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Stith Thompson Motif Index

About this index and how to read it

Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.

The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.

849 motifs

Page 3 of 4 · 250 per page
Thompson reference Description ▲
P231 Mother and son.
P231.7 Mother commits suicide when son wants to marry foreigner according to foreign rites. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 267.
P230.2 Mother dislikes her children in forced marriage. Icelandic: Boberg.
P211.2 Mother kills husband for murdering their daughter. Africa (Kamerun): Mansfield 228.
P231.4 Mother kills sons who lack courage to help her revenge her father and brothers, and are likely to betray the plot. Icelandic: Boberg.
P232.2 Mother lets daughter unwittingly marry own father in order to avenge his raping. Icelandic: Boberg.
P711.2 Mother of invalided soldier says of his limping: "Every step will remind you of your virtue." Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P230.1 Mother prefers son, father daughter. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P231.5 Mother reveals fact that son is offspring of supernatural father. Irish myth: Cross.
P262 Mother-in-law. Irish myth: Cross.
P231.3 Mother-love. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P293.1 Mother's brother as foster father. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P293.2 Mother's brother as helper. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P681 Mourning customs. Jewish: *Neuman.
P176 Murder by slaves. Icelandic: Boberg.
P428 Musician. Icelandic: Boberg.
P162.1 Naked leper. Irish myth: Cross.
P711.6 National unity preserved by expulsion of all foreign elements. Jewish: Moreno Esdras, Neuman.
P710 Nations.
P17.9.1 Natural son is refused kingship and half heritage. Icelandic: Hervarar saga 86—88, Boberg.
P233.4 Natural son preferred to legitimate. Icelandic: Boberg.
P17.9 Natural son succeeds to the throne. Irish myth: Cross.
P297 Nephew. *F. B. Gummere The Sister's Son (Oxford, 1901); C. H. Bell The Sister's Son in the Mediaeval German Epic (Berkeley, 1922); Irish myth: Cross.
P616 Newcomers forced to pass the night with ruling princess. Given sleeping potion. Goods confiscated for failure to consummate marriage. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P298 Niece.
P251.6.5 Nine brothers. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P252.5 Nine sisters. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P29.1 No king to rule who is not husband of certain queen. Irish myth: Cross.
P17.0.1 No sons left to rule after father. Lawmaker's sons slain in rebellion against him. Irish myth: Cross.
P12.9 Nobility of character a mark of kings. Kings overcomes passion for beautiful captives and sends them back untouched to their people. Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P60 Noble (gentle) ladies.
P51 Noble person saves self from difficulties by knowledge of a trade. (Cf. P31.) Chauvin VIII 111 No. 90.
P61 Noble woman given to foreigners on condition that thereafter their land be held by female right. Irish myth: Cross.
P322.1 Nobleman forces escaping prisoner to accept his hospitality. Intercedes for his pardon. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P50 Noblemen (knights).
P14.7 None permitted to enter hall of king unless he possesses an art. Irish myth: Cross.
P536.1 Nose cut off for failure to pay tax. (Cf. Q451.5.) Irish myth: Cross.
P236.3 Not daring to curse father directly, son does so indirectly. Nouvelles Récréations No. 50.
P16.3.1 Old king attacked. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P674 Old person commits suicide when strength fails. Irish myth: Cross.
P14.15.1 Old, wise counsellor of court. Irish myth: Cross.
P251.7 Older brother has birthright, entitling him to a double share. (Cf. P233.11.) Jewish: *Neuman.
P233.5 Oldest son responsible to father for welfare of others. Jewish: Neuman.
P310.6 One friend dies shortly after the other. Icelandic: Boberg.
P253.0.5 One sister and six (seven, eleven, twelve) brothers. Type 451.
P253.0.4 One sister and ten brothers. Icelandic: Boberg.
P253.0.3 One sister and three (four) brothers. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P253.0.2 One sister and two brothers. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P551.8.1 Only 700 subjects of under-king required to serve under overlord on any one hosting. Irish myth: Cross.
P642 Only the brave to wear beards. Irish myth: Cross.
P177 Origin of thralls. Icelandic: Boberg.
P459 Other artisans.
P19 Other motifs connected with kings. Irish myth: Cross.
P290 Other relatives.
P190 Other social orders—miscellaneous. Irish myth: Cross.
P460 Other trades and professions.
P11.3 Owner of magic object chosen as king. India: Thompson-Balys.
P482 Painter (artist).
P515 Pardoning of criminal comes too late. Icelandic: Boberg.
P230 Parents and children. Hdwb. d. Märchens I 527a s.v. "Eltern und Kinder"; Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P241 Parents descend to hell instead of sons. Irish: O'Suilleabhain 53.
P270.3 Parents kill son for slaying their foster son. Irish myth: Cross.
P426.1 Parson (priest). Jewish: Neuman (P426.1, V452).
P715 Particular nations (races).
P14 Particular practices of kings.
P294.1 Paternal aunt as aid. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 82.
P711.9 Patriotism: king learning that nation will triumph whose king dies in battle, allows self to be killed. Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P711 Patriotism. Irish myth: Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P537 Payment of stipend. Irish myth: Cross.
P532 Payment of tax (tribute). Irish myth: *Cross.
P270.2 Peasant and his wife as foster parents of exposed king's son. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P411.1.1 Peasant and his wife in hut near castle as contrasts to king and queen. Icelandic: Lagerholm lvi, *Boberg.
P411.2 Peasant is cutting wood in front of his house as guests arrive. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P411.1 Peasant refuses to sell possessions to king. (Miller of Sanssouci.) Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 309 No. 13.
P411 Peasant. **Hdwb. d. Märchens I 184a.
P617 People weep when child is born. They sing and laugh at burials. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P427.0.2 Person assailed by druid loses treasure. Irish myth: Cross.
P202 Person reproached for having no relatives. Irish myth: Cross; Koryak: *Jochelson JE VI 372.
P16.4 Persons buried with dead king. *Wesselski Märchen 230; Icelandic: Corpus Poeticum Boreale I 303, *Boberg.
P552.3 Phalanx. Irish myth: Cross.
P485 Philosopher.
P424.1 Physician hides eyes as he passes graveyard. He does not want to see those who have died from his medicine. *Wesselski Hodscha Nasreddin I 259 No. 204.
P424.3 Physician killed for fatal diagnosis. Irish myth: Cross.
P424 Physician. Penzer X 263a s.v. "Physician"; Irish myth: Cross.
P241.1 Pious children save their parents from hell. Jewish: Neuman.
P557.2 Pledge with enemy to be kept. Irish myth: Cross.
P427.4 Poet (druid) as satirist. (Cf. M402.) Irish myth: Cross.
P427.7.7 Poet as judge. Irish myth: Cross.
P524.1 Poet may not act as security. (Cf. P427.) Irish myth: Cross.
P427.7.8 Poet rewarded for poem. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg.
P427.7 Poet. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg.
P427.7.6 Poet's rod. Irish myth: Cross.
P427.7.2.1.1 Poets and fools closely allied. Irish myth: Cross.
P427.7.9 Poets banished. Irish myth: Cross.
P553.1 Poisoned weapons. Irish myth: Cross.
P336.1 Poor host and his wife kill themselves because they are unable to entertain expected guests. India: Thompson-Balys.
P336.3 Poor peasant closes the eyes in order not to see guest eat: later suicide. Icelandic: Boberg.
P336 Poor person makes great effort to entertain guests.
P720 Population. Irish myth: Cross.
P632.4.1 Precedence shown by position of shield (flag). Irish myth: Cross.
P38 Prince forfeits father's and God's blessing if he fails to claim throne. English romance: Malory I 4.
P34 Prince imprisoned as hostage for safety from king. Irish myth: Cross.
P31 Prince must learn a trade. (Cf. P51.) *Chauvin VI 74 No. 239.
P31.1 Princes as smiths. Irish myth: Cross.
P30 Princes. Irish myth: Cross.
P41 Princess cannot be married to someone of low caste, though he passes suitor test. India: Thompson-Balys.
P40 Princesses.
P459.1 Printer. Sébillot Métiers No. 19.
P14.1 Prisoners released as celebration of king's success. *Chauvin VI 101 No. 269 n. 2; Babylonian: Spence 59.
P13.0.1 Privileges of under-king. Irish myth: Cross.
P233.8 Prodigal son returns. India: Thompson-Balys.
P192.1 Professional fool. Irish myth: Cross.
P273.2.1 Promise of marriage to king's daughter induces warrior to fight foster brother. Irish myth: Cross.
P11.0.1 Prophecy that brother who first kisses saint will be king. Irish myth: Cross.
P672 Pulling a man's beard as an insult. E. Hinojosa Homenaje a Menéndez y Pelayo I 568ff.; R. Menéndez Pidal Cantar del Mio Cid II 498; Italian Novella: *Rotunda.
P678 Pulling out hair as sign of grief. Jewish: Moreno Esdras (P673.1).
P536 Punishment for failure to pay tax. Irish myth: Cross.
P29.3 Queen (princess) pours liquor for battle champions. Irish myth: Cross.
P21.1 Queen as intercessor with king. Greek: Odyssey VI 313; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys.
P17.2 Queen chosen to live rather than king so that she can bear an heir to the throne. Serpents alleged to tell by their death which shall die first: male serpent predicts king's death; female, queen's. King has male serpent killed. BP IV 139; Gesta Romanorum No. 92.
P29.2 Queen commits adultery with husband's foster son. Irish myth: Cross.
P26.1 Queen commits suicide, as her husband vanquishes and kills her father and her brother. Icelandic: Boberg.
P230.3 Queen dislikes son who is unlike her and loves a poor girl: plots against him. Icelandic: Boberg.
P21 Queen intervenes for condemned courtiers. *Chauvin II 104 No. 65.
P22.1 Queen leaves country with her son, having killed her husband in revenge for his killing of her father and brother. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P22 Queen marries murderer of her fiancée. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P25 Queen meddles in state affairs. India: Thompson-Balys.
P24 Queen must pay tribute to victorious queen to the amount paid by king to victorious king. Irish myth: Cross.
P23.4 Queen offers son to be killed in order to spur to fight and avenge her first husband. (Cf. S12.3.) Icelandic: Boberg.
P23.3 Queen persuades husband to avenge her father. Icelandic: Boberg
P23.2 Queen persuades husband to claim her father's kingdom after his death. Icelandic: Boberg.
P23.1 Queen persuades husband to riot against his superior. Icelandic: Boberg.
P23 Queen persuades king to make war without cause that her sons may have territory. Irish myth: Cross.
P29 Queens—miscellaneous.
P20 Queens. Irish myth: Cross.
P632.3 Rank among children recognized by quality of appointments and food. Irish myth: Cross.
P282.1 Realm ruled by stepmother, while king is absent. Icelandic: Boberg.
P322.3 Refugee entertained in holy place (church, monastery, etc.). Irish myth: Cross.
P317 Refusal to believe that a friend has spoken ill of one. Alphabet No. 220; Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P317.1 Refusal to believe that a friend will harm one. Alexander drinks cup said to have been poisoned by his friend. Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P205 Refusal to fight relatives. Hindu: Tawney I 175; Icelandic: Boberg.
P331 Refusal to receive preferred help until series of stories has been told. Scottish: Campbell-McKay No. 5.
P260 Relations by law.
P512.1 Release from execution at a woman's request (by marriage to her). *Taylor JAFL LX 185.
P251.8 Repudiation of relationship of birth between man and his bad brother. Africa (Wakweli): Bender 92f.
P172 Requirement that slaves given as tribute should not know Irish. Irish myth: Cross.
P551.8 Retainers not required to go to battle under overlord except for pay. Irish myth: Cross.
P150 Rich men. Irish myth: Cross; Missouri French: Carrière.
P13.3.2 Ring can make or unmake a king. India: Thompson-Balys.
P427.7.10 Rivaling poets. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P447.6 Rivaling smiths. Icelandic: Boberg.
P475 Robber. Irish myth: Cross; Missouri French: Carrière; Jewish: *Neuman.
P475.2 Robbers defeated and killed. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P711.5 Roman undertakes to kill Hannibal. Kills another by mistake. Burns off his hand for having failed. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P552.3.1 Roof of shields. Testudo. Irish myth: Cross.
P13.7 Royal anniversaries. Jewish: *Neuman.
P110 Royal ministers. Missouri French: Carrière.
P13.9 Royal perquisites.
P13.3 Royal purple (golden diadem) worn as sign of royalty. Irish myth: Cross.
P90 Royalty and nobility—miscellaneous.
P0 Royalty and nobility.
P672.3 Rubbing shaved head of hero with cow dung as insult. Irish myth: Cross.
P312.0.1 Saint makes blood covenant with animals. (Cf. B279.) Irish myth: Cross.
P311.7 Saints exchange bachalls as mark of affection. Irish myth: Cross.
P311.7.1 Saints exchange bells. Irish myth: Cross.
P321 Salt of hospitality. Eating a man's salt creates mutual obligation. *Chauvin VI 196 No. 368.
P711.4 Scipio plunges into burning pit to save Rome from destruction. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P425.1 Scribe who cannot read his own writing. India: Thompson-Balys.
P425 Scribe.
P17.3.1 Second-born son declared as successor because message about the birth of first son was slower traveling. Emperor will not change proclamation. India: Thompson-Balys.
P332 Selfish guest expels host. Porcupine asks rabbit for hospitality. When rabbit complains of being pricked, porcupine tells him to leave if he does not like it. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P622 Servant must keep horns and hide of his cattle that are slain. Wesselski Märchen 200.
P365.2 Servant planning to possess his master's goods. Has already possessed his wife. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 613.
P252.3 Seven sisters. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P251.6 Several brothers.
P334 Shabby hospitality forces guests to leave. Italian Novella: Rotunda (P329).
P16.5 Shavings of spear which killed king cast into cataract. Irish myth: Cross.
P412.1 Shepherd as hero. *Type 300.
P412 Shepherd.
P453 Shoemaker. **C. Nyrop Dania VIII 195ff.; *Sébillot Métiers No. 10; Irish myth: Cross; Spanish: Espinosa Jr. Nos. 151, 155—157, 185.
P427.0.4 Simon Magus as druid. Irish myth: Cross.
P253 Sister and brother. Type 450; Irish myth: Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller.
P253.5 Sister avenges brother's death. India: Thompson-Balys; Icelandic: *Boberg.
P253.2 Sister faithful to transformed brother. *Types 450, 451; Child I 315f.
P252.1.1 Sister kills sister. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: Boberg.
P253.6 Sister warns brothers. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P264 Sister-in-law. (Cf. K2212.2.)
P253.0.1 Sister's son. Irish myth: Cross.
P252 Sisters.
P338 Sitting in a circle of feasts. Irish myth: Cross.
P251.6.3 Six or seven brothers. Type 451.
P175.1 Slave hanged. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P175 Slave killed. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P523.3 Slave may not bring suit. (Cf. P170.) Irish myth: Cross.
P171.1 Slave's ear bored. Jewish: *Neuman.
P178 Slaves freed. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P178.2 Slaves released after definite term. Jewish: Neuman (seven years).
P170 Slaves. Irish myth: Cross.
P17.11 Slayer of king marries widow and inherits kingdom. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P447.1 Smith as grandfather of king. Irish myth: Cross.
P447.3 Smith as lord of hall of hospitality. Irish myth: Cross.
P447.2 Smith as rath-builder. Irish myth: Cross.
P447.0.1 Smith from Lochlann (Scandinavia, otherworld [?]) Irish myth: Cross.
P447.5 Smith honored by king as indispensable. Invited to festival. England: *Baughman.
P447.4 Smith punished in hell. Irish myth: *Cross.
P447 Smith. *Sébillot Métiers Nos. 17, 18; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 257—67; Andree (1878) 153; *Nyrop Dania IX 186ff.; Von Sydow Vеra folksagor (1941) 39ff. — Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; Missouri French: Carrière; Jewish: *Neuman.
P191 Social status of foreigners. Irish myth: Cross.
P461.2 Soldier dies happy on learning of enemy's rout. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P461.3 Soldier is ordered to set fire to enemy's armada. Is caught and sawed in two. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P461.1 Soldier who has had both hands severed fights with his teeth until he is killed. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P461 Soldier. *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 485ff.; Missouri French: Carrière.
P551.2 Soldiers chained (tied) together to prevent flight from battle. Irish myth: Cross.
P233.1 Son as pledge for father who has committed murder. Irish myth: Cross.
P233.6 Son avenges father. English romance: Malory X 21, 34, 36; Icelandic: *Boberg; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Africa: Bouveignes 163.
P233.9 Son chastizes father for scorning mother. India: Thompson-Balys.
P236.4 Son deposes father and usurps throne. Irish myth: Cross.
P401 Son insists on following father's trade. This has been kept secret at request of dying father who was unsuccessful. Son learns from mother. *Cosquin Contes indiens 395ff.
P233.7 Son must threaten father before he will recognize him as son, even though he brings ring from his mother. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P17.0.2 Son succeeds father as king. Icelandic: *Boberg.
P231.2 Son warns mother. (Hamlet.) Icelandic: *Boberg.
P265 Son-in-law.
P10.1 Special place where occur births of royalty. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 376.
P451 Spinner. Sébillot Métiers No. 5; *Von Sydow Spinnsagor.
P283 Stepbrother.
P283.1 Stepbrothers kill devastating monsters. India: Thompson-Balys.
P281.1 Stepfather as foster father. Icelandic: Boberg.
P281.2 Stepfather murdered. Icelandic: Boberg.
P281 Stepfather.
P282.3 Stepmother in love with stepson. (Cf. T418.) Irish myth: Cross; Greek: Euripides Hippolytus; Chinese-Persian: *Coyajee JPASB XXIV 192.
P282.2 Stepmother mourns her stepsons' death, not her own son's. Icelandic: Boberg.
P282 Stepmother. Irish myth: Cross; Missouri French: Carrière.
P280 Steprelatives.
P284 Stepsister. (Cf. K2212.1.) Icelandic: Boberg; Missouri French: Carrière.
P557.3 Stones erected where enemy falls. Irish myth: Cross.
P328 Strangers entertained by family to whose hitching-ring they happen to tie their horses. Thus confusion avoided as to where strangers are to be entertained. Italian: L. de Francia Novellino (Torino, 1930), Rotunda.
P631 Strangers to be given precedence over man at home. Duke permits visiting duke to go through narrow path first. This sets custom. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 515.
P342.1 Student challenges his fencing master. Is overcome by the latter's tricks. Italian Novella: *Rotunda.
P342 Student enters competition with his master. Italian Novella: Rotunda.
P15.8 Subjects drive their ruler away after he has made them do forced labor. India: Thompson-Balys.
P555.1 Submission indicated by defeated lying with conqueror's sword between teeth. Irish myth: Cross.
P319.6 Successful rival gives his lady to unsuccessful friend. Italian Novella: *Rotunda.
P17.6 Succession by mother-right. Irish myth: Cross.
P17 Succession to the throne. Missouri French: Carrière.
P17.7 Succession will fall to line that has been wronged. Irish myth: Cross.
P552.2 Superior troops distributed throughout army to prevent their soldierly qualities from being too obvious. Irish myth: Cross.
P236.2 Supposed chest of gold induces children to care for aged father. They think that the chest of stones contains the inheritance. *Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 435; Scala Celi 98b No. 528; Dunlop-Wilson II 185f.; von der Hagen II lviii No. 49; Hdwb. d. Abergl. IV 1290. —Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 2452*; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 116 No. 980A; Italian Novella: *Rotunda; Palestine: Schmidt-Kahle Volkserzählungen aus Palästina II No. 123; India: *Thompson-Balys; Indonesia: Jeynball Catalogus Maleische en Sundaneesche Hss. 173, ibid. Supplement Catalogus Javaansche en Madoereesche Hss. 22.
P312.3 Surviving blood brother to watch three nights in grave-mound. Icelandic: Egils saga ok Asm., Lagerholm 28 (cf. introd. xxiv—xxix).
P16.4.1 Suttee. Wife burned with dead king. *Penzer IV 255 ff., 264; **Zachariae Zs. f. Vksk. XIV 198ff., 302ff., 395ff., XV 74ff.; Chauvin VII 20; Mansikka FFC XLIII 330ff.; Hert Die Indogermanen II 440, 490ff.; Grimm Deutsche Rechtsalterthümer I 622; Hoops' Reallexikon IV 556ff.; Schreuer Zs. f. Vgl. Rechtswissenschaft XXXIV 19ff. —Icelandic: *Boberg; Slavic: Máchal 233; India: *Thompson-Balys; Melanesia: Codrington 288ff.; Africa: Frobenius Atlantis VII 106, 227.
P412.2 Swineherd. (Cf. L113.1.1.) Irish myth: Cross.
P312.2 Sworn brethren and blood brethren avenge each other. Icelandic: *Boberg.