N10B. Transparent neck .14.23.27.29.30.33.36.

A girl or (rarely) a young man with a transparent neck is described, through which you can see the drinks and/or food that this girl or boy swallows. This neck is a sign of beauty.

Egyptian Arabs, Catalans (written tradition), French (written tradition), Germans (written tradition, Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Austria), Delhi Sultanate {conditionally Hindi }, Nias, Malays, Ibans, Serbs, Kabardian, Nogais, Kumyks, Adygs, Ossetians, Ingush, Chechens, Avars, Dargins, Laki, Kurds, Persians, Vakhans, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, Karakalpaks, central (?) and northeastern (Verkhoyan) Yakuts.

North Africa. The Arabs of Egypt ["When describing a pretty girl to a young man, old women sometimes use rather hilarious terms, especially if the beauty belongs to the lower class of the people I'm talking about I speak mostly. "Sir, I know a girl; I wish your bride and father would not charge you dearly. So that's a girl!" <... > Then she {the old woman} gets down to business vividly and chatters: "Her eyes, Allah! Yes, they are bigger than a thaler <... >; and her mouth, O Mohamed, may you cover it with the smallest coin; her lips are redder than the flesh of a pomegranate and her teeth are whiter than pearls; her hands, mashalla, I have never seen such small hands! She is slim like a gazelle and myrrh like a giraffe; her neck is whiter than a goose's (swans are unknown to Arabs), like ivory, and her throat is so clear that when she drinks water, you can see water flowing ; in short, sir, she is a wonder of the world, more beautiful than the full moon, the ruler of beauty and pleasantness, charm and proportionality!"] : Bram 1871:77-78.

Southern Europe. Catalans [chivalrous novel "Tyrant White" by Joanote Marturel and Marty João de Galba (second half of the 15th century): "They call me Tyrant White, because my father was a senor of the Tyrante Marka, which is by sea It borders England, and my mother is the daughter of the Duke of Breton, and her name is Blanca, which is why I was nicknamed Tyrant White. And here I am because rumor has been spread throughout the Christian kingdoms that the English king of Knights is summoning to his court in London on the occasion of his marriage to the daughter of the King of France, and his bride is the most beautiful girl in the whole baptized world, and her beauty is incomparable. And I can confirm this to you: last feast of St. Michael had a royal engagement and I arrived at the French king's court in Paris for big celebrations, while the king and the queen and The three of the Infanta were sitting at the table, and you won't believe it, sir, the Infanta's unusual skin is so white that when she drinks red wine, you can see it flowing down her throat, to everyone's surprise"]: Marturel, Galba 2005:44.

Western Europe. The French: Marturel, Galba 2005 ["Jean and the Blonde Beauty" by Philippe de Remy (second half of the 13th century): "She had a beautiful, elegant neck, /As God Himself could create perfectly, /Tender and white... /And when she drank red wine, /You could see her swallowing it/And how it flowed down her throat"]: 754; Meyer 1864 [anonymous Portrait of a Woman (13th century); when the beauty drinks red wine, it can be seen through her throat: "L'en saurait bien se je mentaie: /qui bien i regard de l'eiul, /qant vous buvés le vin vermeiul/et la couleur dessert à val,/ parmi relay com par cristal/ et descent jusqu'en la couraaille./Or me doient Dieu que je ne fail"]: 400 (retelling in Köhler 1900:348); Germans: Hagen 1850, No. 20 [Dietrich von Glatz's "Belt" ( second half of the 13th century): "ir kel was ein lüter vel; /dadurch sach man des wines swank, /swenne diu schoene vrouwe trank"]: 456 (quoted in Köhler 1900:348); Würzburg 1871 ["Parthonopier and Meliur" by Conrad von Würzburg (13th century): "ir kel unmazen liehtgevar/gap sō luterlichen schin, /daz man da durch den klären win/sach liuhten, swenne si getrane"]: 128 (quoted in Köhler 1900 : 351); Köhler 1900 [about Elisabeth Friederick Sophia of Brandenburg-Bayreuth {1732-1780} said that "sie habe einen so weißen und zarten Hals gehabt, daß man den Burgunder, wenn sie trank , habe durchscheinen sehen" (Baden-Württemberg); the beginning of the fairy tale of a faithful wife: "Ein König hatte eine Tochter, die war überaus schön und klar und hatte eine gar feine und zarte Haut; wenn sie rothen Wein trank, konnte man sehen, wie er ihr durch den Hals herunter lief" (Hessen, Odenwald)]: 348, 350; Germans (Tyrol) [It is commonly said that Philippina Welser {1527-1589} "so schön und zart gewesen sei, daß man den rothen Wein durch ihren Hals fließen sah, wenn sie solchen trank"]: Köhler 1900:350.

South Asia. The Sultanate of Delhi (the treatise Ananga Ranga, compiled by brahman Kalyan Malla around the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries and dedicated to Lad Khan from the Lodi dynasty) [the neck of the Lotus woman Padmini is shaped like a mollusk shell, and so tender that you can see saliva through it]: Arbuthnot, Burton 1964:22.

Malaysia-Indonesia. Nias [one text describes a beautiful girl named Foeti: she was so transparent that saliva could be seen through her throat; another text Toeha says of herself: "When I I drink palm wine, you can see it through my throat, and I can see individual grains of rice in my stomach"]: Köhler 1900:350 (citing Sundermann H. Niassische Traditionen und Gleichnisse//Das Ausland 1887. Bd. 60. S. 94, 110); Malays (the Arabographic chronicle "Kuteysky Genealogies", probably recorded in the 19th century and reflecting an oral version that developed until the middle of the 17th century; Southeast Kalimantan, Sultanate Kutey) ["The boy looked up and saw the princess, who was extremely pretty. Scarlet betel juice, which she swallowed, shone through her throat, and a dazzling glow emanated from her face. At the sight of such a radiance, the boy lost his senses, and the princess threw a cob betel at him and, when he remembered, said: "Tell Batara Agung Deva Sakti that this is a custom"]: Braginsky 1982:277; ( romantic shair "The Poem of Bidasari", the end of the XVII-XVIII centuries) [The maids tell the rulers about Bidasari's beauty: "She looks sideways adorably /And smiles with a downcast gaze/Her skin is like a champaka flower, /And she herself is beautiful as if she had just The picture painted. /Her cheeks were like two halves of a mango, /Her shoulders were like a shadow theater doll, /We admired her throat/For when she swallowed the betel, the red juice shone through her skin "]: Braginsky 1983:366; ibans (Sarawak's "sea dayaks") [when the goddess of beauty Kumang swallows betel nut juice, it can be seen through her throat-it's so beautiful]: Donald 1991:59.

The Balkans. Serbs: Kravtsov 1960 [episode of a Yunac song: "He drinks wine from his mother-in-law and bride/Valorous yunak Senyanin Ivo, /You can see wine flowing down his throat, /The hands are white through the cloth, /Cosmas are black they covered their neck/The black mustache covered their face"]: 239; Smirnov 1974 (The Erlangen Manuscript, first half of the 18th century) [episode of the song about Governor Prest: "Tsar Suleiman writes a letter in Mostar and sends it to white Stalach: "Presta, Voivode of Stalach, I am told that you have three benefits ("goodness"). The first benefit is Vidosava's wife: when she drinks cold wine, you can see wine through her neck. Another benefit is a forged saber, which cuts armor from Yunaks and chain mail from the Turks, and the king does not have such a saber either. The third good is a swallow horse, it catches up with a pitchfork in the forest, and the king does not have such a horse either. Send me these three benefits""]: 230.

Caucasus - Asia Minor. Kabardian people [song episode: "Light brown braids are cramped behind my back, -/ I can't find a place in longing./ At night, one moon is an ornament,/- I'm the most beautiful in Kabard! /I have a tender neck - into a white swan:/The water in my throat can be seen in the light"]: Sokolov, Broydo 1936:348; Archins [legend episode: "V-Archie was [then], one girl was there- [above] very beautiful, which, after drinking water through the throat, was visible. All young men liked this girl [then], everyone followed her" (final translation)]: Kibrik et al. 1977, No. 1:9; Nogais [fairy tale episode: "A rooster came up to the khan and gave him his sheep. Khan was happy - there were a lot of guests and few meat on the table. He seated the rooster in a place of honor. The rooster looks and is surprised: the girl is as beautiful as a gold ring, and her neck is as transparent as air. The girl will drink a sip of water, and it shines through her throat and shines like silver. I really liked the rooster girl" (see summary in the M171 data "Mena: from thorn to horse")]: Nogai 1979, No. 4:14-16; Kumyks [the first five lines of yira "You walk around the yard like the moon..." are dedicated to a description of the appearance of her beloved girl: "she walks around the yard "like the moon", her neck is "longer than that of swan geese flying", her thin body is "flexible like a willow twig", her throat is so crystal-transparent that you can see water when she drinks"]: Adzhiev 2005:269; Adygi [fairy tale episode: "He had a beautiful sister like the one who is said to be able to see water flowing through her throat"]: Aliyeva 1986:135; Ossetians: Liberdinsky 1948 [episode of Nart's tale: "Celestials marveled here and said to each other: "Arrows don't pierce sledges and swords don't take them, what are they made of?" And suddenly they saw that Soslan's wife came out of Akhsartaggat's old house, smiling. Like the sun, smiling and sparkling like the morning star, she drinks water, and you can see how water flows in her transparent glowing throat, water flows and glows, and the gleams of light reach the heavenly home Safa. The celestials were surprised at what they saw, returned to their tables and began to tell their owner, heavenly Safa, about what was happening on earth. Then Aisana suddenly dropped a jug of rong and Safa told him: "May you die! It's not your age to dream of a woman yet! Why else would all this fall out of your hands?"] : 394; Salamov 2006 [fairy tale episode: "Aldar and his wife had such a beautiful daughter that moons and stars saw themselves in her. When she drank water, you could see water running down her long, transparent throat. Aldar and his wife did not let go of their daughter a single step - they lived for her, ate and drank for her too"]: 278; Khamitsaeva, Byazirov 1989 (Irons, villages. Edys, 1928) ["When the guests got up from behind the fung, they went to the cliff and from there looked at Nartovo village through a seven-eyed spyglass: the Agur troops covered the entire Nartovo village with droppings of their horses. Just at this time, Swart Soslan's wife was drinking water, and the water in her throat was more visible than even through the walls of the glass. Surprised at this, the heavenly gods returned to Sainag Aldar. We sat down to fung again and told him about the news in Nart. "Today we looked through the seven-eyed spyglass, my heart bleed when we saw Nartovo village; the Agur troops covered it with droppings of their horses. But it was even more surprising that Soslan's wife drank water, and the water in her throat was more visible than even through the walls of the glass"], No. 116-370-371; Dargins [fairy tale episode: "There was one in this city talkhan. He had a daughter, as if made from milk and blood. Her beauty has been rumored in town. It was as if the sun and moon were rising from her forehead. When it comes to her appearance, she had a tall body like a fallow deer, a thin waist like an ant, and you could even see water coming through her throat, and a fox and a hare could pass from under the heels of her shoes. In short, why the story is long, she was an extraordinary beautiful Bibihaibat. Many young men wanted to marry this girl, but she did not recognize anyone"]: Ganiyeva 2011b, No. 58:513; Ingush ["Burkumsky's "Kant" had a beautiful wife with a white complexion that she did not have not one woman in the whole world. When this beauty drank water, she was visible in the beauty's throat-her body was clean and transparent before that"]: Akhriev 1875:18-19 (reprinted with a small literary interpretation in Dalgat 1972:362); Avars [Kamalil Bashir's description in the ballad: "The guy lives alone in the village of Chokhtsev, /He's probably not Joseph the Beautiful, /How was he born so radiant? /Like water flowing through a white vessel, /You can see food passing through his throat./Like a pigeon with a bluish neck, /The color differs from the color on his mustache and beard. /Like the shadow around the lamp, /So but there is no shadow around him either"]: Gamzatov, Dalgat 1991:122; Ingush, Chechens, Avars, Dargins, Varnishes ["The ideas "about the transparent throat" of a beauty are very typical, or handsome in Ingush and Dagestan (Dargin, Avar, Lak) figurative definitions"; "A transparent throat as a sign of the beauty of a heroine or hero is one of the constant aesthetic criteria in folklore of the Ingush, Chechens, Highlanders of Dagestan"]: Dalgat 1972:248, 441; Kurds (p. Abilkand, Echmiadzin District, Armenia, 1935) [episode of the epic tale: "Son fist, you're really young, /You don't have a mind in your head -/Our daughter [herself] Teli Ravshan Khatun,/[Like] tender coral, /Water can be seen through her neck when she drinks"]: Jeandy 1962:56.

Iran - Central Asia. Persians: Nizami Ganjavi 1986 [episode of the poem "Iskender-name" by Nizami Ganjavi (c. 1141 - c. 1209): "And the slave {Nistarjihan} was introduced black-eyed with a body, /Like sugar, with a face and rosy and white./<... > If she drinks wine, she is transparent and tender, /You will see the color of the wine through your throat. /Glory to that wet nurse all over the world/What did you feed this beautiful woman for the world!"] : 351; Wakhans ["she was such a beautiful girl that when she drank water, you could see [water flowing] in her throat"]: Grunberg, Steblin-Kamensky 1976b: 295 (including the original Vakhan); Pashtuns [fairy tale episode: "The next day, Padishah Suheili went up to the roof of his palace, took his spyglass and looked around. It's all in God's hands! Unexpectedly, his gaze fell on Firuz's house. And Firuz had one daughter so beautiful that the flowers were jealous of her. He drinks water - you can see how water flows down his neck, his lips are thin, his eyes are big like black tonsils, his face is white. Well, what can I say! That day, she was sitting on the roof of the house, loosening her braids, combing her hair. She was the youngest of the sisters, her name was Baba. When Suheili saw it, he immediately fell in love: he can't do anything to himself"]: Lebedev 1972, No. 7:44 (slightly different translation and Pashtun original in Lebedev 2003:399); Uzbeks [fairy tale episode:" The fourteenth moon faded before its indescribable beauty. When she drinks water, you can see it in her throat, and when she eats carrots, you can see it from the side"]: Bushui, Zhurakulov 1990:44; Turkmens: Sakali 1956 [fabulous formula: "Her skin was so transparent that she drank water with it I could see through her throat like crystal, and the carrots she ate could be seen through her side"]: 39; Korogly 1991:181-182 [episode of Dastan "Kassym-Oglan": "I opened the book to Kasym, looked, and there was a portrait -peri. To call it the moon, she has a mouth. To call it the sun, that's how she has eyes. If she drinks water, water can be seen through her throat; if she eats raisins, it shines through her body. Oh, how wonderful, with a thin body, with almond-shaped eyelids, with lips like pistachio, with an ant waist! That's how pretty she was! When he saw her, Kasym lost his senses, and when he came to his senses, he opened the book again and said to himself: "Oh beauty, where is your homeland? I'll be sure to find you. If not, I won't be called Kasym. You have my soul and heart"], 188 ["Well, I've been serving the padishah for nine years and I'm in love with his daughter. So I also went to catch Simrug. This girl is very pretty. If I would call it the moon, she has a mouth, I would call it the sun, so she has eyes. When she drinks water, she can be seen through her throat; when she eats raisins, it shines through her body. What is white is white and what is black is really black, her waist is ant, her lips are tender, her mouth is like pistachio. And I want to get it"]; Stebleva 1969, No. 22 [fairy tale episode: "So Mammadjan entered the room and sees huge devas sleeping in it, each the size of a mountain. Mammadjan slowly passed them. He went into the next room, and there a girl was sleeping in the silks and soft velvet, and you could see liquid flowing through the glass in her throat. And a bird called the sweet-voiced nightingale sits in a beautiful cage in the corner. When Mammadjan saw the girl, his mind became clouded, and he even forgot about the nightingale bird"]: 86.

Turkestan. Kazakhs: Auezov, Smirnova 1963 (Kazaly district, western 1887) [Kyz Zhibek episode: "There was a bai named Alashabay among the many Kipchakov. This Alashabay had six sons. [Six] sister/Beautiful Zhibek was. /Crimean beauty/She was known [in the steppe]. /Like the thimble of her lip,/[Noble Zhibek]/[Her neck is thin and tender]" (note to the last line:" Literally: swallowed food from a noble woman can be seen through the throat)"]: 128; Ivanovsky 1889, No. 13 (near Saur, 1888) [dialogue song episode: "Batima is gold-haired and black-browed! You can see you swallowing food through your neck. I never considered anyone equal to you in the world"]: 220; Karakalpaks [Maspatsha episode: "Sweet speeches {Ayparshi} seduce everyone, /black eyes take life, /a face gives rise to loving enthusiasm, /gentle coquetry touches anyone. /She steps lazily like a goat leader, /her hair is braided, her skin is fresh -/and so thin that the food swallowed, /seems to be visible through her throat./There are a lot of lala buttons on her chest/and Everything is buttoned, not a crack, /cheeks glow with a marvelous diva -/in pearl peas; /with a sleeveless jacket on the shoulders/precious brocade is casually thrown; /and the soul burns with fire - /whoever smells it will not forget about it" ]: Naumov 1988:155; Kyrgyz: Manas 1988:36 (original), 358 (Russian translation) [epic episode: "From the city of Akyas/ Suddenly appeared /His daughter named Saikal./Slender as a willow twig, /V She is wearing men's clothes, /Her teeth are amber, her eyebrows are full, /Broad forehead, small head/Her face is white, her cheeks are red, /Her eyes are clear, /Her rosy face emits light, /Whiter than colostrum, her body, /Slender, long neck, chiseled arms -/ Of all the beauties, she is beautiful! /She stands out from others in her thoughts/When she swallowed koumiss, /He shone through her throat"], 165 (original in Russian), 488 (Russian translation) ["Two daughters and three sons -/Shooruk only has children,/ His eldest daughter is Akylai, /She is a beautiful girl./She is sixteen and a half years old, /Her black braids are braided, /Like a dark pattern on silver buttons, /She has beautiful black eyebrows, /Teeth - pearls, curved eyebrows, /When she swallows, food and black raisins are visible through her throat/You can see food and black raisins"], 665 [comment on the lines "When she swallows, through her throat/You can see food and black raisins": "Traditional in the epic many Turkic-speaking peoples convey the elegance and tenderness of a beautiful woman"].

Eastern Siberia. Yakuts (no place of recording; central Yakuts?) [fairy tale episode: "The girl raised her head, took ten fingers, like ten stoats, from her face. It was bright in the stone yurt, as if three suns had risen, so her face shone. The throat was completely transparent: the dark one would swallow like a sable would run, the bright one would clog the white butterfly. The captive of the evil abaasa was so beautiful!"] : Sivtsev, Efremov 1990:59; Verkhoyan Yakuts [fairy tale episodes: 1) "you can see the body through the dress; through the body of the bones of the limbs (arms and legs); through the bones you can see the brain shimmering like mercury; if black eats, like a swallow moves under the throat; if white eats, like a butterfly trembles and sits; with solid eyebrows, like black sables that came from Kamchatka (khamchakkytan) when they lie, united with legs; with chalcedony eyes (hanchital tas harakhtah), with a light stone face; with foldable silver lips; through the dress you can see your favorite body, you can see a valuable body with your pants"; 2) "This the man drowned, drowned. It was bottomless water, a bottomless chasm. Suddenly he got up; he came to his place with a crooked sun, with a crooked moon. He ran, he ran. I came to a standing silver house; flew in. (woman) sits on the front bed; through the dress you can see the body; through the body you can see bones; through the bones you can see the brain shimmering back and forth like mercury; if you ate black, like a swallow moves (her) under throat; if it ate white, like a butterfly trembles and sits"]: Khudyakov 1890, No. 5:90-91.