M184. Slow ahead of sleep, ATU 275A.
.11.-.13.15.-.17.20.21.25.-.29.38. (.44.52.)
Thefast-footed and slow characters agree to race. The quick-footed is confident in victory and is in no hurry, and the slow one stubbornly moves towards the goal and comes first.
Tonga [crab and hare], hausa [turtle and hare], sarah [turtle and wind], tiger [turtle (?) and hare], Beja [tortoise and hare], Portuguese [toad and hare; tortoise and hare], Catalans [turtle and hare], Spanish [turtle and hare?] , Italians (Valle d'Aosto, Rome) [hare and snail, hare and turtle], Corsicans [hedgehog and fox], ladins [snail and foal], Flemish [toad and hare], Friezes [snail (turtle) and hare], Arameans [hedgehog and hare], Niue [ hermit cancer and plover], Tibetans [?] , Meitei [tortoise and hare], Tagals [snail and deer], Chinese [frog participating], Chinese (Shanxi), Chinese (Hebei) [turtle and hare] (?) , Ancient Greece [turtle and hare], Albanians [turtle and hare], Bulgarians [hedgehog and fox], Russian written tradition [turtle and hare], Ingush [turtle and hare], Armenians [turtle and horse], Turks [turtle and hare] hare], Estonians [hedgehog and hare], Japanese (west Kyushu) [louse and flea; snail and centipede], (ojibwa [turtle and rabbit], chol [turtle and deer]).
Bantu-speaking Africa. Tonga [the crab and hare agreed to race; the hare fell asleep and the crab got to the goal, though slowly]: Fell 1925, No. 7:21ff in Klipple 1992:390.
West Africa. Senufo [animals under the guidance of a lion raised sorghum (mil), but it's impossible to blow it - there is no wind; Koutiélo consistently sends a hare, a hyena, and everyone else to the mistress of the sky; every time K. gives the wind and the messenger gets a head start, but each time the wind breaks forward and returns to K.; the turtle was given a big head start, and the wind was so sure of victory that the turtle was the first to get there; for this she was given a bull; but she cannot slaughter it herself; the bull was killed by a hyena; then the hyena's wife, each time dressed like a different woman, came up and received a piece of meat as a gift; only giblets and liver; the oldest turtle tasted and pretended to die of poison; the hyena rushed to his wife and told her to throw away all the meat; the turtles got the meat]: Pinguilly 1997, No. 3:41-51; hausa [hare and the turtle went to visit; the hare offered to go apart; ran past the turtle, fell asleep; in the morning he saw a turtle returning: the holiday was over]: Laptukhin 1964:21-22.
Sudan - East Africa. Beja [the hare invited the turtle to race; the winner will receive a basket of fruit; the turtle stubbornly walked to the top of the hill, and the hare rode laughing; when he rushed after the turtle, it was already eating fruits]: Katsnelson 1968:129 (quoted in Permyakov 1972:59); tiger [turtle {kite, but clearly not a hawk here, but a slow animal} and the hare decided to race to the top of the mountain; the turtle immediately But she set off, and the hare was confident of success, began to play; when he saw that the turtle had almost reached its goal, he followed, but it was too late; the turtle won]: Beaton 1947, No. 5:148.
Southern Europe. The Portuguese [toad and hare agree to race; the hare is sure of victory, goes to bed, the toad comes to the finish line]: Cardigos 2006, No. 275A: 50; the Portuguese [the hare and the turtle agreed to race; the hare is confident in victory, goes to rest twice; the turtle is faster than him]: Dias Marques 2019, No. 91:134; the Catalans [the hare and the turtle agree to run racing; the turtle slowly goes to the goal, and the hare eats vegetables in the garden all day long; then his stomach is upset; then he gets lost; then he was invited to visit by an old hare, it was uncomfortable to refuse; the turtle came first; the same Spaniards (version 1)]: Camarena, Chevalier 1997, No. 275A: 405-407; Italians (Valle d'Aosta, Rome) [hare and turtle, hare and snail]: Cirese, Serafini 1975, No. 275A: 38; the Corsicans [godfather Fox and godfather Hedgehog sowed wheat together; only the Hedgehog worked, and the Fox demanded to divide the harvest; then offered to race: whoever reaches the current will be the first to get everything; the Fox lay down to sleep, and the Hedgehog walked all night and hid under the grain measure; the fox ran, sat down in moderation, bragged; but the Hedgehog got up and knocked down the Fox; the Hedgehog took the grain, and the Fox took the straw; the donkey asked for it; the fox agreed provided that the Donkey would give him one eye; then the other; drove the Donkey down the bad road, he fell, died; the Ravens flew; the fox asked him to take a ride; he was understood in the air and thrown, he fell into the garden, with his back on a stick, beans curl over the bark; persuaded the woman to take it off, promising to watch her baby for a year; but when free, he ran away]: Massignon 1984, No. 5:10-12; ladins [snail and the foal agreed to run up the slope; the foal rushed back and forth, and the snail crawled stubbornly; when the foal reached the finish hut, the snail called out to him from the roof: Ich bin Käser und Käserlein!] : Decurtins, Brunold-Bigler 2002, No. 95:254.
Western Europe. Friezes [a hare and a snail (or a turtle) agree to race; a hare confident in victory goes to rest, the snail (turtle) is the first to reach the goal]: Kooi 1984, No. 275A: 306; Flemish [the hare and the toad agree to race; the hare is confident of victory, goes to bed, the toad comes to the finish]: Meyer 1968, No. 275A: 30.
Western Asia. The Arameans [the hedgehog and the hare competed in the run; the hare was confident of victory and slept all day, and the hedgehog reached the finish line and won]: Belov, Wilsker 1960:162-163 (=1972:362).
Micronesia-Polynesia. Niue: Polinskaya 1986, No. 143 [the plover and the hermit crab agreed that whoever reaches first will master the sea and coastal lands; the plover fell asleep, and the hermit cancer has reached; since then, the plows they stand on the coastal cliffs, they did not get any other land], 144 [the plover calls the hermit crayfish lazy, he offers to run from the forest to the reef; the plover meets a rat, a starling, a dog, invites see a funny sight; when they come to the shore, the cancer is already there, tells the rye not to go to the reef, but to sit on the coastal cliffs]: 291, 291-293.
Tibet is the Northeast of India. Tibetans: Ting 1978, No. 275; Meitei [the hare brags that he will easily overtake the turtle; after fleeing and losing sight of the turtle, he decided to lie down; during this time, the turtle reached its goal]: Oinam et al. s.a.
Taiwan-Philippines. Tagaly [the deer speaks contemptuously of the snail, it offers to race; the deer took his time, fell asleep, the snail was ahead of him]: Rybkin 1975, No. 122:276-277.
China - Korea. Chinese: Ting 1978, No. 275 {several Chinese sources are cited; it is highly likely that it is Chinese, not minorities}; Chinese (Shanxi, Wu. Zhangzi) [The Fire Lord married the daughter of the deity of the Chishui River; son Yanju and daughters Yaoji and Nuiwa were born; Y. was beautiful and kind, and she was married to Rain Lord Chisong Tzu; he abandoned her, and she died of resentment; turned into yaosao grass on the shore of the Jade Pond (Yaochi) on Mount Kunlun; any girl smells it becomes gentle and beautiful; the youngest Nuiwa loved the Great Sea; once drowned; her mother fell ill and died; N.'s soul turned into a bird that swore to raze the sea to the ground; every evening she shouted: Jingwei! Jingwei! , people called her that; she flew to Mount Fajiu, picked up dry branches and pebbles in her beak, threw them into the sea; the souls of her mother and sister helped dig stones on the mountain, a large hole formed there, and a pond Four Stars (Sysin); the Jade Lord made mother and daughters goddesses and commanded the spirit of Venus to build a temple in their honor near the pond; he did not know which goddess to give the main place in the temple I decided to organize a competition: which goddess will be the first to get from the village of Kansi ("Looking at the Temple") to Lake Four Stars on Mount Fajiu, she will be in the central place; and sat on a bay horse, Yaoji was on a black mule, and N. got a gray donkey, she was driving behind; the mule gave birth to a foal on the way, I angrily pulled out his uterus, and since then the mules have no offspring; I walked; my mother tore up her skirt was thorns, sat down to sew up; seeing that her daughter was far behind, she went to bed; when she woke up, N. had already reached the pond, I. Soon too; therefore, in the center of the hall there is a sculpture of N., and her sister and mother on the sides; The stone on which N.'s mother fell asleep is called Grandma's couch]: Zhou Yang et al. 1999, No. 8:11-12; Chinese (Hebei, wu. Funing, d. Jiuxian, 2005) {the topic of "running competition" is not over, but it is very likely that this is a fragment of a separate story about a competition between a hare that ran but fell asleep and a turtle that stubbornly went to the goal} [mountain Tuershan looks like two bunny ears in profile, and there are always bright clouds above her; after Chang'e stole Howie's elixir of immortality, she flew to the Moon Palace, where she often talked about the world of people with the Jade Hare, who was preparing drugs; the hare wanted to visit this world, and one day, taking a jade pestle with him, he slipped out of the palace; on the evangelical clouds he flew to areas south of Funing; stayed by the clear waters of Yanghe, with fragrant grass and flowers along the banks; one day a turtle came out of the water; the hare came to knock on the shell with a pestle; the turtle liked it:" Hey, sucker, can't you see grandpa's shell is itchy, come knock on it {more}!" Hare: "What kind of grandfather are you?" Turtle: "Millennial Prince, Eternal Turtle, I overestimated you by calling myself your grandfather"; at that moment, the pestle crushed the turtle's shell, its eyes almost came out of its orbits; the turtle realized that the hare - celestial, and asked for mercy; the hare removed the pestle, began to boast of the splendor of heaven; the turtle listened to how large the Heavenly River was, and decided to practice Taoism until, with the help of a hare, he was in waters of the Sky River"; offered to compete in running; if the hare wins, she will give him 3 gems; the hare laughed at the turtle and rushed like the wind; between Jiuxian and Xitaoyuan he waited a turtle; then stuck the pestle in the ground and fell asleep; at which time Chang'e discovered that it had disappeared and told Wu Gang (he always cuts a tree on the moon) to go in search; flying over the place where the mountain is now Tuershan, he noticed a pestle, went down; pointed his finger at the sky and the spirit of the Jade Hare flew back to the moon, and his body turned into a mountain; in the sky, the hare found that he was not carrying a pistil, flew back; But Wu Gang had already cut off the head of the pistil with an ax; flew to heaven, and his body turned into stone, remaining next to the hare's pestle; the turtle crawled to the hare all this time to give him what he had promised treasures; she was hit by a spell that Wu Gang cast at a hare and turned into a stone, and the three gems she carried became ordinary stones too]: Bai Gengsheng 2007a: 148-150.
The Balkans. Ancient Greece [the turtle and the hare argue who is faster; they agree to race; the hare, relying on natural speed, falls asleep at the side of the road; the turtle runs non-stop, wins]: Gasparov 1968, No. 226:128 (retelling in Dähnhardt 1912:46); Albanians [the hare laughs at the turtle's clumsiness; offers to race; goes to bed and the turtle reaches its goal, hare admits defeat]: Serkova 1989:209; Bulgarians [fox and hedgehog share the harvest; to get everything, the fox offers to race; the hedgehog clings to its tail, wins]: Daskalova-Perkovska et al. 1994, No. 275:85-86.
Central Europe. Russian written tradition: Tarkovsky, Tarkovskaya 2005, No. 115 ["The Spectacle of Human Life" by A.A. Vinius (1674, dozens of copies of the last quarter of the 17th century, printed edition of 1712, read and rewritten in the same 18th century), which is a translation and retelling of the collection of fables "Theatrum Morum", published by E. As a Sadeler in 1608 in Prague in German: the turtle and the hare argued who would be the first to reach the city the next day; the hare laughed at the turtle and decided to start fleeing at midnight; the turtle was walking all night in a row and came to the city earlier]; No. 136 ["Jesop" by Simbirsk captain Pyotr Kashinsky (1675, of the two surviving lists, one dates back to 1684 and the other to the first third of the 18th century), which consists of three books and is a free translation of fables from the collection "Przypowieśći Aezopowe, z Łacińskiego na Polskie z pilnośćiů przełozone. Przydane sω k temu przypowieśći z Gabryela Greka y Laurenthego Abstemiusa", published in Krakow around 1600: the hare mocked the turtle and boasted to it of his agility; the turtle I argued with him who would reach the goal first; the fox was chosen as the judge; after the competition began, the hare, hoping for his feet, decided to rest and eventually fell asleep; the turtle, meanwhile, reached the goal (Book 1: The Parable of Jesop Franzky)]; No. 21 ["Wise Lochmon Amazing Warehouses and Examples" (the last third of the 17th century, at least two lists - the end of the 17th century and the first quarter of the 18th century), which are Saadi's translation of Persianisches Rosenthal, published by A. Oleary in 1647 in Schleswig: the hare and the turtle decided to find out which of them would reach the mountain faster; the hare decided that it would be easy to win, lay down and went to bed; the turtle did not rest and crawled hard; in the end I got to the mountain while the hare was still sleeping]: 355, 405, 449.
Caucasus - Asia Minor. The Ingush [the turtle and the hare argued who would run the clearing faster; the hare went to rest, and the turtle, though slowly, was the first to cover the distance]: Kapiyeva 1991:172 (=Kibiev, Malsagov 1965:20; = Malsagov 1983, No. 126:273, =Sadulayev 2004, No. 26:67); Armenians [the horse and the turtle agreed to race; by the beginning of the competition, the lazy horse had lost its strength, the turtle was training hard and came first]: Orbeli 1956, No. 97:108 (=Dähnhardt 1912:47-48); Turks [the hare and the turtle decided to race; the hare was confident of success and dozed off; the turtle reached the goal]: Dor 2002, No. 11: 42.
Baltoscandia. Estonians [the hare tells the hedgehog that he is training running; the hedgehog: I have already trained; the hare offers to race; decides to rest, overslept until the evening; during this time the hedgehog reached the goal; since then since the hare avoids the hedgehog]: Jakobson 1954:22-24.
Japan. Japanese (2 entries in western Kyushu) [a flea and a louse go to worship at Sanno Shrine (in Nagasaki); the flea falls asleep on the way, the louse comes first; the god Sanno touches the lice with a brush, a spot on his back stays; the centipede and the snail decide to compete in the race; while the centipede sleeps, the snail crawls to the finish line]: Ikeda 1971, #275A: 63.
(Wed. The Midwest. The Indians do not consider this story their own (p.41). Ojibwa [the turtle and rabbit agreed to race; the rabbit fell asleep and the turtle finished first]: Coleman et al. 1971:41-42).
(Wed. Mesoamerica Chol [the turtle and the deer agreed to race; the deer was tired, lay down and fell asleep confident of victory; at this time the turtle slowly made it to the finish]: Hopkins, Josserand 2016:62-66).