbeds to get drinking water; waterfowl worked the most, now they swim to their heart's content; The fox outlined the direction; Cancer and Oriole did not work, God put Cancer's eyes on the back of his head, told the Oriole to drink only dew and rain; 3) the frog worked harder than others on laying riverbeds, obtained permission to live in water; Cancer did not work, God put his eyes back] , 319 [1) Tver Gubernia; because the bear worked harder than others, God allowed him not to work at all for six months; 2) Viljandi; all birds and flowers dug the lake for drinking water; anemone (anemone) did not work , took care of her white dress while walking in the spruce forest; the Universal Father punished her that in summer, when all the flowers bloom, she would become invisible]; Normann, Lätt 1968 [animals and birds were thirsty, they were going to dig water bodies; the hare printed the direction, ran, winding, so the riverbeds were also winding; everyone looked around, so his eyes were still bulging out; the Oriole was afraid of getting dirty, refused to work; therefore, she is forbidden to drink from rivers, drinks only rainwater]: 79-80; Veps [when a hawk flies, it squeaks and asks for rain; 1) Shimozero and Belozersky Veps: all birds dug lakes and rivers, a hawk refused to work; for this, birds deprived him of the right to drink water from water bodies, he must be content with rainwater from the leaves; 2) Vologda Veps: The Creator, creating a river (or other reservoirs), called for bird help; everyone but the hawk responded; the Creator allowed him to drink only rainwater from aspen leaves; 3) Kapsha and Southern Veps: the hawk did not help the birds make the river, so he was forbidden to drink in Spasov fasting (about two weeks after August 19; this is according to Yermolov 1905 (3): 306)]: Vinokurova 2006:70-72.
Volga - Perm. Udmurta [there were no rivers or springs, God told Raven and Sarych to dig up the key; Sarych dug it up, but the Raven only interfered; she smeared herself in the mud, flew to God, said that she was the only one who worked; Sarych swam in a key, flew clean; God believed the Raven, cursed Sarych, now ordered him to drink only rainwater from the sky; when it does not rain for a long time, the sarich screams plaintively, asking God for rain]: Kelmakov 1978, No. 3:117; Chuvash: Sidorova 1979 [there was no water on earth, they only drank rainwater; everyone tried to get to the water, only Sarych succeeded; the crow saw the key, smeared herself in the mud, said to the man, that she found water; Sarych appeared clean, the man did not believe him, punished him, ordering him to drink only rainwater; when it doesn't rain for a long time, Sarych shouts, "Water, water," and the Crow croaks in front of the rain," Guard, don't! "] : 19 (=Eysin 1993:10-12, =Danilov, Nechaev 1975:125-126); Chuvash tales 1937 [after the creation of the world there was no water; everyone tried to find it; the hawk (shalanka is any bird of prey) dug for 7 days the ground, the spring clogged; the hawk began to clean off the dirt, only then flew to the Torah with the news; the crow deliberately smeared herself, flew in first, said that it was she who got the water; the Torah rewarded her, let her get it food is easy and does not bow its head to other birds; Tora did not believe the hawk, forbid drinking water from springs, let him drink only rainwater; the hawk cries in the rain, Shy-yiv, shy-iv! (the seam is "water" and the crow croaks; it is believed that the cry of a hawk and the croaking of a crow foreshadow rain; the plot is well known]: 265-266; marie [when God created the world, all living beings came to he should receive instructions and instructions; Sarich asked for a drink, God told him to dig a pond; he dug it, but the Raven swam in it, muddling the water; Sarych came again, but now God told him to drink rainwater alone; when it doesn't rain for a long time, the shed screams loudly]: Ödön 1937, No. 1:139; Mordovians [God tells every bird to dig a pond for a swim; everyone has dug up, Sarycha at this time he was not there, and when he came, he decided to deceive him; offered the Raven to swim before going to God, smeared himself with mud, told God that he had dug up the pond he had actually dug up A crow; God punished him by not drinking from rivers, lakes, and wells; since then Sarych has been drinking only raindrops and dew, and when it doesn't rain for a long time, he cries and asks God for water]: Deviatkina 2011:150.
(Wed. Southeast USA. African borrowing. Natchez [animals dig a well; Rabbit does not work but comes to drink; animals make a resin doll, the Rabbit hits it, sticks; after catching the Rabbit, although he is thrown into the fire, he replies that he is not afraid; pretends to be afraid of being thrown into the bush; he is thrown there, he runs away]: 258-259; teals: Mooney 1900, No. 21, var. 1 [in the drought, the animals decided to dig a well, the rabbit refused to work; seeing plump and cheerful, the fox and the wolf realized that he was stealing water; they put a resin wolf at the well; the rabbit stuck; ran away as soon as it was stuck], 21, var. 2 [in the drought, the animals decided to dig a well, the rabbit refused to work; seeing him fat and cheerful, the animals realized that he was stealing water; they put a resin wolf at the well; the rabbit stuck; the fox and the wolf began to think what to do with it; cut off their heads; rabbit: they did this to me more than once; this is how different methods of execution were tried; when they offered to throw the rabbit into the thickets, he pretended to be concerned; he was thrown into the thickets and ran away]: 271-272, 272- 273).