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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference ▲ | Description |
|---|---|
| P336 | Poor person makes great effort to entertain guests. |
| P336.1 | Poor host and his wife kill themselves because they are unable to entertain expected guests. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P336.2 | Wife scolds husband's hospitality, as he really has nothing to give. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P336.3 | Poor peasant closes the eyes in order not to see guest eat: later suicide. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P337 | King demands work, sport or entertainment from winter guests. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P337.1 | Christian king makes baptism a condition for hospitality during the winter. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P338 | Sitting in a circle of feasts. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P340 | Teacher and pupil. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P340.0.1 | Druids as teachers. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P341 | Teacher dies of pride over success of pupil. Alphabet No. 341. |
| P342 | Student enters competition with his master. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P342.1 | Student challenges his fencing master. Is overcome by the latter's tricks. Italian Novella: *Rotunda. |
| P343 | Teacher threatens to curse pupils if they disobey. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P360 | Master and servant. **Hdwb. d. Märchens I 389ff. |
| P361 | Faithful servant. *Types 516; *BP I 46; **Rösch FFC LXXVII 95f.; **Hdwb. d. Märchens I 389 (and cross references there given); Icelandic: *Boberg; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Korean: Zong in-Sob 154ff. No. 68. |
| P361.1 | Faithful servant dies for his master. Puts on his master's clothes so as to be slain in his place. (Cf. P316.) Alphabet No. 327; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| P361.1.1 | Faithful servant kills his master's murderer and is killed in turn. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P361.1.2 | Faithful servant wants to follow on dangerous quest, where he alone is killed. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P361.1.3 | Hero's charioteer faithful to master till death. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P361.2 | Faithful servant remains at home and fights for exiled hero. *Boje 82ff. |
| P361.3 | Faithful servant sacrifices sons to save life of king. Sons resuscitated and servant enriched. Penzer IV 177f., VI 272f.; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P361.4 | Faithful nurse tries to save tyrant's daughter by exposing her own in her place. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P361.5 | Abandoned maiden helped by her faithful nurse. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P361.6 | Faithful servant dies avenging master's death. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P361.7 | Captain will not betray king's secret. He refuses to betray where recruits are being raised. Spanish: Childers. |
| P361.8 | Faithful servant undergoes torture for sake of his master. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| P361.9 | Crow lets itself be caught so as to save king of crows. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P362 | Faithful servant entrusted with care and education of crown prince. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| P365 | Faithless servant. *Hdwb. d. Märchens I 391; Italian Novella: *Rotunda. |
| P365.1 | Faithless men-servants corrupt the maids in the household. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 209; Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P365.2 | Servant planning to possess his master's goods. Has already possessed his wife. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 613. |
| P366 | Master demands that servant tell him of his faults as well as of his good qualities. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 42. |
| P400 | Trades and professions. **Sébillot Légendes et Curiosités des Métiers (Paris, n.d.); Jewish: Neuman. |
| P401 | Son insists on following father's trade. This has been kept secret at request of dying father who was unsuccessful. Son learns from mother. *Cosquin Contes indiens 395ff. |
| P410 | Laborers. |
| P411 | Peasant. **Hdwb. d. Märchens I 184a. |
| P411.1 | Peasant refuses to sell possessions to king. (Miller of Sanssouci.) Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 309 No. 13. |
| P411.1.1 | Peasant and his wife in hut near castle as contrasts to king and queen. Icelandic: Lagerholm lvi, *Boberg. |
| P411.2 | Peasant is cutting wood in front of his house as guests arrive. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P411.3 | Wounded hero finds shelter and is cured in peasant's house. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P411.4 | Hero stays overnight in peasant's house, to which he accidentally comes, and where he gets advice and direction. (Cf. H1232.4.) Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P412 | Shepherd. |
| P412.1 | Shepherd as hero. *Type 300. |
| P412.1.1 | Life of shepherd proper preparation for ruler. Jewish: Neuman. |
| P412.2 | Swineherd. (Cf. L113.1.1.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P412.3 | Hero as rabbit-herd. Type 570. |
| P413 | Ferryman. |
| P413.1 | Eternal ferryman. Always transports passengers and when the ruler is in danger takes his place. (Cf. Q25.) Cosquin Lorraine I 215. |
| P413.1.1 | Ferryman puts oar into king's hand and he must remain ferryman. *Type 461; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| P414 | Hunter. Types 246, 304; Von Sydow Vеra folksagor (1941) 39. |
| P415 | Collier. (Cf. K2262.) |
| P415.1 | Hero as collier. Icelandic: Þiðriks saga I 308f., Boberg. |
| P420 | Learned professions. |
| P421 | Judge. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P421.1 | Jackals as judges. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P422 | Lawyer. Hdwb. d. Abergl. I 202. |
| P422.1 | Lawyers punished in hell. Alphabet Nos. 42, 43. |
| P422.1.1 | Tongue of dead lawyer found to be lacking. Scala Celi 7b No. 44; Etienne de Bourbon No. 440. |
| P424 | Physician. Penzer X 263a s.v. "Physician"; Irish myth: Cross. |
| P424.1 | Physician hides eyes as he passes graveyard. He does not want to see those who have died from his medicine. *Wesselski Hodscha Nasreddin I 259 No. 204. |
| P424.2 | Doctor who can cure can also poison. This reflection brings the doctor under the king's suspicion. *Chauvin V 276 No. 156. |
| P424.3 | Physician killed for fatal diagnosis. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P424.3.1 | "Skillful" physician compelled to help carry away the bier of his dead patient. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P424.4 | Fairy as physician. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P424.5 | Female physician. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P425 | Scribe. |
| P425.1 | Scribe who cannot read his own writing. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P426 | Clergy. |
| P426.0.1 | In fear of clerics pagans flee into fairy mounds. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P426.1 | Parson (priest). Jewish: Neuman (P426.1, V452). |
| P426.1.1 | First of animals and fruits belong to priest. Jewish: Neuman. |
| P426.2 | Hermit. Hdwb. d. Märchens I 507b; Irish myth: Cross; Spanish: Espinosa II No. 75, Espinosa Jr. No. 186. |
| P426.3 | Monks. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P426.3.1 | Untrained monk becomes skillful wright (smith) through power of saint. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P426.3.2 | Monks as converted druids. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P426.3.3 | Woman disguised as monk enters monastery. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427 | Druid (poet, learned man). Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: MacCulloch Eddic 311. |
| P427.0.1 | Druid inspires great respect and fear. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.0.2 | Person assailed by druid loses treasure. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.0.3 | Women druids. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.0.4 | Simon Magus as druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.1 | Druid performs sacrifices. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.1.1 | Druids perform human sacrifice. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.1.2 | Druids as priests. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.1.3 | Druidic (heathen) baptism. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.1.4 | Druidic tonsure. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.2 | Druid as emissary of peace. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.3 | Advice (instruction) from druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.4 | Poet (druid) as satirist. (Cf. M402.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.4.1 | Fear of druidic lampoon as activating power. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.5 | Druid as physician. (Cf. P424.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.5.1 | Wounded soldiers healed by bath in pool of milk through power of druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.6 | Druid as judge. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7 | Poet. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P427.7.1 | Extemporaneous composition by poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.2 | Extensive repertory of poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.2.1 | Difficult language used by poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.2.1.1 | Poets and fools closely allied. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.3 | Blind poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.4 | Women poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.5 | Bard. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.6 | Poet's rod. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.7 | Poet as judge. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.8 | Poet rewarded for poem. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P427.7.9 | Poets banished. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.9.1 | Excessive demands of poets. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.7.10 | Rivaling poets. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P427.8 | Druids as rath-builders. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P427.9 | Druids (poets) boil spell. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P428 | Musician. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P428.1 | Harper. Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| P429 | Miscellaneous learned professions. |
| P429.1 | Astronomers. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P430 | Financiers and merchants. |
| P431 | Merchant. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P431.1 | Merchants as spreaders of news. *Dickson 174 n. 35. |
| P435 | Usurer. |
| P435.1 | Wealthy usurer prays that the sons of the rich will become mad. That will benefit his business. His own sons lose their minds. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P435.2 | Usurer stops lending money. He does so, not because it is wrong, but because he is losing money. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P440 | Artisans. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P441 | Tailor. *Fb "skrædder"; *Chauvin IX 29 No. 18; *Sébillot Métiers No. 7; *Feilberg Dania I 165ff., III 184ff.; Paludan Danske Studier (1925) 19ff.; Missouri French: Carrière. |
| P441.1 | Tailor occupies God's throne for a day. *Type 800; *BP I 342. |
| P441.2 | Tailoring only trade devil cannot learn. He fails to knot thread because it would make sign of the cross. Scotch: Campbell Superstitions 304. |
| P441.3 | Tailor punished in hell. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P441.4 | Busy tailor asks soldier to mount watch in his place. Missouri French: Carrière 177f. No. 36, 261 No. 59. |
| P442 | Baker. *Sébillot Métiers Nos. 2, 3; *Nyrop Dania VIII 174ff. |
| P442.1 | Baker and devil walking together. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "boulanger". |
| P443 | Miller. Type 461 (Danish); Von Sydow Vеra folksagor (1941) 38; *Sébillot Métiers No. 1; Missouri French: Carrière; Spanish: Espinosa Jr. Nos. 137, 141, 198. |
| P443.0.1 | Water-miller. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P443.1 | Why millers are thieves. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 84 No. 27e. |
| P444 | Cabinet-maker. *Sébillot Métiers No. 14. |
| P444.1 | Brave soldier and timid cabinet-maker as companions. German: Grimm No. 130a; BP III 67. |
| P445 | Weaver. Sébillot Métiers No. 6. |
| P445.1 | Why weavers are the most unhappy of men. They gave a nail for the Crucifixion. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 84 No. 27C. |
| P445.2 | Why weavers have patience. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 84 No. 27d. |
| P446 | Barber. Sébillot Métiers No. 11; Penzer III 100 n. 1. |
| P446.1 | Barbers as bunglers of plans. Chauvin V 154ff. Nos. 78ff. and n. 1. |
| P446.2 | Barbers cunning and greedy. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P447 | Smith. *Sébillot Métiers Nos. 17, 18; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 257—67; Andree (1878) 153; *Nyrop Dania IX 186ff.; Von Sydow Vеra folksagor (1941) 39ff. — Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; Missouri French: Carrière; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P447.0.1 | Smith from Lochlann (Scandinavia, otherworld [?]) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P447.1 | Smith as grandfather of king. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P447.2 | Smith as rath-builder. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P447.3 | Smith as lord of hall of hospitality. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P447.4 | Smith punished in hell. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| P447.5 | Smith honored by king as indispensable. Invited to festival. England: *Baughman. |
| P447.6 | Rivaling smiths. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P447.7 | Goldsmith as lover. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P447.8 | Covetous goldsmith. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P448 | Butcher. Sébillot Métiers No. 4. |
| P451 | Spinner. Sébillot Métiers No. 5; *Von Sydow Spinnsagor. |
| P452 | Dressmaker (milliner, etc.). Type 326; German Grimm No. 4; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 269f.; Sébillot Métiers No. 8. |
| P453 | Shoemaker. **C. Nyrop Dania VIII 195ff.; *Sébillot Métiers No. 10; Irish myth: Cross; Spanish: Espinosa Jr. Nos. 151, 155—157, 185. |
| P453.1 | Why shoemakers are indolent. A shoemaker spits at Christ on way to be crucified. Christ tells him, "A poor slobbering fellow thou shalt be, and all shoemakers after thee, for what thou has done to me." (Cf. A2231.2, P445.1.) England; Baughman. |
| P454 | Hatter. Sébillot Métiers No. 10 pp. 52ff. |
| P455 | Mason (bricklayer). Sébillot Métiers No. 12. |
| P456 | Carpenter. Sébillot Métiers No. 13; Panchatantra (tr. Ryder) 62ff., 89ff., 260ff.; Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| P457 | House-painter. Sébillot Métiers No. 15. |
| P458 | Woodsman. Types 327, 700; Köhler Aufsätze 49; Sébillot Métiers No. 16; Missouri French: Carrière. |
| P459 | Other artisans. |
| P459.1 | Printer. Sébillot Métiers No. 19. |
| P460 | Other trades and professions. |
| P461 | Soldier. *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 485ff.; Missouri French: Carrière. |
| P461.1 | Soldier who has had both hands severed fights with his teeth until he is killed. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P461.2 | Soldier dies happy on learning of enemy's rout. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P461.3 | Soldier is ordered to set fire to enemy's armada. Is caught and sawed in two. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| P461.4 | Woman instructs in art of arms. (Cf. F565.1.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P471 | Actor. |
| P471.1 | Actors banished along with vagabonds. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 537. |
| P475 | Robber. Irish myth: Cross; Missouri French: Carrière; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P475.1 | Twelve robbers. Fb III 132a "røver". |
| P475.2 | Robbers defeated and killed. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P481 | Astrologer. Penzer X 77a s.v. "Astrologer"; Jewish: *Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P482 | Painter (artist). |
| P482.1 | Devil pulls painter from chair. Scala Celi 120b No. 660. |
| P483 | Juggler (conjurer). Irish myth: Cross. |
| P485 | Philosopher. |
| P485.1 | Treacherous philosophers. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P500 | Government. |
| P510 | Law courts. *E. v. Künssberg Rechtliche Volkskunde (Halle, 1936); **Spargo Juridicial Folklore in England (Durham N.C., 1944); Irish myth: Cross. |
| P511 | Criminal allowed to choose his method of execution. *Wesselski Märchen 199. |
| P511.1 | Chooses to die of old age. Criminal given choice of deaths. (Cf. J1181.) Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Friedrich der Grosse" n. 58. |
| P511.2 | Man condemned to lose his eye is allowed to choose the instrument. Herbert III 71; Hervieux IV 310 No. 117; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| P512 | Condemned woman may be freed by marrying a rogue. *Fb "gifte" I 432; Zs. f. Vksk. XXIII 108, XXV 286, XXVII 236; Sehreuer Zs. f. vgl. Rechtswiss. XXXIV 201; Blätter f. pommersche Volkskunde VII 63. |
| P512.1 | Release from execution at a woman's request (by marriage to her). *Taylor JAFL LX 185. |
| P513 | Criminal may fight against odds rather than be judicially executed. Child IV 497a. |
| P515 | Pardoning of criminal comes too late. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P516 | Youngest of judges first to give decision. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P517 | Crime less serious if committed at request of a lady. English romance: Malory VII 18. |
| P518 | Cities of refuge. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| P521 | Complacent judge disregards the confession. He has put the criminal to torture without success. When he releases him, the criminal says, "In a moment I should have confessed all." The judge lets him go nevertheless. Wesselski Hodscha Nasreddin I 266 No. 247. |
| P522 | Laws. |
| P522.1 | Lex talionis. One life for one life. Equal number must be given up by each feuding side. (Cf. P535.) Irish myth: Cross (P548.2); India: Thompson-Balys; New Guinea: Ker 61. |
| P522.1.1 | A nose for a nose. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P523 | Bringing suit in law courts. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P523.1 | Foreigner may not bring suit. (Cf. P191.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P523.2 | Madman may not bring suit. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P523.2.1 | Fool not to be punished for his crime. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P523.3 | Slave may not bring suit. (Cf. P170.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P524 | Legal security. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P524.1 | Poet may not act as security. (Cf. P427.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P524.2 | Foreigner may not act as security. (Cf. P191.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P525 | Contracts. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P525.0.1 | "It is a debt if it is promised." Irish myth: Cross. |
| P525.1 | Contract made by madman void. (Cf. P192.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P525.2 | Contract made by woman without her husband void. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P525.3 | He nearest to blood of slain man must avenge his death. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P526 | Legal principles. |
| P526.1 | "To every cow belongs its calf," a legal principle applied to question of ownership of copy of manuscript. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P526.2 | "To every son belongs his mother": in case of suspected illegitimacy, child is not guilty. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P531 | Taxation and payment of fines or tribute. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| P531.1 | Tribe failing to attend yearly feast to send gift as sign of submission. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P531.1.1 | Tribute required of conquered foreigners. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| P531.2 | Tax on treasure trove. (Cf. N500.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P532 | Payment of tax (tribute). Irish myth: *Cross. |
| P533 | Feudal tribute. Specified interchange of aid and gifts. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P533.1 | Hostages. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P533.1.1 | Boys as hostages. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P535 | Eric fines (imposed for personal injury, etc.). (Cf. P522.1.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| P536 | Punishment for failure to pay tax. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P536.1 | Nose cut off for failure to pay tax. (Cf. Q451.5.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P537 | Payment of stipend. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P541 | Law-making. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P541.1 | Heptads. Laws made in groups of seven. (Cf. Z71.5.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P541.2 | Laws made at yearly feast. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P541.2.1 | Laws made at feast every seven years. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P548 | Miscellaneous legal customs. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P550 | Military affairs. *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 181—254; Jewish: Neuman. |
| P551 | Army. |
| P551.0.1 | Band of professional warriors. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| P551.1 | Army of young men. Old men excluded. *Chauvin VII 84 No. 373bis. |
| P551.2 | Soldiers chained (tied) together to prevent flight from battle. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.3 | Clerics exempted from military service. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.4 | Hero drives retreating warriors back into battle. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.5 | Boy corps. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.6 | Law requiring military service of women revoked through influence of saint. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.7 | Conflicts with the recruiting officers. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3743. |
| P551.8 | Retainers not required to go to battle under overlord except for pay. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.8.1 | Only 700 subjects of under-king required to serve under overlord on any one hosting. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P551.9 | "Battle seeds" (semen bellicosum). Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552 | Battle formations. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.1 | Battle-pen. Warriors fight in circle around leader. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.2 | Superior troops distributed throughout army to prevent their soldierly qualities from being too obvious. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.3 | Phalanx. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.3.1 | Roof of shields. Testudo. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.4 | War-machines. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P552.5 | Haircut as preparation for war. Maori: Beckwith Myth 250. |
| P553 | Weapons. Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| P553.1 | Poisoned weapons. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P554 | Battle-cairn. Losses reckoned by number of stones remaining in pile after each survivor has removed one. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P555 | Defeat in battle. Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: *Neuman. |