M30C. He falls, breaking the ban.

.12.15.16.21.-.23.28.33.38.43.-.45.50.62.

A character flying through the air falls, violating the ban on talking, looking down, flying over villages, etc. (The character is not dropped by the person carrying it and flies above the ground, not descends from the sky or rises to the sky).

Engenny, Spaniards, Portuguese, Catalans, Maltese, Tibetans, Tibetans (Amdo), Thais, Viets, Khmers, Ancient India, Oriya, Russian written tradition, Kazakhs, Karakalpaks, Khalha- Mongols, Oirats (?) , Mongors, Japanese, Upper Chehalis, Menominee, Western and Eastern Ojibwa, Northern Ojibwa, Western and Eastern Swamp Cree, Algonquins, Steppe Cree, Montagne, Nascapi, Hicarilla, Lipan, Yukuna.

West Africa. Engenny [starved, the Turtle asks the birds to move it to where it is satisfying; invites them to hold the ends of the twig, and she grabs a twig in the middle; when she lies, she thinks she is king, screams about it seeing people, it falls, cracks in the shell are still visible]: Anpetkova-Sharova 2010:63-64.

Southern Europe. The Spaniards [it's a shame that the turtle is awkward, it wants to fly; two storks felt sorry for her and promised to help her; the turtle: at least a little bit, across the river; storks told it to hold the middle of the stick, and they themselves took the ends of the stick in their beaks and flew; turtle: I'm like you with wings; saying this, I fell to the very depths]: Camarena, Chevalier 1997, No. 225A: 366-367; Portuguese [literary version 15th c. (Fabulario Portugês 1903, XIV, 113)]: Cardigos 2006, No. 225A: 48; Catalans: Neugaard 1993, J567.2 in Uther 2004 (1), No. 225A: 143-144 (not available in Oriol, Pujol 2008); Maltese [in drought birds decide to fly to another country; the turtle asks to take it with them, promises to be silent; the birds carry the wand that the turtle holds on to; the people below laugh, the turtle wants to answer, falls, crashes]: Mifsud-Chircop 1978, No. 225:17

Tibet is the Northeast of India. Tibet [the story of a turtle releasing a stick for which geese carried it is known in Tibetan texts]: Yeongdong 1989, No. 25:119-121; Tibetans (Amdo): Tshe dbang rdo rje et al. 2007:31 [two storks and a turtle lived by a pond that was beginning to dry out; the turtle suggested that the Storks take the ends of the stick in their beaks, it would cling to the middle, they would carry it; below, the children began to scream what clever storks; The turtle shouted that it was her idea and fell], 151 [two lazy people decide to go to heaven where they don't have to work; they climb into the eagle's nest, one grabs the eagle by the leg, the other grabs a friend's leg; an eagle carries them; one asks if it is far from paradise, he replies that he already sees a hole in the sky leading there; wants to show how big it is, lets the eagle go; both lazy people fell and crashed].

Burma - Indochina. Thais [the turtle asks two swans to show her the lake on the mountain; they ask her to hold on to the wand, the ends of which they have taken in their beaks, tell her to remain silent along the way; the jackal deliberately mocks as a turtle, she wants to answer, falls, the jackal ate it]: Kornev 1963:151-152; the Viets [the evil woman became a turtle after rebirth; two herons flew to the pond, she began to swear; they said that the pond would dry out, they offered to take it to another; let him gnaw off each of them on the wing, hold a wand in the middle, and they would hold it around the edges; flying over the people, the turtle could not restrain herself, began to scold them, fell]: Landes 1886, No. 79:197-198; Khmers [Monkeys invite the Turtle to the wedding; offer to hold on to the wand they raise to the ends; the turtle answers the greeting, opens his mouth, falls]: Gorgoniev 1973:96-97.

South Asia. Jataka 215 [two Geese invite the Turtle to visit their house; carry a stick to both ends, the Turtle holds on to the middle; the boys scream, the Turtle answers them, falls, breaks]: Syrkin 1964: 46-47; Panchatantra [in drought, two geese decide to leave a dry pond; a turtle asks to take it with them; they fly with a wand in their beaks, the turtle clings to it with its mouth; asks geese what people scream on the ground, immediately fall, people kill it]: Syrkin 1962:141-143; Ocean of Tales [two Swans decide to leave the parched lake, fly to another; the Turtle asks to take it with them; they they fly with a wand in their beaks, the Turtle clings to it with its mouth; Swans asks what people are screaming about on the ground, immediately falls, people kill it]: Tawney, Penzer 1926a, No. 84gg: 55-56; baiga [fox He admires how cleverly the crane pulls the giblets out of the bodies of fallen animals with the key; he replies that Bhagavan himself taught him; the fox asks him to be taken to B.; the crane tells him to hold on to his legs and not look down; the fox looks, falls into a half-dried pond, only its tail and hind legs stick out of the mud; Ahir herded cattle nearby, decided that the dog was in the mud, pulled it out; fox: why did he prevent me from getting the rupee from the bottom, I'll call you right now his tiger uncle; ahir agreed to give the fox his daughter and calf for a feast, tied them both to a tree; but the calf hit the fox with his hoof; the fox to the girl: it was me who tumbled over to scratch my back; at night, the fox brought chicken and fire, lay down with the girl, but did nothing to her; threatened to call the tiger if she did not allow it; she allowed it, but he scratched her; she screamed, the tiger came; the fox: I cooked you have a calf; the tiger sent the fox to wash your stomach, the fox hid half; the tiger wanted to eat the girl, the fox persuaded her not to do it; they went to drink, the fox began to eat its hidden stomach, said he was eating his own; the tiger asked him to teach him; the fox tied him, pulled out his insides, began to eat and gave it to the tiger; but he died of pain; the fox climbed into the tiger's carcass and could not get back; the young man Baiga saw The attached girl was first mistaken for an old woman, but still decided to get along with her; she told her to feed and drink first; married a young man]: Elwin 1939, No. III: 485-486; oriya [the pond dried up, the turtle asks the crows to move it to another; they fly, holding the wand by the ends, and the turtle in the middle; the boys shout: let it fall, eat it; the turtle scolds the boys and falls]: Mohanti 1975:72.

Central Europe. Russian written tradition [the Bulgarian-Russian version of the Greek Stefanite and Ikhnilat, which is a rework of Kalila and Dimna (Synodal List of 1478): two dives and a turtle lived in one body of water; when the water in it ran out, the divers decided to fly away; the turtle begged them to take it with them; the divers promised it that it would not say anything until they carried it; then told her to eat a straight tree in the middle; when the turtle did, the dives grabbed the ends of the tree and lifted it into the air; people walking below saw the turtle flying between the dives, and they said it was a miracle and a sign; the turtle opened its mouth to respond to their words, and as a result crashed to the ground]: Likhachev et al. 2003:232-235.

Turkestan. Kazakhs: Kaskabasov et al. 1979, No. 104 [(=Sidelnikov 1971 (3): 185-186); the water in the lake falls, the Frog asks the Ducks to take it with them; they carry it on a plaque, tell them not to scream; the Frog croaks over the village, people throw stones at the Ducks, they drop the Frog], 105 [The frog asks two Geese not to drink from its lake, or it will dry out; they suggest moving it to another, holding on to the middle of the stick; flying over the village, hears people arguing whether geese carry a frog or something else; shouts, "I'm a frog", falls]: 189-190, 191-192; Karakalpaks (Kegeli district) [two ducks and a frog lived on the lake; water dried up; the ducks decided to fly away; the frog began to lament and cry; the ducks agreed to carry it with a blade of grass; they took an oath from the frog that it would not speak; then they picked it one by one the end of the blade of grass, the other after the other, let the frog grab hold of the middle and flew; people in the steppe said, "We should be surprised how (this) these two ducks fly, picking up the frog [so] deftly"; the frog said:" To make it empty for those who did not see this flight of mine", unhooked the blade of grass and fell to the ground]: Baskakov 1951, No. 2:201-202.

Southern Siberia - Mongolia. Mongols: Yongdong 1989, No. 25 [the story of a turtle that let a stick out of its mouth for which geese carried it is known in Mongolia, including in proverbs]: 119-121; Potanin 1893, No. 2 [Khan-Hurmusten- Khan promises to give his daughter for the bird that rises above everyone else and whose song he hears first; the Kite takes off, the Bat sits quietly on his back; when H. asks who is closest to him, The Bat answers; when the Kite hears her voice, he drops her; when falling, the Bat screams, Soft Earth! ]: 343; Ikeda 1971 [see Japanese (Turtle flies with Ducks); modern Mongolian version in Mookyoo Bungaku, 1942, v. 2:5., 58]: 54; Oirats (Xinjiang) [motif M30D {and probably the M30C motif} corresponds to the fairy tale "Goose and the Turtle" from the collection "Betege caγān boqširγ", published in 1981 in Urumqi in the Xinjiang Oirat Folklore series {without details; original verification required}]: Ubushiyeva, Damrinjav 2020:15; Mongors [A frog jumped into a puddle left by a cow's hoof; asks two migratory birds if the lake is bigger, where they came from; they say a thousand times more; agree to take the Frog to check; tell her to hold on to the middle of the wand, the ends of which they will hold; women on the ground surprised at the witty device; The frog screams that she came up with it, falls, crashes]: Stuart, Limusishiden 1994:128.

Japan. The Japanese [The Turtle asks the Ducks to carry it from where it lives, (1) because of drought or (2) because it is tired of living there; two Ducks hold a wand in their beaks, the Turtle grabs its middle with its mouth; she is warned not to speak or look down; they fly over the village, the children scream when they see an unusual sight; the turtle screams back, falls; (1) breaks to death, or (2) its shell has since broken in cracks; (this story is in Panchatantra, vol. 4, and Hitopadesia]: Ikeda 1971, no. 225A: 54.

The coast is the Plateau. Upper chehalis [Geese do not tell XWαnä'xwαne to look down at people if he wants to fly with them; S. sees a person, scolds him, Geese leave S. on the mountain, take their wings; he Kills an owl, goes down on its wings; meets a monster woman, she carries camas tubers, he exchanges tubers for a bead, but it's not a bead, but a stick; runs ahead several times and repeats the trick says that their five brothers look the same; the woman picks up bees in the basket, leaves it on the stump, tells the stump to close when S. gets there; the stump closes, the bees dazzle him; the woodpecker cut hole, S. got out, made imaginary eyes out of dandelion flowers, came to the Snail, pretends to measure her house; that he sees unusually far away; the Snail agreed to change eyes; when dandelions withered, completely blind; S. got salmon, baked it, turned milk into two girls; S. tries to get along with the girls, they run away; the old woman shakes the baby on the swing; the girls kidnap him, replacing him with a rotten deck; his mother conceived him from a blue stone, he is the Month; she squeezes his diapers, makes the Sun out of his brother's urine; Blue Jay goes west, finds the Month; Month is the husband of those who kidnapped him women; they gave birth to him bushes and trees, the youngest is the mother of all fish; the Month says goodbye to its fish children; transforms and destroys monsters on the way to earth; rises to heaven to shine during the day, but It is too hot; the weak Brother Sun should have shone at night but is afraid of ghosts, gives too little light at night; the month becomes a month, the Sun becomes the sun]: Adamson 1934:173-177.

The Midwest. Menominee [Menapus wants to be as beautiful as Geese; one of the Geese gives him his clothes, M. flies south with the Geese; they tell him not to look down if you fly over the village; M. looks shot, falls; comes alive]: Bloomfield 1928, No. 73:173-174; Western Ojibwa: Blackwood 1929, No. 7 [Manabazoo asks a beautiful bird to carry it across the lake; the bird warns not to look down ; he looks, falls into the water, gets ashore; turns into a dead animal; the birds flock to peck at him; the one that carried M. through the air sticks her head into the animal's body (obviously into the anus), M. jumps up, holding the bird's head; comes to the village; frees the bird; feathers have come off its head, the bird has become a bald vulture (turkey-buzzard); at night M. joins the dancers; in the morning discovers that they were not people and reeds swaying in the wind]: 339-341; Jones 1917, No. 15 (Ontario) [Nanabushu asks geese to allow him to search for wild rice with them; they allowed it, but he did not find anything; geese say are going to fly away; we agree that N. also fly with them, but he should not look down if there are people below; people see him flying with geese, N. looks and falls into the middle of the village; he is tied up and everyone relieved him; two blind old women were the last to come; N. tells them to untie him first; they did it, they killed them with a stick; went to wash in the lake; crap floated on the water; N.: let This lake's name is "Smelly Water"]: 127-132; Radin, Reagan 1928, No. 12 (Minnesota) [Manabozo asks a beautiful bird to ride it in the air; the bird warns not to look down; M. looks, falls in hollow; turns into a bear; women cut down a tree to get a bear; M. comes out]: 91-92; timagami ojibwa [geese give Nenebuk wings, tell him not to look down; he looks, falls into hollow stump; girls cut the stump with axes, think there are porcupines inside; old man im: this is N.]: Speck 1915d, No. 2:38-39; Western Swamp Cree: Brightman 1989 (stone crees): 28-29 [in autumn Wī sahkīcāhk admires Geese's ability to fly; they turn him into the biggest of them, he flies ahead; contrary to warning, he looks down when people start shooting, he falls; hunters recognize V., tie him up in the bushes on the ground, everyone relieves him; he asks the old woman to untie him; when she also relieves herself, kills her, puts her clothes over her back, throws her on tree, runs away], 49-51 [as on p. 28-29; geese fly north; V. promises the old woman money, she unties her, he ties her up, runs away]; eastern swamp crees (west bank hall. James): Ellis 1995, No. 20 [Weesakechahk wants to fly south with geese; they make him a goose; the leader warns not to look down if people on the ground scream; he looks, he has been shot, he has fallen, but didn't crash; so geese don't crash if they fall to the ground shot]: 139-143; Skinner 1911 [birds fly south; Wicágatcak wants to fly with them; they warn you not to look down; he looks, falls, becomes human again, but cannot get up; people relieve him; when an old woman sits down, he pierces her with a stick, puts her on a stick like meat on a skewer]: 87; northern Ojibwa (Sandy Lake) [Visakaijak wants to fly with geese; they give him gooseskin, tell him not to descend over villages, not to look down; he breaks prohibitions, is shot, falls; runs away, leaving gooseskin]: Ray, Stevens 1971:41; Algonquins [Spoop Fook Kivis asks Geese to make him one of them; flying over the village, violates the ban on looking down, falls into the hollow, dies there, revives in its original form, continues its journey]: Schoolcraft 1999:97-98; Steppe Cree: Ahenakew 1929 [Vesakaicak wants to fly with geese; they give him wings; not they tell him to take off until his wings stick; he takes off, one wing breaks, he falls; they are not told to fly over camps; he flies, an arrow pierces his wing; he falls, shamed]: 350-352; Curtis 1976 (18) [ Visákecsi asks the Swans to make him one of them; they give him feathers and tell him not to make noise near settlements; V. Voices, people beat swans, V. He takes his true form, feasts with everyone; when he comes to the lake, he makes a bundle of grass and leaves; Ducks ask what he carries; (apparently, answers what songs); V. He tells them to dance with his eyes closed, kills one at a time; the Fox calls to a feast; he pretends to be lame; V. He offers to race; the Fox overtakes him, eats everything; V. He makes a fire around the sleeping Fox; he jumped out, burned, now red]: 132-133; Skinner 1916, No. 1 (3) [Visukejak (= Nenapuk) asks the Swans to turn him into one of them; flies, contrary to the warning, he looks down, is shot, falls, losing consciousness, becomes human; the leader tells him to defecate; he asks the old woman to release one hand; grabs a stick and pierces her in the ass, frees herself, runs away; the old woman's corpse on a stick remains lying]: 348.

Northeast. Wolverine wears feathers and flies with the Geese; they warn not to look down when people scream on the ground; Wolverine looks and falls. Naskapi: Millman 1993 [Wolverine asks Geese to teach him how to fly; they give him feathers, tell him to fear people; Wolverine screams as he flies over the camp, Stupid people; the old woman shot him, relieved him; Wolverine doesn't fly anymore]: 36-37; Turner 1894 [(=199:163); Wolverine calls birds, calls herself their older brother, dresses them in feathers, makes wings, offers to fly; Geese they warn not to look down, Wolverine looks at screaming people, falls; two old women come up to pluck the "goose", but feel the stench, tell the children to throw away the carrion; another old woman does not believe that the goose is already deteriorated, finds a dead wolverine in this place]: 327; nascapi, montagnier [two old women come to relieve Wolverine; he says that whoever does this must have a skewer with him; they bring skewers, he stabs them into their anuses, killing both]: Desbarats 1969:86-87.

The Great Southwest. Hicarilla [Geese give feathers to the Fox; warn him not to open his eyes during the flight; he flies over the village of Svetlyakov, opens his eyes because of sparks, falls; asks Svetlyakov how to get there through the wall surrounding the village; they show the cedar; the fox invites them to dance, hits the drum he has invented; puts his tail into the fire, runs away; tells the cedar to bend down and throw it over the wall; hands fire to the Hawk; Fireflies say that the Fox himself will not use it as punishment for stealing fire]: Russel 1898:261-262; lipan [Coyote wants to fly south with the Geese; he is given white sheets instead of wings, they tell them not to look down; in spring, on his way back, he looks at the village of Svetlyakov; falls, steals their fire]: Opler 1940:108.

NW Amazon. Yukuna [see motif K1; one by one, Kawarimi asks three groups of cranes to take him; the latter give him feathers; tell him not to look down when they fly over the little ones, or else fall; people let him in There are arrows in the cranes, they scream that they are bitten by a scorpion, an ant, a spider; he looks at the next little one, falls, the cranes pick him up, bring his aunt to her husband; this is an anaconda; aunt - Pamitewa; cranes flew away, K. pretends not to wake up; P. lets his daughter carry this crane across the stream; K. turns into a man, rapes her, runs away; see motive I14 (demon without anus)]: Jacopins 1981:127-134.