M157a4. Fishing on the mountain .13.-.16.22.23.26.-.34.

The character proves the absurdity of the other's statements, claiming that he (or someone else) was fishing on a mountain, extinguishing a fire with straw, sowing wheat in the sea, watching the flying fish, etc. (or he himself simulates such actions). The absurdity of the statements follows from the wrong locus or means for performing certain actions.

Aris, Afars, Berbers of Morocco, Kabilas, Italians (Tuscany), Portuguese, Spanish, Galicians, Catalans (Balearics), Basques, Ladins, French, Bretons, Flemish, Frisians, Dutch, Irish, Germans (Grimms), Burmese, Khmers, Viets, Sindhi, Kumaoni, Northern India (Hindi), Assamese, Sinhales, Oraons, Ho, Agaria, Gondas, Condas, Chinese, Hungarians, Croats, Romanians, Bulgarians, Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Russians (Perm, Saratov), Belarusians, Ukrainians (Poltava), Kalmyks, Adygs (Bzhedugs), Kabardians, Abkhazians, Ossetians, Balkarians, Ingush, Dargins, Georgians, Armenians, Turks, Kurds, Persians, Finns, Estonians, Setu, Karelians, Danes, Swedes, Western Sami (Sweden), Danes, Lithuanians, Kazan Tatars, Chuvash, Siberian Tatars.

Sudan-East Africa. Ari (ubamer) [the monkeys were people, Leopard's workers; he told them to build a fence by hammering stakes into the rock; Rabbit came and said he had sewed the land; Leopard: Can the land be sewn up? Rabbit: and driving stakes into a rock? The leopard killed the Rabbit, the monkeys asked whether to bury him in the ground or in the sky; the Leopard: in the sky; the monkeys stood on top of each other, the Rabbit's body was at the highest; the lowest one was hard, it moved, everyone fell into forest, turned into monkeys of various species, the rabbit was blown away by the wind]: Jensen 1959, No. 5:184; afars [the hyena found a bull and a knife, and the fox found a cow and a pile of reeds; then they changed {mistake; from later it is clear that the cow belongs to the fox}; the fox cow calved and the hyena stuck the placenta to its bull's belly; the chimpanzee judge, standing on a rock, began to draw water; if water could not be drawn from the stone, then the bull cannot calve either]: Reuss-Nliba, Reuss-Nliba 2016:20-22.

North Africa. Moroccan Berbers: Leguil 1988, No. 12 (western 1949) [the donkey owner and the camel owner stopped in the same caravanserai; both gave birth; the owner of the donkey brought the foal to suck it and said that it was his donkey who gave birth to the foal; king: what foal which female will follow, she gave birth to him; the foal followed the donkey; the king's wife taught the camel owner to say that he sowed rye near the seashore, and the fish went out and poisoned her; king: I can't fish poison rye; camel owner: and a donkey can't give birth to a camel]: 27-29; El Fasi, Dermenghem 1926 (Fez) [wife died during childbirth; gins took care of the girl, made a girl in three years, she all smarter; the sultan tells me to say what the wheel that raises water from the well says; daughter teaches her father to pronounce a poem; fire when it is filled with water (same); bring a vegetable garden on a camel; daughter sprouted various seeds in the ground laid on the saddle; come neither on horseback nor on foot, crying and laughing; daughter: sit on a little donkey, so your feet are on the ground; bow to your eyes, and laugh yourself; sultan married a girl; one man had a stallion, another had a mare; she gave birth to a foal; but when the stallion's owner entered the stable, the foal was near the stallion; who gave birth to him and whose is it? The sultan decided in favor of the stallion's owner; the Sultan's wife advises the owner of the mare to complain that the fish poisoned his bread; sultan: fish do not poison fields; man: stallions do not give birth; the sultan tells his wife return to her father, but she can take whatever she wants; she put sleeping pills, brought her husband to her place; he apologized and returned his wife]: 103-111; Kabili: Frobenius 1921a, No. 50 [agelitis ( the head of the village) demands to buy 1) a shadow, 2) false mules, otherwise she will cut off everyone's heads; the old man's daughter buys a hat and wooden shoes to walk in the mud; agelite requires you to guess what a tree with 12 branches is , 30 leaves each, 5 seeds on each leaf; girl: this is a year with 12 months, 30 days each, 5 prayers every day; agelitis tells you to come to the bazaar naked or dressed; daughter to father: wrap one the thigh is skin, and the others will not be there - they will be ashamed to come; the old man confesses to agelitis that it is not him, but his daughter, who is smart; agelitis will marry her; sent blacks to bring her fabrics, two pieces of each variety, and a multi-colored handkerchief - one; the girl took a thread of different colors, tied knots, ordered her to tell Agelitis that the fabrics in the sky, but here they had shrunk; agelitis understood everything, found the stolen goods, and beheaded the blacks; agelitis tells his wife not to interfere in affairs, otherwise she will send her back to her father; in the dark, the donkey did not approach the donkey, but the mulitsa, her owner said that it was the mulitsa who gave birth; the donkey's owner came to complain; because the donkey had lived with the mulitsa for a long time, he went to her, not to his mother, agelitis decided in favor of the owner of the mulitsa; Agelite's wife gave advice to the donkey owner: let him tell him how the fish came out of the river and ate wheat on field; agelitis: fish do not come out of the river; man: mulitsa cannot give birth; agelitis understood everything, told his wife to leave, taking the most precious thing; at night, the wife ordered her sleeping husband to be put in a chest and taken to her father; agelitis laughed and brought his wife back]: 256; Mammeri 1996, No. 2 [the king makes riddles, if no one answers in 8 days, he will execute everyone; the tree has 12 branches, each has 30 branches, each branch has 5 leaves; the youngest of 7 is the daughter of a coal miner to her father: a year; when he finds out who prompted him, the king wants to marry her; servants bring gifts and ask the youngest daughter; - Where is the father? - Went to pour water into the water. - Mother? - Went to see something I've never seen before. - Brothers? - We went to strike and receive blows. The daughter began to share the chicken between family members and guests; father - head, mother - back, sisters - wings, brothers - breast, royal servants - legs; asked to inform the king that there were not enough stars in the sky water in the sea, small feathers in the partridges; the king explained; the mother gave birth, the father was in a water mill, the younger brothers went to play with friends; sharing the rooster (understand; the brothers have a breast, because they defenders); the servants hid some of the jewelry (stars) and spirits (water in the sea); the king forgave the servants; after the wedding, he warned his wife not to interfere in his affairs, otherwise he would immediately send him back; the man tells how came to the city on a foal and the other on a mule; on the way he tried to make friends with the foal with the mule; sent him to find housing, and he took both animals away and put them up for sale; said that the foal gave birth to him mule; the judge ruled in favor of the owner of the mule; the king confirmed the decision when he saw that the mule was friends with the foal; the king's wife: Tell me in court that you sowed beans by the river, but the fish went out and ate it all; King: when is this If it happens, the world will end; foal owner: when will the mule give birth? Tsar: Who taught you? man: a voice from heaven; or from the terrace of the palace; the king allows his wife to take the dearest; she asks to share a meal with her for the last time; the king is drunk and fell asleep, the wife told the servants to immerse him with her things; when the king woke up, he ordered everything, including his wife, to be returned to the palace]: 25-42.

Southern Europe. Spaniards (Murcia) [one man's mare gave birth to a foal and the foal climbed under another man's horse; he demands a foal for himself; the Queen advises the victim to hit sea water with a stick to drive fish ashore; the king makes sure that since the fish cannot go ashore, the stallion could not give birth to a foal either]: Hernández Fernández 2013, No. 875E: 155; Galicians [the driver spent the night at the inn, ordered scrambled eggs; could not pay and promised to bring the money later; when I crossed the bridge, he always praised God, but also the devil; four years later he was back in the inn and was going to pay for that scrambled eggs; the hostess shouted that during that time those eggs would hatch into chickens, become chickens, bring more eggs, etc.; demanded a lot of money; hell promised to help; came to court and said that he was roasting chestnuts in order to grow trees from them; and since trees did not grow from roasted chestnuts, chickens would not hatch from scrambled eggs either]: Contos 1972, No. 150:140-142; Basques [The señor is looking for an intelligent girl to marry; he is advised by the daughter of a shoemaker; he tells her to come to him day or night, naked, dressed, neither on horseback nor on foot; she came riding a goat wrapped in goatskin at midnight sharp; the señor marries her on the condition that she will not use her intelligence to interfere in her own affairs; the shepherd's sheep hugged under the cart and its owner announced that he had given birth to a cart; since this man regularly supplied the senor with food and the shepherd was poor, the senor decided in favor of the owner of the cart; the senor's wife advised the shepherd to come to church with with a fishing rod and pretend to be fishing; tell the senor that it is no more surprising than getting the lamb off the cart; the senor found out who gave the advice, told his wife to leave that night, taking what she likes it provided that four men can carry it away; when her husband falls asleep, the wife told her to take the bed out and carry it to her father's house; explained to her awakened husband that he was what she wanted for her take the most; they returned to the castle and healed well]: Tenèze, Bru 2000, No. 875:39-41; Italians: Crane 1885, No. 108 [the prince got lost, went into the hunter's house, he has a wife, son and daughter; a rooster was stabbed to death; the prince gave his head to his master, his tail to his wife, his legs to his son, his wings to his daughter; at night he hears the girl explaining to her brother what such a division means; fell in love and, returning to the palace, sent to The servant to the girl, telling her to give the cake in the form of a full moon, 30 pies and a roast rooster and ask if the 30th day of the month is in the forest, if the moon is full and if the rooster screamed at night; the servant ate 15 pies on the way, part cake and rooster; the girl gave the answer: the moon is on the decline, which is only on the 15th, and the rooster went to the mill, and that she asks to forgive the servant for the partridge; prince to the servant: if the girl hadn't interceded to be hanged; the girl's father found a golden mortar and, contrary to her daughter's advice, gave it to the prince; he demanded a pestle; the peasant: my daughter warned me! the prince orders his daughter to prepare a large amount of fabric from a tiny amount of linen; the daughter weaved 4 laces, sent them to the prince and ordered them to be made a loom; the prince came to the girl when her the mother died and the father worked; she does not unlock; he broke the door; the girl replies that the father is where he should be, and the mother mourns her sins; the prince married a girl; one day a peasant came with a cart and another and a pregnant donkey; she gave birth while both were in church, and the donkey's owner tied her to the cart; the first peasant said his baby boy; prince: so it is, because it is more likely that the donkey's owner tied her to the cart than the cart's owner tying it to a donkey; the prince's wife advised the donkey's owner to throw a net in the middle of the square and tell the prince that it's easier to fish with square than a cart to give birth to a donkey; the prince tells his wife to take what she loves more and return to her father; she put sleeping pills in the prince's wine and took him to her place; explained that he is the most for her expensive; they reconciled]: 311-314; Calvino 1980, No. 72 (Tuscany) [=Kotrelev 1991:84-89; a peasant found a golden mortar, brought it to the king, he demanded a pestle; daughter Katerina warned him in advance that so will be; peasant: she guessed it! the king gives linen, let K. immediately weave shirts to the warriors; K.: three fires fell out of linen, let the king make a loom out of them; king: let him come naked, dressed, full, hungry, nor day, night, walk or horse; K. wrapped herself in a seine, ate one bean, came on a goat at dawn; the king married K.; ordered not to appear in court; if he broke the order, he would return to his father, having seized the most precious thing; the peasant tied the cow to the cart, the cow calved at night, the owner of the cart said that he had given birth to a cart; the king decided in favor of the owner of the cart; the queen advised the owner of the cow fishing with a seine in a dried lake: if the cart gives birth, the fish is also on land; at dinner, K. gave her husband a drink, ordered her to be carried to her father; told her husband that he was her dearest; the king returned wife and did not appear in court without her]: 261-266; Portuguese, Catalans (Balearics): Vries 1928:261-262; ladins [the poor man went to inherit; ordered two boiled ones at the tavern eggs, promising to pay on the way back when he received the inheritance; when he returned, the owner gave him a huge bill: the chickens would grow up, rush on their own, and these eggs would also make chickens, etc.; the lawyer came to court very late: he was going to sow millet and cooked seeds for sowing; neither can chickens get out of boiled eggs]: Decurtins, Brunold-Bigler 2002, No. 31:94-95.

Western Europe. The French [there are 600 records of the story 875 in Europe, the first most common; the example is the Basque version (apparently from French Baskonia), see above; {most likely there are French with this episode}]: Tenèze, Bru 2000, No. 875:41-44; Bretons [the sailor ordered 12 boiled eggs from the tavern, promising to pay a couple of years on the way back; when he brought his debt, the hostess began to count how many chickens would hatch during this time, they would grow up, new chickens in turn lay eggs; demanded a lot of money; St. Eve, promised to help; came to the end of the trial; said he checked the field where he sowed boiled beans; the hostess admitted that the eggs eaten by the sailor were also boiled]: Delarue, Tenèze 1985, No. 821B: 262-265; the Germans [the king gave the peasant a plot of land; he wants to give back a golden mortar he found in the meadow; the daughter advises not to do this - they will demand a pestle; and so it happened the peasant is imprisoned, regrets that he did not listen to his daughter, the king orders her to be brought; let her come naked, dressed, on horseback, on horseback, on a wagon, or by way, but still by road; the girl wrapped herself in a net, tied her to a donkey to drag her; the king married her, let her father go; the foal bothered the oxen, the peasants argued who gave birth to him, the king judged in favor of the ox owner; the mare's owner came to Queen; she advised him to fish with a net in the middle of the street; if oxen gave birth to a foal, then fish on land; the king tortured the peasant until he confessed that he had been told by the queen; the king drove him away wife, allowing him to take what is most expensive; she got him drunk and brought him home; the king celebrated the wedding again]: Grimm, Grimm 2003, No. 94:319-321 (=Grimm, Grimm 1987:261-263); Irish [ the peasant found a golden mortar: this is on royal land, we must give it back; daughter: no need, he will ask for a pest; but the peasant took the mortar; the king planted it on bread and water until he brought the pest; he groans constantly: why did he not listen to his daughter; the king demanded a daughter, he liked her mind; tells her to come naked and undressed, neither on horseback, nor on foot, nor in a wagon, nor on anyone's shoulders; she came on a donkey wrapped in a net; the king married her; seven years later two peasants arrived; one had a mare and a foal, the other had two oxen; the foal was between oxen and their owner claimed that the foal's parents are his oxen; the king agreed; the next day, the king went on business and came across the owner of the foal, who pretended to throw a net on a dusty road; since the foal was given birth oxen and fish live on land; three days without food, water or sleep, the man admitted that he had been taught by the queen; the king told her to leave, but she could take the most precious thing with her; she offered for the last time to feast together, the husband got drunk, fell asleep and she brought him to her father's house; the husband is the most precious thing; the king brought his wife back]: Kennedy 1875:91-94; the Irish [a beggar with a seven-year-old came to the master as a girl; gladly agreed to earn money by labor when the master offered him a house; the gentleman began to molest the girl and, in order to get rid of her father, asked him the question: there are more rivers in the world or shores; if he does not answer, he will be executed; the daughter advised me to say that each river has two banks; then: how many stars there are in the sky; man on the advice of his daughter: I will say if you put pillars under them; how much sea (in quarts); daughter to father: ask him to stop the rivers flowing into the sea; the master asks the girl to be his wife; she agrees that if he kicks her out, she will allow her to take three carts with him good; they got married, two children; one peasant has a stallion and the other has a mare; a foal was born, the owner of the stallion claims that he gave birth to a stallion; the gentleman offered to see who he would marry a foal from the stable; he went out for the stallion, the master decided in favor of the stallion's owner; the wife pretended to be fishing on the shore; the master got angry and told her to leave; the wife put her on two carts for her son and for her husband's third; he hugged her, everything is fine]: Larminie 1983:174-178; Flemish: Vries 1928:261-262; friezes [the sailor ordered 6 boiled eggs from the tavern, but forgot the money; the owner allowed pay later; the sailor went sailing, was captured by pirates, returned 5 years later; the owner demanded a lot of money: eggs would hatch chickens, become chickens, lay new eggs, etc.; after learning about Thus, a peasant comes to the judge and asks for permission to defend the sailor; but only he has little time: he has set the beans to cook, they will soon cook them, he will sow them; judge: they do not sow boiled beans; farmer: boiled eggs will not hatch chickens; sailor saved]: Mürk 2014:75-78; Dutch [sailor told a farmer how 5 years ago he ate 6 eggs in a tavern but could not pay; owner allowed him to pay when he returned; now he demands an incredible amount, assuming how many chickens would be born from these eggs, they would become chickens, they would have their own chickens, etc.; the peasant asks the judge if he can also insert the word, but only quickly: he has just cooked the beans, they must be sown; and if the boiled beans do not sprout, the chickens will not hatch from the boiled eggs either]: Soer 1979 : 82-84.

Burma - Indochina. Burmese: Aung 1957 [Foolish's mare gave birth to a foal, Smart's cow gave birth to a calf; Clever changed newborns; Rabbit promised to resolve the dispute, came late; explained that he had been flooding all day burning sandbank carrying water in a basket; Smart: it's a lie; Rabbit: cows don't give birth either]: 19-21; Kasevich, Osipov 1976, No. 85 [=Nikulin 1988:448-449; after the death of his parents, the brother took a bull, and sister cow; cow calved; brother took the calf away, put it under the bull; the judge reprimands the rabbit, who protects his sister, for being late; he justifies: the ground caught fire, he dragged water from the basket seas; the judge praised the rabbit and decided the case in favor of the sister]: 244-245; Khmer [one man set a trap under a tree and the other on a tree; this second pulled the deer out of the trap of the first, dragged it into his own; he gave some of the meat to the parrot judge, who decided in his favor; the hare promises to help; comes to the judge at the end of the hearing, says that he hesitated because he watched the fish fly and peck at tamarind leaves; parrot: this can't be the case; hare: deer don't fall into a tree trap either]: Gorgoniev 1973:147-150 (=Marunova 1972:111-113); Viets [one hunter set up a net on the ground and the other on top tree; when he saw the deer in the first's net, the second dragged it into his own; the judge did not listen to whether the deer could be on the tree - whose net, that's the prey; the hare undertakes to help; stayed, said he could not take your eyes off fish that ate tamarind flowers; the judge agreed that the deer could not get into the net in the tree either]: Vazhdaev 1982:104-108.

South Asia. Sindhi [cows were grazing in the grove; when the cow calved, the jackal ate the calf; the man was going to kill the jackal, he asked for mercy, he would repay kindly; the man's cow gave birth to a calf, he ran away The mullah put him to his bull as if the bull had given birth; those who came agreed; the man called the jackal his witness; he was late, pretended to fall asleep; he and the other jackals extinguished the burning one all night long river; king: you are lying! jackal: if the water does not burn, how can a bull give birth; the king gave a calf to a man]: Schimmel 1995, No. 33:214-216; Kumaoni [the wanderer spoke contemptuously of the fox, but she warned what else he had it would be useful; in the village he tied his pony to an oil mill; people said that their press gave birth to a pony; the man had to carry (so that dogs would not attack) a fox to court as a witness; the court began to doze: She extinguished the burning sea all night; the pressure can't give birth; the man got a pony back]: Upreti 1894:189; Uttar Pradesh (Hindi): Crooke 1895, No. 32 (Etah district) [14 pandits at court Rajas are jealous of Kali Das; Raja asks who his mare and cow will give birth to; K. replies that the mare will give birth to a foal and the cow to a calf; the pandits swapped newborns, Raja threw K. in dungeon; the parrot K. tells his wife to moisten the coal dust and smear his feathers, flies to the Raja; he is surprised: like a parrot, but black as a crow; the parrot explains that it extinguished the sea; Raja: the sea is not can burn; parrot: the mare still unable to give birth to a calf]: 30; Rouse, Crooke 1899, No. 4 (Mirzapur) [the merchant stayed overnight at the miller; in the morning he reported that the merchant's mule had run away; the merchant saw that he tied to a mill; miller: this is my mule, whom the mill gave birth at night; the jackal promises to resolve the dispute, only go to wash; came back in the evening and said that the water caught fire and he extinguished it; to the miller had to return the mule]: 21-24; the Assames [walking along the road, the prince came across a lying fox; asks to get off the road, but it does not pay attention; the prince spent the night with the oil cracker, tied his horse to press; in the morning, the owner says that the prince's horse is the foal of his crush; the king refuses to support the prince - he has no witnesses; the prince remembered the fox; the fox was lying in ash and came to court with late: extinguished the burning sea; the tsar sued the prince's horse]: Goswami 1960:81; Sinhales: Volkhonsky, Solntseva 1985, No. 46 [the servant bought a horse for the rich man; after spending the night near the oil press, tied it to the press; the owner of the press took the horse, said that his abs gave birth to it; the judge agreed; the jackal promised to help the servant; came to court two days later; one day looked at the sky (it is unreliable - sun, then rain), the second to the ground (the same - pits, hills), and today I looked at the fire, you can believe him; yawning because I did not sleep - watched the fish come out of the water, split into two teams, played on the plain; referee : this is a lie; jackal: but the press cannot give birth to a horse either; the judge returned the horse to the servant], 131 [the king sends letters, whoever does not answer what is in the letter cuts off his head; the daughter of the village chief explains; the king promises to marry her, demands to milk the bulls, make yogurt out of their milk, squeeze oil out of the sand; the daughter carries her father's dress to the laundress, says that her father is menstruating; the king: where is the butter in the sunflower flower; girl: where were you at the time of conception; the king married a girl]: 92-96, 316-317; ho [dakua (junior police rank) sees that his boss salutes another rank and realizes that the other is more important ; asks to be an assistant to this higher rank; in the same way he goes to serve the king; then to the fox when he thinks that the king has nodded to her; the fox is tired of the annoying servant, she gave him an ox in as a salary and told him to leave; for the night, the dakua tied the ox to the butter mill; its owner said that the ox gave birth to his butter mill; it came to the king, and the king sent for the fox; the fox pretends to struggling to sleep: the sea caught fire and she put it out all night; king: the sea can't burn; fox: an oil mill cannot give birth to an ox]: Halder 1918, No. 24:327-329; Agaria (Chokh) [jackal asked a man riding a horse to help him reach a dead calf lying in a stream; promised to repay kindly; the man helped the jackal; in town he tied a horse to a pole; the pole owner said that his pole gives birth to a horse every year, and this is his horse; everyone agrees with him; the jackal pretends to fall asleep in court: he did not sleep last night because the lake was burning and he ate fried fish all night; to him they say that lakes do not burn, he says that poles do not give birth either; man got his horse back]: Elwin 1944, No. 8.5:247-248; gondas [two given (demons) spent the night; at night a horse gave birth to one, and The foal climbed under the ox of another given; they argued who owned the foal; the tiger, the bear refused to solve such a difficult matter; the jackal: I don't have time, my water caught fire in the well; does the water not burn? the ox will never give birth to a foal; the Raja called the animals, put the jackal in a chair; the jackal's tail reached the ground; the Raja was indignant: I raised you for wisdom, and your tail was on the ground; shortened the jackal's tail]: Elwin 1949, No. 28:224-225; conds [the Mohammedan drove into the village for the night, tied a mare at the butter mill; she got necklaces; in the morning the owner of the press said that his press gave birth to a foal; it came before the trial; the fox was called to judge as the most knowledgeable; he rubs his eyes - he did not sleep at night, extinguished the sea with straw; the elders awarded the foal to Moghomethanin]: Schulze 1922, No. 15:87-88; Orahons [man bought at the ox market, on the way back he spent the night near the village, tying the oxen to a butter press; in the morning the owner said that his oxen were given birth to them by a press; the village council agreed with the owner; the jackal first asks why the person let dogs on him; then agrees to help; when he comes to the advice, he says that he was late: the pond was on fire, he collected and ate fried fish; he is objected, the jackal replies that he did not press They give birth to oxen; the owner took them]: Hahn 1906, No. 17:32-33.

China - Korea. Chinese [at the tavern, a peasant paid for 5 boiled eggs and gave the same amount for those he ate for free 25 years ago; owner: over the years, they could hatch many chickens and chickens they would lay mountains of eggs, we had to pay for everything; he took the peasant to court; he was late: my brother and I cooked peas and waited for them to cool down to sow; judge: boiled peas would not sprout; peasant: from boiled peas there will be no eggs]: Riftin 1957:126-128 (=Osipov, Riftin 1962:55-57).

The Balkans. Hungarians: Ortutai 1974, No. 44 [King Matyas demands that the stone be peeled off; the girl tells her father to ask for blood to be released from the stone first; the king gave two nuts: let the daughter come when the nuts are released sprouts; the girl realized that this is about breasts; the king tells you to make bonnets for the royal court out of two hemp stalks; the girl gives two chips to make a loom and a shuttle; the king tells you to come no way, neither without a road, nor naked, nor dressed, with or without a gift; the girl wrapped herself in a net, followed the donkey's trail, held on to the donkey's tail, gave a sparrow, he immediately flew away; the king married her; from the peasant a horse necklaces, a foal climbed under someone else's cart, the king awarded the cart owner; the wife tells him to pretend to fish in the field; the king tells her to leave, she asks permission take what he wants; she tells him to move the feather bed with the sleeping king; he faced off with his wife]: 412-414; Benedek 1884, No. 875 [the king tells his subjects to refresh the millstones; demands from the peasant who brought a golden mortar, bring a pestle to it; a rich and poor peasant quarrel, the king will decide in favor of someone who says that the world is the fastest, fattest and softest; intelligent girl: let the king first remove from millstone blood; warns the father in advance that the king will demand a pestle from him; says that the quickest thought, the fattest is the earth, the softest is the hand of man; the king tells the girl to weave a canvas from handfuls of threads; she asks that the king make a spindle and a spinning wheel out of a piece of wood; the king orders that the leaky jug be repaired so that no traces remain; girl: let the king first turn the jug inside out; the king tells the girl to come to him and not come, to come naked or dressed, not on a wagon, nor on foot (nor on horseback), nor on the road, nor on the road, with or without a gift, to greet him and not greet; the girl wrapped in a piece of cloth, rides a donkey or goat along the side of the road, bringing a bird hidden between two bowls, at dusk, bows to the king, but does not say a word; the king beret her wife on the condition that in his absence she will not interfere in affairs; otherwise she will leave the palace, but she can take the most precious thing with her; one person claims that the calf (foal) did not give birth to a cow ( the horse) of another, and his bull, or the owner of the cart, says that she gave birth; the king decides in favor of the owner of the bull (cart); the queen replies that her husband is not there - he chases fish from the millet field; or advises the victim in front of the king to fish in the sand; the Queen leaves, but takes with her the king, to whom she has given sleeping pills; when he wakes up, he returns his wife]: 388-390; Romanians [the poor dug make a hole in a dugout, and the neighbor's sheep fell there and died; the boyar does not know who is right; promises to decide in favor of the one who says the fattest, fastest, best; rich man: my pig, my horse, your judgment mercy; poor man: land, thought, truth; the boyar decides in favor of the poor; he admits that his daughter taught him; the boyar tells her to come naked, dressed, on horseback, on foot, on the road, or on the outskirts; the girl wrapped herself in a net, drove next to the road on a goat, dragging her legs along the ground; the boyar let the dogs down on her, but she released the cats, they chased them; the boyar married her on the condition that he did not interfered; one peasant borrowed a cart wheel from another; his mare necklaces; the other says his wheel was necklace; both came to the boyar; the wife says he went to watch, not whether the frogs ate corn; the peasants are surprised; the wife: the wheel still cannot give birth; the boyar tells his wife to leave, taking the most precious thing; she gave him drink, brought him to her father; said that he was the most precious to her; the boyar returned his wife]: Vazhdaev 1962:364-371; Bulgarians [the judge tells an intelligent girl to appear naked, dressed, barefoot, or shod, with a gift, or without a gift, neither on horseback nor on foot; she wrapped herself online, put on one leg, rode a goat or goat, brought two pigeons (hares) as a gift, which immediately flew away (ran away); the judge gave an egg to raise a chicken by morning; the girl gave millet - grow grain to feed the chicken; the judge marries the girl, orders him not to interfere in his affairs; in his absence, the wife resolves a dispute over who owns the foal born (calf, lamb): catches on a hill fish and says that since a male animal could give birth, the fish also live on the hill; a person who was required to peel off the skin from the stone is advised to offer to slaughter the stone first; when he learns that the wife does not complied with his demand, her husband tells her to leave, allowing her to take the most precious thing with him; she brings him sleeping to his parents' home; her husband returns his wife]: Daskalova-Perkovska et al. 1994, No. 875:303-304; Croats, Romanians: Vries 1928:261-263

Central Europe. Czechs: Nemtsova 1977 [Manka, the daughter of a poor brother, works for a rich man for a heifer; he does not want to give it back; the father went to the judge; he asks what is faster, sweeter and richer; M. tells me to answer like eye, sleep, earth; gets a heifer, but the judge tells his daughter to arrive night, day, dressed, naked, or on foot, or on a cart; M. put a bag, a stocking on one leg, a shoe on the other, at dawn rode a goat; the judge married her on the condition that she did not interfere in his affairs; one man brought a stallion, the other a mare, arguing whose foal; M. advises the owner of the mare to fish with a net on grief; if the stallion can necklace, then there is fish on the mountain; admitted to the judge that M. taught him; the husband tells his wife to leave, taking what is most important to her; M. gave him a drink, told him to go with the bed take her to his father's house; the judge forgave her and stayed with her]: 41-48; Talova 1956 [the shepherd found a golden mortar, the daughter advised her not to tell the king; the shepherd said, the king demanded a pestle; the shepherd : my daughter told me correctly; king: Let your clever daughter arrive neither on foot nor on horseback, naked, dressed, day, night, noon, or morning - then I will marry her and forgive her pest; daughter wrapped herself in the net sat on the goat, walking on the ground, arrived at dawn; the king married her, but promised to divorce if she gave advice to others; at the fair, the man's mare necklaced, the foal approached the man, who has a gelding; the king agreed: gave birth to gelding; the Queen advised the first man to fish on the road; "How could a gelding necklace"; the king drove his wife away, allowing him to take the most with him dear; she gave her husband a drink, brought her to her house, explained in the morning that he was the most precious thing; the king returned the queen to the palace]: 114-116; Slovaks [a rich peasant has 10 sows, and the poor peasant has 10 sows, and the poor - one thin mumps; she often goes to feed on a rich man; he hit her and killed her; the poor man complained to the local manager, the rich man filed a counterclaim - the poor man's pig ate him; the manager promised decide in favor of the one who says what is the fattest, fastest, cleanest; the wife of the rich man told her husband to say: our pig, which we fattened for three years, our horse, our well; the daughter of the poor man to the father: earth, moon (he goes around the earth and sky in four weeks), the sun; the manager rejected the rich man's lawsuit and gave the poor man his fat pig; but guessed that the answers were not invented by the poor man himself; gave a bunch of flax and told his daughter in three weeks of the day, process him and sew him a wedding shirt; in response, the girl sent a branch: to make all the weaving and spinning tools out of it; the manager told her to appear day, night, on foot, on horseback, or in the wagon, neither naked nor dressed, with or without a gift; she arrived at dawn riding a goat, dragging her legs, wrapped in a net, handed two turtles that immediately flew away; the manager takes her to wives with the condition not to interfere in his affairs; once a mare gave birth to one person, and a foal climbed under someone else's ox; the manager awarded it to the owner an ox; his wife advises the owner of the mare at sight the manager should start waving a sickle in the water and throwing a net on the shore; the manager gave him the foal, but told his wife to leave, allowing him to pick up the most precious thing; she gave him a drink and brought him to her father's house; When the husband woke up, the wife said that he was her dearest; the manager brought his wife back and took her father to live with him as well]: Dobšinský 1970, No. 37:199-203; Poles [1) peasant found a golden mortar in the field and, contrary to his daughter's warning, gave it to the king; he tells me to bring a golden pestle; 2) the judge asks what is more pleasant, stronger and richest; the daughter of a peasant: spring, winter, autumn; 3) the king (judge) marries a girl who fulfills absurd requirements; appear naked or dressed (wrapped in nets); get the chickens out of boiled eggs (let the king grow millet from boiled eggs) grains); the king (judge) marries a girl on the condition that she does not interfere in his affairs; she decides who should own the foal (advises the owner of the mare to sow boiled peas , fishing in the field); an angry husband tells his wife to return to his father, allowing him to take the most precious thing; she takes her sleeping husband; he forgives his wife]: Krzyżanowski 1962, No. 875:267-268; Russians ( Perm, Saratov), Ukrainians (Poltava), Belarusians: Vries 1928:261-263; Ukrainians (Poltava, Romensky U.) [The brothers go to the fair - the mare belongs to one, the cart to another. They leave the cart with the horse and leave when they return, they see a foal under the cart, argue whose it is (from a horse or a cart). They hire a lawyer to resolve the dispute, he says that crayfish from the river scattered and ate his millet, but his second brother does not believe him. The lawyer says that he also does not believe that a foal can be born from a cart]: Gnedich 1916, No. 1533:65-66.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Kalmyks [three brothers share property; sister advises the youngest to take only her and the black cow; only this cow is cash; older brothers complain to the khan that the division is unfair; khan: what is the most beautiful, sharp; older brothers: mother's dress, bay horse; sister teaches younger: the moon, but the sun is even more beautiful; the wind, but the thought is faster; the youngest has to admit that his sister taught him; the khan tells she should come and sit neither in the kibitka nor outside; her sister sat between the bars and the felt of the yurt; the khan married a girl; the merchant tied the mare to someone else's cart, the mare necklaces, the owner of the cart claims that a cart gave birth to him; the khan agreed, because the owner of the cart is his countryman; the wife tells the owner of the mare to ask the khan to weave a net to fish near the palace; khan: fish does not live on land; merchant: cart does not give birth; the khan makes him admit that he was taught by the khansha; the khan tells his wife to leave, taking the most precious thing; his wife gave him drink, took him to the steppe - he is the most important to her; the khan returned his wife]: Vatagin 1964:235-238; Abkhazians: Bgazhba 1983 [the poor man borrowed the bull from his neighbor, and when he returned it, he died a month later; the neighbor demands compensation; the judge asks questions; the poor man's daughter answers correctly: the fastest thought, the fatter all land, the sweetest dream; the judge refused the rich man, married the poor man's daughter on the condition that in his absence she would not judge people herself; the rider and the owner of the arba came; the rider's mare necklaces, the foal was under the arba, the owner of the arba said that it was given birth to an arba; the judge's wife: I was late because I was extinguishing a burning stream with dry leaves; debators: the fire is extinguished with water, not leaves; woman: and arba does not give birth; the judge tells his wife to take everything she needs and leave the house; she wants to have lunch with him first; she got drunk and brought him to her place; in the morning: you are most needed; they returned to the judge together]: 245-247; Khashba , Kukba 1935 [the prince tells the old man to slaughter a stone, peel it off, make a meal out of stone; the old man's daughter gives her father a knife: let the prince cut their throats with a stone; the prince married a girl; she turned out to be smarter than him and he decided to divorce her; forbid her to interfere in affairs; a guest arrived on a pregnant mare; she gave birth, the foal hid under the arch; its owner said that the foal had been given birth to an arba; they called the princess; she was late, said that the river caught fire and she extinguished it with dry leaves; the prince told his wife to leave, allowing him to pick up what she needed; she gave him a drink, took him in the arba to her relatives; when the prince overslept and found out what was going on, he returned his wife and lived happily with her]: 88-89; Adygi (bzhedugi) [the guest tied the horse to the owner's arba because the owners did not have horse riding; went to bed; at night a mare necklaces; in the morning the owner said that his arba had been necklace; gouache (Psha's wife, who went to the debators instead of him), listened to them and asked them to wait for her husband: he went to drive the sea fish off his millet field; how can fish come out of the sea? - Can an arba be necklaces? Pshi told how his wife resolved the dispute - she insulted her husband by interfering in men's affairs; he drove her away, allowing her to take whatever she looked at; his wife asked for an arrangement before leaving A seven-day feast; Pshi fell asleep, she brought him to her parents because she looked at it and did not need anything else; Pshi and his wife returned home]: Huth 1987:278-279; Kabardian residents: Aliyeva , Kardangushev 1977 [Bataraz's mare necklaced when he was visiting; the owner said that his arba and his foal were necklace; B. called the animals for advice; the hedgehog was the last, said that he was extinguishing hay fire in the mountains; in response to objections, he said that the arba could not necklace either; B. received a foal]: 111-112 (=Kapieva 1991:203-204); Kardanov 1961 [a rich man and a poor man spent the night in the inn; a mare the poor man gave birth to a foal, and the rich man says that an ox gave birth to him; the bear is a judge, gave the rich man a fox as protector and the poor man a hare; the fox decided in favor of the rich man; the hare came late: snow caught fire in the field, had to be extinguished with straw; the foal had to be given to the poor]: 131-133; Ossetians [two horsemen went hunting; at night, one mare necklace and the foal crawled under the gelding; these people went into one house to be judged; the hostess said that her husband went to the mountain, where they had a field and fish trampled on him every night; the gelding owner had to agree that the foal was not his]: Byazyrov 1972, No. 62:284-285; Balkarians [=Malkonduev 2017:622-624; the mare belongs to one and the cart to another; while the mare's owner went to get water, the mare got necklaces; the cart owner said his cart was necklace; the owner the carts took a fox as a witness, and the owner of the mare a hedgehog; the fox awarded the owner of the cart; the hedgehog came later than anyone else; said that he was late because it snowed deeply; fox: it's summer; hedgehog: since the cart could to give birth, why can't it snow in summer; the animals decided in favor of the mare's owner]: Aliyeva, Kholaev 1983:17-18; Ingush [the highlander came to the mullah, tied the mare to the van, she necklaced, the mullah said that his van gave birth to the foal; they sent for an intelligent man; he came late, said that the river caught fire, he extinguished it; since the river cannot burn, the van cannot give birth either]: Malsagov 1983, No. 103:254-255; Dargins: Aliyeva 2013, No. 10 [the rich brother gave the poor cow, later decided to take it away; he replied that the cow was his; the judge (talhat) promises a cow to whoever says the fattest, soft, tasty; poor man's daughter: answer that the ground, the flesh of the meat, sleep; the judge tells me to remove the chickens from a hundred eggs by tomorrow; the daughter made scrambled eggs from the eggs, and told the judge to sow millet and squeeze it tomorrow, to have something to feed the chickens; the judge came to the girl and found her kneading the dough; girl: May Allah punish the house where there are no ears; she is asked where to tie the horses - if you want to the plain, you want to the mountain ; then explains through his father: there must be a dog in the house that will warn about guests; horses can be tied to an arba or sleigh; the judge married a girl, ordering not to interfere in affairs; the owner of the cart and the mares argue who owns the foal born at night; the judge's wife: the sea is burning; since the sea cannot burn, the cart will not be necklace; the judge tells the wife to take what she wants and return to her parents; she brought him sleeping; the judge returned her]: 66-68; Osmanov 1963 [Khan married an intelligent girl on the condition that she would not give advice; but two people came, one mare, the other has a bull; at night a mare necklaces, and the foal was next to the bull; the owner of the bull said that the bull had given birth; the khan's wife: the sea is burning; since the sea cannot burn, the bull cannot necklace; the khan drove his wife away, but allowed him to take the most expensive; she took an ottoman with the khan sleeping; the khan returned his wife]: 38-39; Georgians [the peasant plowed, found a golden mortar; the daughter does not order to give it to the king, the peasant gave it, the king demands a pestle; the peasant laments, the king orders his clever daughter to be brought to him; tells her to arrive naked, undressed, neither on foot nor on horseback; the girl wrapped herself in a net, tied her to a donkey; the king returned the mortar, took girl as wife; shepherd's mare necklaces, another stole a foal, tied his bull to his leg; the king decided in favor of the thief; the wife advised the victim to start throwing a net in a dry place in front of the palace : If there are no fish on land, the bull did not give birth to a foal; the king decided to separate from his wife, but allowed him to take what was dear to her; she drank him, brought him to his father's houses: you are most important to me; the king did not separate from his wife]: Kurdovanidze 1988 (2), No. 109:189-193; Armenians [shepherds chose a king for fun; he is wise and fair; one man sent precious stones with another wife; he appropriated them and brought witnesses; the shepherd king asked witnesses to bring ordinary stones of the same size as the precious ones; each brought different ones, the thief had to more than return the stolen goods; the shepherd king asks his king dazzle to be completely impartial; to test the shepherd king, Jesus looked like an old man, drove past an old woman chasing calves; one of the calves followed him; the old man claimed that the calf gave birth to him mule (boat); shepherd king: I can't resolve the dispute today, the fish came out of the sea and ate my wheat; - Fish don't eat wheat; - But mules don't give birth to calves either]: Bogoyavlensky 1892b, No. 2 []: 78-82; Turks [merchant forgot to pay at the tavern for eating an egg; the owner demands a lot of money for a chicken that would hatch, become chicken and lay many eggs; at first no one can resolve the dispute; the child says that the egg boiled; padishah offers to grow crops from boiled grains]: Eberhard, Boratav 1953, No. 295:338; Kurds [the merchant sent a servant to buy 40 boiled eggs from the old woman, but forgot to give the money away; decided to let go they grow and then return them with interest; the old woman is happy; her neighbor persuaded her to demand much more: eggs would hatch chickens, chickens would bring others, etc.; Kazi told the merchant to give it all property; Balul-Zana ordered the merchant to start sowing boiled wheat in the kazi yard; Kazi admitted that chickens would not hatch from boiled eggs, the merchant regained all the goods]: Rudenko 1970, No. 34:84-85.

Iran - Central Asia. Persians [the man forgot to pay for 10 boiled eggs and a year later came to give the money; the owner of the tavern demands unthinkable money for chickens that would hatch from eggs and lay new eggs; man I agree to pay only if the cooked seeds germinate]: Marzolph 1984, № 821B: 147.

Baltoscandia. Estonians [the master wanted to take away the farm from the peasant; judge: let both come up with a riddle that they can't solve is right; the farmer's daughter tells the judge how old the sun is and how much it weighs moon; answer: the sun is one day every day, the moon weighs a pound, both have four quarters; when he learned that the question was invented by the peasant's daughter, the judge married her; a peasant's mare necklaces in the pasture another; he said that the foal was from his stallion; the judge decided in favor of the stallion's owner because he was his friend; the judge's wife advised the mare's owner to fish in the sand; the judge laughed the peasant explained the meaning; the judge threatened his wife to send her away, but she continued to interfere in his affairs; the judge ordered her to return to her father, allowing her to take the most precious thing; the wife called the guests and gave her husband a drink, brought him home; the judge asked for forgiveness and returned his wife]: Mälk et al 1967, No. 120:393-395; Seto [the king wants to marry an intelligent girl, none fit; the poor man's mare wandered into the royal field; the king demands to answer questions, otherwise he will not give up the mare and even beat; the daughter teaches to answer; 1) what size the moon is four quarters; 2) how much from earth to sky - on foot day and night; 3) what the fastest is a thought; the king returned the poor mare to the poor, came to his daughter; asks questions where her father, mother, brother, sister are; she answers with a mystery every time and explains it; the king tells her not to come to him naked and undressed, neither on foot nor on horseback, enter and not enter the house; the girl wrapped herself in a net, sat on a goat, walking on the ground with one foot, stepping over the threshold with one foot, not with the other; the king married on condition that the wife would not communicate with her parents and interfere in affairs; one day her father came to complain that his foal came to another man's stallion and he took him away; king: so the stallion gave birth; while the husband no, my wife went to her father, taught me to take the net and sieve, go to the king, start sifting the sand first through the net, then through a sieve; the king will ask, I must answer that I am fishing; king: does the fish live in sand? How can a stallion get a necklace? The king understood who had taught the poor man - his wife broke the agreement, let her leave, but she could take the most precious thing with her; when parting with his wife, the king held a feast; the wife offered her husband a glass of vodka to drink goodbye put a sleeping pill, brought it to her place; when he woke up, she said that it was her most precious thing, so she took it with her; the king took his wife back and had a feast again]: Vanahunt 2015:140-142; Karelians (South Karelia) [poor brother's horse, rich stallion; a foal was born at night, climbed under his rich brother's cart; he says that his cart was necklace; the tsar promises to judge brothers, if they answer that they are softer, sweeter, fattest; the godfather advises the rich to answer that our down jackets, grandson, pig; the seven-year-old daughter of the poor: her fists, sleep, land; the king sends her 500 eggs - let tomorrow there will be chickens; a seven-year-old tells the chickens to be sent millet so that they can be plowed, sown, compressed, threshed in a day, they will not eat anything else; King: let them appear neither dressed nor naked, nor on horseback, nor on foot, nor with with a gift, not without a gift; the seven-year-old wrapped herself in a net, sat on a hare, brought a quail, which immediately flew away; Seven years old: my father catches fish on the dry shore, I carry and cook on the hem; Tsar: it can't be; Seven years old: and the cart cannot be necklace; the king married a girl]: Konkka, Tupitsyn 1967, No. 46:343-347; Danes [the prince is handsome and smart; promises to marry only a girl who is neither smart nor smart; promises to marry only a girl who is neither smart nor smart He will not give in to beauty; once he got lost in the forest, went into a lonely poor house; there is the girl of his dreams; he goes home; after a while he returns for her and marries her on condition not to interfere in his affairs; once a peasant had a horse necklace in his inn; the foal stood up and found himself under the master's horse, not a mare; the prince, who had become king by that time, decided in favor of the master; The Queen advised me to fish in a dry place, where the king usually passes; the king understood everything and made the peasant say who taught him; told his wife to return to her parents, taking something with you what she cares the most; she did not argue, gave her husband a drink and brought her home; the king said his wife was even smarter than he thought, gave her back]: Grundtvig 1879:160-178; the Swedes [the poor man found gold in the field a mortar; the daughter advised not to take it to the king, but the father did not listen; the king demanded a pestle, put the poor man in a hole; he regrets out loud that he did not listen to his daughter; the king tells her to appear every day neither at night, nor on horseback, nor on foot, nor naked, nor dressed, nor on the road, nor near, nor full, nor on an empty stomach; after eating an onion at dawn, the girl wrapped herself in a fishing net, tied it to the horns of a bull, who dragged her along rut; the king let the poor man go, married his daughter; the man's mare necklaces, the foal stood next to another man's bull, who began to demand a foal for himself; the Queen advised the owner of the mare stand in a dry place with a fishing rod; he replies to the king that it is no more difficult to catch a fish on land than to necklace a bull; the king is angry with his wife, told him to go to his father, taking with him his favorite; The Queen had a drink with the king, adding a sleepy potion to him, took him to her father's house; in the morning she said that he was the most important to her; the king returned his wife to the palace]: Suritz 1991:148-149; Finns [two peasants They went to St. Petersburg on the same horse; the cart belonged to the rich, the horse to the poor; at rest, the horse gave birth, the foal climbed under the cart, the rich man says that his cart was necklace; they went to the emperor; the poor man's daughter advises her father to say that the cart can certainly give birth; his fish came out of the sea and ate bread in the field two versts from the shore; the emperor appreciated the answer and awarded the foal to the poor man, but ordered come day or night, not on foot or on a horse, not on the road or on the side of the road, not wearing a shirt or naked; the daughter tells you to wrap yourself in a net, sit on a goat and move along the ditch, show up at sunrise suns; the emperor sent the girl 10 boiled eggs to raise the chickens; she responded by sending steamed oats to sow the field to feed the chickens; the emperor sent 10 handfuls of linen to weave shirts for 300 soldiers; a girl sent a spruce branch to make a loom]: Konkka 1993:145-146; Western Sami (Sweden), Danes, Lithuanians: Vries 1928:261-263.

Volga - Perm. Tatars [the padishah feeds the poor man; he answers every time that he has eaten and continues to eat; the padishah orders to explain; the poor man's daughter filled the bucket with pebbles, then sand, then water - that's it fits; the padishah tells her to come neither hungry, nor full, nor naked, nor dressed, neither on horseback nor on foot; the daughter sews clothes for her father from the net, puts seeds into her pocket, puts them on a goat; the padishah gives less coil thread, tells me to sew a shirt and pants; the old man's daughter handed a twig: let the padishah make a loom; the padishah gave a ram - let him hug tomorrow; the padishah came himself; daughter: father gives birth in the bathhouse; padishah married a girl; tells him not to decide anything in his absence; three beggars came; the mare got necklaces alone, but blood fell on the cart; the owner says she gave birth to a cart, the owner of the bag was like a bag; the wife padishah: he went to guard the wheat, which was poisoned by the fish; the padishah returned, telling his wife to leave, taking with him what she wanted; she gave him drink, took him to her place; explained that she wanted him; the padishah told return home]: Zamaletdinov 2010, No. 24:85-91; Chuvash: Vries 1928:261-263.

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Siberian Tatars [the judge tells his wife not to judge without him; one man came riding a mare, behind a foal; the other is on a cart; the foal caught up with the cart, its owner said that it was necklace; went to the judge; wife: he went to the place where the fish leaves the lake and eats bread in the fields; the owner of the cart: it can't be; the wife: and the cart cannot give birth; the judge told the wife to leave, I agree to do the last request; the wife asks for permission to pick up what she likes; gave her husband a drink, brought her home in a chest; the husband returned home with his wife]: Lukina 2004, No. 4. 10:92-93.